BSNC 1000 FINAL MODULE 8 -Inflammation Questions and Answers
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Terms in this set (122)
- Defense against tissue injury, infection, or allergy, and the body's reaction to injury,
irritation, or infection.
- an automatic (universal response), nonspecific response cell injury intended to:
Inflammation
1. remove dead tissue
2. neutralizes the harmful agents
3. prepares the injured tissue for healing (repair)
Scope of Inflammation No inflammation to Active inflammation - Acute/Chronic or Localized/Systemic
Is inflammation random? No, it is not random. Chemical signals controls it.
- Immediate response to tissue injury
-Neutrophils
- triggered by noxious stimuli (e.g., infection, tissue injury)
- rapid in onset (e.g., minutes)
Acute inflammation - short in duration (e.g., minutes to days)
- characterized by the exudation of fluid and plasma proteins and emigration of
leukocytes
- self-limiting
- normal response
• Vascular changes (Affect BV in the area)
• Action of inflammatory mediators (chemical signals)
What does Acute Inflammation involve?
• Infiltration of tissue by white blood cells (Macrophages, Neutrophils, and Mast
Cells.)
1. Damaged cells release inflammatory mediators (release signals, depends on type).
2a. Local Responses
How do the Acute inflammatory response? - Vascular stage (changes in BV) or Cellular state (change in # of WBC)
2.b. Systemic (whole body) responses (brain controls)
- White blood cell response or Acute-phase response
Formation of a granuloma
Localized chronic inflammation
- Accumulation of macrophages, fibroblasts, and collagen
, Result from many diseases or may be the consequences of disease processes,
Systemic chronic inflammation
including autoimmune disease.
- Whole body
Systemic Response
Neutrophilia, fever, malaise, loss of appetite, and muscle catabolism.
-Maybe a complication of the inflammatory process, or it may be a consequence of
a disease.
- May also change the structure of the tissue and cause functional changes.
-Lymphocytes and Macrophages (accumulate in the damaged area and keep
releasing inflammatory mediators)
Chronic inflammation - longer in duration (e.g., days to years)
- associated with proliferation of blood vessels (angiogenesis, tissue necrosis, and
fibrosis)
- asymptomatic
- self-perpetuating
- macrophages wall off the area to isolate the infection
- Mediated by chemical substances released by leucocytes.
-Macrophages release cytokine
Acute phase response
innate immune response that occurs soon after the start of an infection and involves
the synthesis of acute-phase proteins by the liver and their secretion into the blood
-Brain: affects CNS, causes: fever, fatigue, malaise, appetite depression, sleepiness
and shivering.
what does cytokine in Acute phase
- Bone Marrow: Neurophilla - leukocytosis
response do? And what are the 4 things
- Skeletal Muscle: Muscle catabolism leading to the amino acid release and muscle
that it acts on?
wasting.
- Liver
Liver makes fibrinogen and C-reactive protein that facilitate clotting, bind to
Hepatic acute phase response
pathogens, and moderate inflammatory responses.
WBC accumulation at site of inflammation (Deal with injury and Key to initiating the
“Walling off” during chronic inflammation
building of a "Wall" & isolates the inflamed tissue/infection)
- low-grade, persistent infections or irritants that are unable to penetrate deeply or
spread rapidly
- viruses
Causes of chronic inflammation
- bacteria
- cancers
- diseases that cause excessive or inappropriate activation of the immune system
Often contain that threat when acute inflammation falls, may also change the
Effects of chronic inflammation
structure of the tissue and cause functional problems.
Leave the first rating
Students also studied
Terms in this set (122)
- Defense against tissue injury, infection, or allergy, and the body's reaction to injury,
irritation, or infection.
- an automatic (universal response), nonspecific response cell injury intended to:
Inflammation
1. remove dead tissue
2. neutralizes the harmful agents
3. prepares the injured tissue for healing (repair)
Scope of Inflammation No inflammation to Active inflammation - Acute/Chronic or Localized/Systemic
Is inflammation random? No, it is not random. Chemical signals controls it.
- Immediate response to tissue injury
-Neutrophils
- triggered by noxious stimuli (e.g., infection, tissue injury)
- rapid in onset (e.g., minutes)
Acute inflammation - short in duration (e.g., minutes to days)
- characterized by the exudation of fluid and plasma proteins and emigration of
leukocytes
- self-limiting
- normal response
• Vascular changes (Affect BV in the area)
• Action of inflammatory mediators (chemical signals)
What does Acute Inflammation involve?
• Infiltration of tissue by white blood cells (Macrophages, Neutrophils, and Mast
Cells.)
1. Damaged cells release inflammatory mediators (release signals, depends on type).
2a. Local Responses
How do the Acute inflammatory response? - Vascular stage (changes in BV) or Cellular state (change in # of WBC)
2.b. Systemic (whole body) responses (brain controls)
- White blood cell response or Acute-phase response
Formation of a granuloma
Localized chronic inflammation
- Accumulation of macrophages, fibroblasts, and collagen
, Result from many diseases or may be the consequences of disease processes,
Systemic chronic inflammation
including autoimmune disease.
- Whole body
Systemic Response
Neutrophilia, fever, malaise, loss of appetite, and muscle catabolism.
-Maybe a complication of the inflammatory process, or it may be a consequence of
a disease.
- May also change the structure of the tissue and cause functional changes.
-Lymphocytes and Macrophages (accumulate in the damaged area and keep
releasing inflammatory mediators)
Chronic inflammation - longer in duration (e.g., days to years)
- associated with proliferation of blood vessels (angiogenesis, tissue necrosis, and
fibrosis)
- asymptomatic
- self-perpetuating
- macrophages wall off the area to isolate the infection
- Mediated by chemical substances released by leucocytes.
-Macrophages release cytokine
Acute phase response
innate immune response that occurs soon after the start of an infection and involves
the synthesis of acute-phase proteins by the liver and their secretion into the blood
-Brain: affects CNS, causes: fever, fatigue, malaise, appetite depression, sleepiness
and shivering.
what does cytokine in Acute phase
- Bone Marrow: Neurophilla - leukocytosis
response do? And what are the 4 things
- Skeletal Muscle: Muscle catabolism leading to the amino acid release and muscle
that it acts on?
wasting.
- Liver
Liver makes fibrinogen and C-reactive protein that facilitate clotting, bind to
Hepatic acute phase response
pathogens, and moderate inflammatory responses.
WBC accumulation at site of inflammation (Deal with injury and Key to initiating the
“Walling off” during chronic inflammation
building of a "Wall" & isolates the inflamed tissue/infection)
- low-grade, persistent infections or irritants that are unable to penetrate deeply or
spread rapidly
- viruses
Causes of chronic inflammation
- bacteria
- cancers
- diseases that cause excessive or inappropriate activation of the immune system
Often contain that threat when acute inflammation falls, may also change the
Effects of chronic inflammation
structure of the tissue and cause functional problems.
