Online Instructor’s Manual with Testbank
A A A A
for
Legal Research, Analysis, and Writing
A A A A
Sixth Edition
A
Joanne B. Hames
A A
DeAAnzaACollege
Yvonne Ekern A
SantaAClaraAUniversityALawASchool
BostonA ColumbusA IndianapolisA NewAYorkA SanAFrancisco
AmsterdamA CapeATownA DubaiA LondonA MadridA MilanA MunichA ParisA MontrealA TorontoA
DelhiA MexicoACityA SaoAPauloA SydneyA HongAKongA SeoulA SingaporeA TaipeiA Tokyo
1
, ISBN-13:A 978-0-13-455984-1
ISBN-10: 0-13-455984-3
Table of Contents
A A
ToAtheAInstructor iv
Syllabi ix
ChapterA1:AIntroductionAtoALegalAResearch,AWritingAandAAnalysis 1
ChapterA2:ATheAStartingAPoint:AAnalyzingAFactsAandAIdentifyingALegalAIssues 7
ChapterA3:AFindingAandAAnalyzingACaseALaw 12
ChapterA4:AHowAtoAReadAandASummarizeAaACaseALawADecision 20
ChapterA5:AConstitutions,AStatutes,AandAAdministrativeARegulations 27
ChapterA6:AStatutoryAandAConstitutionalAAnalysis 40
ChapterA7:ASecondaryASources 48
ChapterA8:ADigests 58
ChapterA9:AValidatingAYourAResearch:AUsingAShepards,AKeyciteAandAotherACitators 65
ChapterA10:AIntroductionAtoALexisAAdvance,AWestlaw,A&ABloombergALaw 75
ChapterA11:AComputer-
AssistedALegalAResearchA(CALR):ATheAFreelyAAccessibleAInternetA 81AChapterA12:ABasicALe
galAWritingATools 86
ChapterA13:ATheAMemorandumAofALaw:APredictiveALegalAWriting 90
ChapterA14:AWritingAtoAtheACourt:APersuasiveAWriting 95
ChapterA15:AMotionAPractice:AResearchAandAWritingAIssues 100
ChapterA16:ALegalACorrespondence 104
2
,Testbank 123
3
, ToAtheAInstructor
TheASixthAEditionAofALegalAResearch,AAnalysis,AandAWriting
WhenAweAfirstAwroteALegalAResearch,AAnalysis,AandAWriting,AweAwereAconvincedAthatAstudentsAnee
dedAaAtextAthatAintegratedAresearch,Aanalysis,AandAwritingAskills.AWeAremainAconvincedAofAthat;Ather
efore,AourAbasicAapproachAtoAtheAsubjectAmatterAhasAnotAchanged.AHowever,AlegalAresearchAmaterial
sAandAtheAmethodsAofAdoingAlegalAresearchAhaveAchangedAconsiderablyAoverAtheApastAseveralAyears.A
TheAavailabilityAofAlegalAresourcesAthroughAtheAInternetAhasAtremendousAinfluenceAonAtheAwayAresea
rchAisAconducted.ANoAlongerAareAresearchersAconfinedAtoAaAlawAlibrary.ATheAwidespreadAuseAofAallAf
ormsAofAcomputerAassistedAlegalAresearchArequiresAthatAlegalAresearchersAdevelopAnewAskills.
However,AtheAlawAhasAnotAabandonedAtheAwrittenAwordAand,AasAanyAexperiencedAresearcherAknows,
AbooksAareAoftenApreferred.ATheAnewAskillsAthatAresearchersAmustAdevelop,Atherefore,AcannotAsuppla
ntAtraditionalAresearchAskills,AbutAmustAcomplementAthem.AAsAaAresult,AmostAchaptersAnowAcontainA
aAsectionAincorporatingAtheAavailabilityAofAlegalAresearchAmaterialsAonAtheAfreeAInternet.A WeAcontin
ueAtoAhaveAaAchapterAintroducingAWesttlaw,ALexisAAdvance,AandABloombergALaw,AasAwellAasAanAo
verviewAchapterAonAInternetAresearch.A WeAhaveAalsoArefinedAtheAuseAofAsampleApagesAfromAprintAre
sources.A SinceAlegalAwritingAcontinuesAtoAbeAaAsourceAofAconcern,AweAhaveAaddedAaAsectionAtoAeach
AchapterAprovidngAaAshortAwritingAexerciseAwithAsuggestedAsampleAanswersAfoundAinAanAAppendixAt
oAtheAtext.
