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HEMODIALYSIS TEST QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
Acute renal failure Ans: Sudden onset: illness, injury or toxin. May be
temporary.
Chronic. Kidney disease Ans: Long slow process, destruction of
nephrons, may not be symptomatic until advanced stage. ESRD
ESRD Ans: End Stage Renal Disease, glomerular filtration rate
decreased to 10% of normal. Complete and irreversable.
Air embolism Ans: When air enters the bloodstream, and is carried to a
vessel small enough to be blocked. Can be fatal.
Alum Ans: Aluminum compound added to city water to make the water
clearer, can build up in HD pts, causing ARBD
ARBD Ans: Aluminum-Related Bone Disease, caused by prolonged
aluminum exposure in diaysis water, cookware, and medications.
Symptoms: deep bone pain, muscle weakness, fractures.
Amyloidosis Ans: Build up of beta2-microglobulin. A starch-like protein
that is removed by healthy kidneys. Builds up in joints, bones, tissues of
some pts. Symptoms: arthritis-like joint pain, bone pain. Can be
prevented/treated with high-flux dialysers.
Albumin Ans: Blood protein that regulates osmotic pressure. Low serum
levals <3.5 g/dL indicates malnutrition. Is common in HD pts, increased
risk of death.
Anaphylaxis Ans: Severe reaction to allergen. Symptoms: have, itching,
wheezing. May devolp into anyphylactic shock : hypotension, cardiac
arrhythmia/arrest, throat swelling, can be life threatning.
Anastomosis Ans: Another name for a surgical connection, such as AVF.
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Anemia Ans: Shortage of RBC's. Common in pts, caused by:
insuffinceient erythropoietin, iron deficiency, blood loss. RBC's carry
oxygen to all cells in body. Symptoms: fatigue, cardiac disorders,
difficulty concentrating, reduced immmune funtion, etc. Is treated with
EPOGEN.
Angioplasty Ans: Procedure where a balloon is threaded through a blood
vessel, and inflated to dialate areas of stenosis
Anterograde Ans: Means with the direction of flow (away from the
anastomosis). Aterial needle can be placed EITHER anterograde or
retrograde.
Anticoagulant Ans: Heparin is a blood thinner used to prevent blood
clots in circuit.
Arterial pressure Ans: Is measured as a negative pressure between the
arterial access and the blood pump. Is read as negative d/t the blood
being pulled from the pt. by the pump
AVF Ans: Arteriovenous Fistula. A surgical connection of an artery and a
vein. Created in 1966 by Dr. James Cimino and Dr. James Brescia. Is
used as an access point for HD, can withstand repeated punctures of HD
needles, and rapid BFR's
Artery Ans: A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the
heart, to every part of the body.
Ascites Ans: Caused by liver damage, heart failure, malnutrition. Is a
buildup of fluid in the abdomen.
Asepsis Ans: Absence of disease-producing microorganisms.
Accomplished by disinfection, maintaining equipment, using aseptic
technique for invasive procedures.
AAMI Ans: Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumention.
Develops voluntary standards for various aspects of treatmen, max levals
of water contamination, methods of dialyzer reporocessing.
HEMODIALYSIS TEST QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
Acute renal failure Ans: Sudden onset: illness, injury or toxin. May be
temporary.
Chronic. Kidney disease Ans: Long slow process, destruction of
nephrons, may not be symptomatic until advanced stage. ESRD
ESRD Ans: End Stage Renal Disease, glomerular filtration rate
decreased to 10% of normal. Complete and irreversable.
Air embolism Ans: When air enters the bloodstream, and is carried to a
vessel small enough to be blocked. Can be fatal.
Alum Ans: Aluminum compound added to city water to make the water
clearer, can build up in HD pts, causing ARBD
ARBD Ans: Aluminum-Related Bone Disease, caused by prolonged
aluminum exposure in diaysis water, cookware, and medications.
Symptoms: deep bone pain, muscle weakness, fractures.
Amyloidosis Ans: Build up of beta2-microglobulin. A starch-like protein
that is removed by healthy kidneys. Builds up in joints, bones, tissues of
some pts. Symptoms: arthritis-like joint pain, bone pain. Can be
prevented/treated with high-flux dialysers.
Albumin Ans: Blood protein that regulates osmotic pressure. Low serum
levals <3.5 g/dL indicates malnutrition. Is common in HD pts, increased
risk of death.
Anaphylaxis Ans: Severe reaction to allergen. Symptoms: have, itching,
wheezing. May devolp into anyphylactic shock : hypotension, cardiac
arrhythmia/arrest, throat swelling, can be life threatning.
Anastomosis Ans: Another name for a surgical connection, such as AVF.
, Page | 2
Anemia Ans: Shortage of RBC's. Common in pts, caused by:
insuffinceient erythropoietin, iron deficiency, blood loss. RBC's carry
oxygen to all cells in body. Symptoms: fatigue, cardiac disorders,
difficulty concentrating, reduced immmune funtion, etc. Is treated with
EPOGEN.
Angioplasty Ans: Procedure where a balloon is threaded through a blood
vessel, and inflated to dialate areas of stenosis
Anterograde Ans: Means with the direction of flow (away from the
anastomosis). Aterial needle can be placed EITHER anterograde or
retrograde.
Anticoagulant Ans: Heparin is a blood thinner used to prevent blood
clots in circuit.
Arterial pressure Ans: Is measured as a negative pressure between the
arterial access and the blood pump. Is read as negative d/t the blood
being pulled from the pt. by the pump
AVF Ans: Arteriovenous Fistula. A surgical connection of an artery and a
vein. Created in 1966 by Dr. James Cimino and Dr. James Brescia. Is
used as an access point for HD, can withstand repeated punctures of HD
needles, and rapid BFR's
Artery Ans: A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the
heart, to every part of the body.
Ascites Ans: Caused by liver damage, heart failure, malnutrition. Is a
buildup of fluid in the abdomen.
Asepsis Ans: Absence of disease-producing microorganisms.
Accomplished by disinfection, maintaining equipment, using aseptic
technique for invasive procedures.
AAMI Ans: Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumention.
Develops voluntary standards for various aspects of treatmen, max levals
of water contamination, methods of dialyzer reporocessing.
