BIO 133 EXAM 1&2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Making specific observations that allow you to reach a generalized conclusion. Follows
the more usual definition of scientific method
"The chair in the room, the dining room, and bedroom is red. Therefore all the chairs in
the house are red." - Answer -Inductive Reasoning
Making general conclusions that allow you to reach a specific conclusion. Using past
experience to form a specific experience right now.
"It is dangerous to drive on icy streets. The streets are icy now so it is dangerous to
drive now." - Answer -Deductive Reasoning
Variable manipulated by the scientist - Answer -Independent Variable
Outcome measured as a result of the variable manipulated by the scientist - Answer -
Dependent Variable
A clear, concise statement proposed by the scientist that suggests an explanation for
the experiment as well as clearly states the relationship between independent and
dependent variables - Answer -Hypothesis
Small, membrane enclosed structures
- Vary in size, shape, and length
- Diverse in chemical requirements
- Undergo division to create copies of themselves - Answer -Cell
Why are viruses not alive? - Answer -They cannot self replicate and must have a host.
What are genes comprised of? - Answer -DNA
What is the central dogma? - Answer -DNA is converted to RNA through transcription
which is then encoded in a protein via translation.
programming that controls how cells behave - Answer -Genes
Single cell or multicellular structures that reproduce through division and have no
nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. They reproduce through division, are
spherical, rod-like or corkscrew, have a tough protective coat, and evolve rapidly. They
thrive in a variety of habitats - aerobic or anaerobic. - Answer -Prokaryote
Single cell or multicellular organisms that can be big or small. They do contain nuclei
and membrane bound organelles - Answer -Eukaryote
, Stores all the genetic information. Most prominent organelle in the cell. Houses the DNA
in the form of chromosomes - Answer -Nucleus
Powerhouse of the cell. Contains its own DNA and undergoes division (result of
endosymbiosis). Harnesses energy from the oxidation of food molecules into ATP -
Answer -Mitochondria
Large, green organelles found in algae in plants essential for capturing energy from
sunlight. They also undergo division and are thought to have evolved from bacteria. -
Answer -Chloroplasts
Responsible for folding of protein molecules and transport of synthesized proteins to the
Golgi apparatus - Answer -Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Modifies proteins synthesized by the ER which are then packaged into vesicles that
fuse with the organelle - Answer -Golgi apparatus
Responsible for intracellular digestion - Answer -Lysosomes
Uses hydrogen peroxide to inactivate toxic molecules - Answer -Peroxisomes
Transports materials between organelles and outside the cell - Answer -Transport
Vesicles
Transport into the cell - Answer -Endocytosis
Transport out of the cell - Answer -Exocytosis
Intracellular fluid found inside the cell but not within cellular organelles. The largest
single department is the site of fundamental chemical reactions - Answer -Cytosol
Responsible for structure and cellular movements within the cell. Promotes internal
organization through three major filaments (actin, microtubules, and intermediates)
which are the tracks for the motor proteins that carry the cargo around.' - Answer -
Cytoskeleton
Who coined the term cell and when? - Answer -Robert Hooke, 1665
What does the cell theory predict? - Answer -All living cells will arise from growth and
division of other cells. They will also inherit many of the characteristics of the parent
cells
An orderly sequence of events in which the cell duplicates its contents and then divides
- Answer -Cell Cycle
Making specific observations that allow you to reach a generalized conclusion. Follows
the more usual definition of scientific method
"The chair in the room, the dining room, and bedroom is red. Therefore all the chairs in
the house are red." - Answer -Inductive Reasoning
Making general conclusions that allow you to reach a specific conclusion. Using past
experience to form a specific experience right now.
"It is dangerous to drive on icy streets. The streets are icy now so it is dangerous to
drive now." - Answer -Deductive Reasoning
Variable manipulated by the scientist - Answer -Independent Variable
Outcome measured as a result of the variable manipulated by the scientist - Answer -
Dependent Variable
A clear, concise statement proposed by the scientist that suggests an explanation for
the experiment as well as clearly states the relationship between independent and
dependent variables - Answer -Hypothesis
Small, membrane enclosed structures
- Vary in size, shape, and length
- Diverse in chemical requirements
- Undergo division to create copies of themselves - Answer -Cell
Why are viruses not alive? - Answer -They cannot self replicate and must have a host.
What are genes comprised of? - Answer -DNA
What is the central dogma? - Answer -DNA is converted to RNA through transcription
which is then encoded in a protein via translation.
programming that controls how cells behave - Answer -Genes
Single cell or multicellular structures that reproduce through division and have no
nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. They reproduce through division, are
spherical, rod-like or corkscrew, have a tough protective coat, and evolve rapidly. They
thrive in a variety of habitats - aerobic or anaerobic. - Answer -Prokaryote
Single cell or multicellular organisms that can be big or small. They do contain nuclei
and membrane bound organelles - Answer -Eukaryote
, Stores all the genetic information. Most prominent organelle in the cell. Houses the DNA
in the form of chromosomes - Answer -Nucleus
Powerhouse of the cell. Contains its own DNA and undergoes division (result of
endosymbiosis). Harnesses energy from the oxidation of food molecules into ATP -
Answer -Mitochondria
Large, green organelles found in algae in plants essential for capturing energy from
sunlight. They also undergo division and are thought to have evolved from bacteria. -
Answer -Chloroplasts
Responsible for folding of protein molecules and transport of synthesized proteins to the
Golgi apparatus - Answer -Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Modifies proteins synthesized by the ER which are then packaged into vesicles that
fuse with the organelle - Answer -Golgi apparatus
Responsible for intracellular digestion - Answer -Lysosomes
Uses hydrogen peroxide to inactivate toxic molecules - Answer -Peroxisomes
Transports materials between organelles and outside the cell - Answer -Transport
Vesicles
Transport into the cell - Answer -Endocytosis
Transport out of the cell - Answer -Exocytosis
Intracellular fluid found inside the cell but not within cellular organelles. The largest
single department is the site of fundamental chemical reactions - Answer -Cytosol
Responsible for structure and cellular movements within the cell. Promotes internal
organization through three major filaments (actin, microtubules, and intermediates)
which are the tracks for the motor proteins that carry the cargo around.' - Answer -
Cytoskeleton
Who coined the term cell and when? - Answer -Robert Hooke, 1665
What does the cell theory predict? - Answer -All living cells will arise from growth and
division of other cells. They will also inherit many of the characteristics of the parent
cells
An orderly sequence of events in which the cell duplicates its contents and then divides
- Answer -Cell Cycle