Practical Approach
A
ThisAtextAassistsAtheAinstructorAinApresentingAmaterialAinAaApracticalAandArelevantAwa
y.AEachAchapterAopensAwithAaAshortAmemorandumAFromAtheADeskAofAW.AJ.
Bryan,AEsq.,AthatAcontainsAaAhypotheticalAfactualAsituationAtoAbeAresearchedAandA
analyzedAbyAaAfictionalAresearchAassociate.ATheAmemorandumAapproachAhelpsAto
AintroduceAtheAtopicAofAtheAchapterAandAtoAengageAtheAstudent’sAimagination.AEac
hAchapterAcontainsAfiguresAwithAsampleApagesAfromAprintAresources,AscreenAshots
AfromAonlineAsources,AorAexamplesAofAlegalAwritingAsoAasAtoAillustrateAtextAmateri
al.
OneAfeatureAatAtheAendAofAtheAchapter,ACanAYouAFigureAItAOut?,ArequiresAstudentsAto
AanswerAquestionsArelatedAtoAtheseAfigures.AFurthermore,AbecauseAlearningAtoAdoAlega
lAresearchArequiresAhands-
onAexperience,AatAtheAendAofAeachAchapterAareAresearch,Aanalysis,Acitation,AandAwriti
ngAexercises.AResearchAassignmentsAcanAbeAperformed
inAaAlibraryAor,AinAmanyAcases,Aonline.A(AnswersAtoAmostAofAtheseAexercisesAareAf
oundAinAanAInstructor’sAManual.)ASoAthatAstudentsAcanAbuildAconfidenceApriorAtoA
usingAaAlibraryAorAonlineAresource,AexercisesAareAfoundAinAaAchapterAendAfeature,A
TestAYourself.AAnswersAtoAselectedAresearchAproblemsAareAfoundAinAAppendixAGA
toAtheAtext.
EachAchapterAalsoAaddressesAimportantAwritingAissuesAinAend-of-
chapterAfeatures.ATestAYourselfAalsoAcontainsAaAsectionAentitledA“WriteAItARig
ht.”AHere
studentsAfindAaAwritingAassignmentAprecededAbyAanAexplanationAandAexample.ASuggestedAans
wersAtoAtheAwritingAassignmentAareAgenerallyAprovidedAinAAppendixAG.
ThisAfeatureAcoversAaAvarietyAofAlegalAwritingAissues.
4
A A A A
for
Legal Research, Analysis, and Writing
A A A A
Sixth Edition
A
Joanne B. Hames
A A
DeAAnzaACollege
Yvonne Ekern A
SantaAClaraAUniversityALawASchool
BostonA ColumbusA IndianapolisA NewAYorkA SanAFrancisco
AmsterdamA CapeATownA DubaiA LondonA MadridA MilanA MunichA ParisA MontrealA TorontoA
DelhiA MexicoACityA SaoAPauloA SydneyA HongAKongA SeoulA SingaporeA TaipeiA Tokyo
1
, ISBN-13:A 978-0-13-455984-1
ISBN-10: 0-13-455984-3
Table of Contents
A A
ToAtheAInstructor iv
Syllabi ix
ChapterA1:AIntroductionAtoALegalAResearch,AWritingAandAAnalysis 1
ChapterA2:ATheAStartingAPoint:AAnalyzingAFactsAandAIdentifyingALegalAIssues 7
ChapterA3:AFindingAandAAnalyzingACaseALaw 12
ChapterA4:AHowAtoAReadAandASummarizeAaACaseALawADecision 20
ChapterA5:AConstitutions,AStatutes,AandAAdministrativeARegulations 27
ChapterA6:AStatutoryAandAConstitutionalAAnalysis 40
ChapterA7:ASecondaryASources 48
ChapterA8:ADigests 58
ChapterA9:AValidatingAYourAResearch:AUsingAShepards,AKeyciteAandAotherACitators 65
ChapterA10:AIntroductionAtoALexisAAdvance,AWestlaw,A&ABloombergALaw 75
ChapterA11:AComputer-
AssistedALegalAResearchA(CALR):ATheAFreelyAAccessibleAInternetA 81AChapterA12:ABasicALe
galAWritingATools 86
ChapterA13:ATheAMemorandumAofALaw:APredictiveALegalAWriting 90
ChapterA14:AWritingAtoAtheACourt:APersuasiveAWriting 95
ChapterA15:AMotionAPractice:AResearchAandAWritingAIssues 100
ChapterA16:ALegalACorrespondence 104
2
,Testbank 123
3
, ToAtheAInstructor
TheASixthAEditionAofALegalAResearch,AAnalysis,AandAWriting
WhenAweAfirstAwroteALegalAResearch,AAnalysis,AandAWriting,AweAwereAconvincedAthatAstudentsAnee
dedAaAtextAthatAintegratedAresearch,Aanalysis,AandAwritingAskills.AWeAremainAconvincedAofAthat;Ather
efore,AourAbasicAapproachAtoAtheAsubjectAmatterAhasAnotAchanged.AHowever,AlegalAresearchAmaterial
sAandAtheAmethodsAofAdoingAlegalAresearchAhaveAchangedAconsiderablyAoverAtheApastAseveralAyears.A
TheAavailabilityAofAlegalAresourcesAthroughAtheAInternetAhasAtremendousAinfluenceAonAtheAwayAresea
rchAisAconducted.ANoAlongerAareAresearchersAconfinedAtoAaAlawAlibrary.ATheAwidespreadAuseAofAallAf
ormsAofAcomputerAassistedAlegalAresearchArequiresAthatAlegalAresearchersAdevelopAnewAskills.
However,AtheAlawAhasAnotAabandonedAtheAwrittenAwordAand,AasAanyAexperiencedAresearcherAknows,
AbooksAareAoftenApreferred.ATheAnewAskillsAthatAresearchersAmustAdevelop,Atherefore,AcannotAsuppla
ntAtraditionalAresearchAskills,AbutAmustAcomplementAthem.AAsAaAresult,AmostAchaptersAnowAcontainA
aAsectionAincorporatingAtheAavailabilityAofAlegalAresearchAmaterialsAonAtheAfreeAInternet.A WeAcontin
ueAtoAhaveAaAchapterAintroducingAWesttlaw,ALexisAAdvance,AandABloombergALaw,AasAwellAasAanAo
verviewAchapterAonAInternetAresearch.A WeAhaveAalsoArefinedAtheAuseAofAsampleApagesAfromAprintAre
sources.A SinceAlegalAwritingAcontinuesAtoAbeAaAsourceAofAconcern,AweAhaveAaddedAaAsectionAtoAeach
AchapterAprovidngAaAshortAwritingAexerciseAwithAsuggestedAsampleAanswersAfoundAinAanAAppendixAt
oAtheAtext.
Practical Approach
A
ThisAtextAassistsAtheAinstructorAinApresentingAmaterialAinAaApracticalAandArelevantAwa
y.AEachAchapterAopensAwithAaAshortAmemorandumAFromAtheADeskAofAW.AJ.
Bryan,AEsq.,AthatAcontainsAaAhypotheticalAfactualAsituationAtoAbeAresearchedAandA
analyzedAbyAaAfictionalAresearchAassociate.ATheAmemorandumAapproachAhelpsAto
AintroduceAtheAtopicAofAtheAchapterAandAtoAengageAtheAstudent’sAimagination.AEac
hAchapterAcontainsAfiguresAwithAsampleApagesAfromAprintAresources,AscreenAshots
AfromAonlineAsources,AorAexamplesAofAlegalAwritingAsoAasAtoAillustrateAtextAmateri
al.
OneAfeatureAatAtheAendAofAtheAchapter,ACanAYouAFigureAItAOut?,ArequiresAstudentsAto
AanswerAquestionsArelatedAtoAtheseAfigures.AFurthermore,AbecauseAlearningAtoAdoAlega
lAresearchArequiresAhands-
onAexperience,AatAtheAendAofAeachAchapterAareAresearch,Aanalysis,Acitation,AandAwriti
ngAexercises.AResearchAassignmentsAcanAbeAperformed
inAaAlibraryAor,AinAmanyAcases,Aonline.A(AnswersAtoAmostAofAtheseAexercisesAareAf
oundAinAanAInstructor’sAManual.)ASoAthatAstudentsAcanAbuildAconfidenceApriorAtoA
usingAaAlibraryAorAonlineAresource,AexercisesAareAfoundAinAaAchapterAendAfeature,A
TestAYourself.AAnswersAtoAselectedAresearchAproblemsAareAfoundAinAAppendixAGA
toAtheAtext.
EachAchapterAalsoAaddressesAimportantAwritingAissuesAinAend-of-
chapterAfeatures.ATestAYourselfAalsoAcontainsAaAsectionAentitledA“WriteAItARig
ht.”AHere
studentsAfindAaAwritingAassignmentAprecededAbyAanAexplanationAandAexample.ASuggestedAans
wersAtoAtheAwritingAassignmentAareAgenerallyAprovidedAinAAppendixAG.
ThisAfeatureAcoversAaAvarietyAofAlegalAwritingAissues.
4
