NUR 265 Health assessment (exam 3)
Study Guide Questions and Answers
with Complete Solutions
solid organs of the abdomen - ANSWERS -Liver
-Pancreas
-Spleen
-Kidneys
-Adrenal glands
-Ovaries
-Uterus
Hollow organs in the abdomen - ANSWERS -Stomach
-Gallbladder
-Small intestine
-Colon
-Bladder
health history questions for abdominal assessment - ANSWERS - appetite
- medications
- dysphagia
- abdominal pain
- nausea/vomiting
,- bowel habits
- abd hx (gi problems, surgery, hernia, etc)
- nutritional assessment
Abdominal health history: infants and children - ANSWERS -Breast or bottle
feeding
-Table foods
-Feeding/Eating schedule
-Constipation
-Abdominal pain
-Overweight/ Underweight? How long?
abdominal health history: adolescents - ANSWERS -Regular meals?
•How many calories
-Exercise
-Body Image
-Weight
abdominal health history: aging adult - ANSWERS •How do you get
groceries/prepare meals?
•Eat alone ?
•24-hour Recall
•Dysphagia?
•Condition of teeth
•Bowel movements
,abdominal exam sequence - ANSWERS 1. Inspection
2. Auscultation
3. Percussion
4. Palpation
how should your patient be positioned for an abdominal assessment? -
ANSWERS - supine w/ head on a pillow
- knees bent with pillow under knees
- Arms at Sides or Across Chest (NOT Overhead)
- ASK about PAINFUL AREAS & Assess them LAST (Avoid Guarding)
- Use DISTRACTION (Enhance Muscle Relaxation) -- Breathing Exercises, Imagery,
Conversation, etc
Abdominal inspection: contour/symmetry - ANSWERS •Symmetrical w/
Rounded Contour & Sunken Umbilicus
•Inverted or Everted w/ Pregnancy, Tumor, Ascites
- contour reflects nutritional state
abnormal contour of abdomen - ANSWERS -Scaphoid - CAVEs In (Under-
Nourished)
-Protuberant = Abd Distension
Abdominal inspection: distention - ANSWERS •Skin will Appear Taut
, -Normal w/Pregnancy - Abnormal w/ Gas or Fluid Retention or Bowel Obstruction
Abdominal inspection: skin - ANSWERS -Smooth, Color Consistent with
Ethnicity (Not As Much Sun Exposure)
-May See Striae (Normal in Pregnancy)
-Document Surgical Scars: Get More Details of Surgical Procedure
- even hair distribution
Abdominal inspection: pulsation or movement - ANSWERS -May See
Peristalsis & Aortic Pulsations on Very Thin Client
-Usually See NONE
-Abnormal Pulsation - HTN, Aortic Aneurysm
-Abnormal Peristalsis w/ Distended Abdomen = Obstruction
Abdominal inspection: hernias and muscle separation - ANSWERS •In Babies,
an Umbilical can Occur with Crying
- Diastasis Recti can occur with pregnancy or excess weight gain
umbilical hernia - ANSWERS •Protrusion of Intestines thru a Weakness in Abd
Wall or Incomplete Closure in Umbilical Ring
-Common in Premies -- Most Resolve by 1 yr (or Surgery to Repair)
-Seen w/ Crying, Coughing, Increased Intra-Abdominal Pressure
Epigastric hernia - ANSWERS •Located Midline Epigastrium
Study Guide Questions and Answers
with Complete Solutions
solid organs of the abdomen - ANSWERS -Liver
-Pancreas
-Spleen
-Kidneys
-Adrenal glands
-Ovaries
-Uterus
Hollow organs in the abdomen - ANSWERS -Stomach
-Gallbladder
-Small intestine
-Colon
-Bladder
health history questions for abdominal assessment - ANSWERS - appetite
- medications
- dysphagia
- abdominal pain
- nausea/vomiting
,- bowel habits
- abd hx (gi problems, surgery, hernia, etc)
- nutritional assessment
Abdominal health history: infants and children - ANSWERS -Breast or bottle
feeding
-Table foods
-Feeding/Eating schedule
-Constipation
-Abdominal pain
-Overweight/ Underweight? How long?
abdominal health history: adolescents - ANSWERS -Regular meals?
•How many calories
-Exercise
-Body Image
-Weight
abdominal health history: aging adult - ANSWERS •How do you get
groceries/prepare meals?
•Eat alone ?
•24-hour Recall
•Dysphagia?
•Condition of teeth
•Bowel movements
,abdominal exam sequence - ANSWERS 1. Inspection
2. Auscultation
3. Percussion
4. Palpation
how should your patient be positioned for an abdominal assessment? -
ANSWERS - supine w/ head on a pillow
- knees bent with pillow under knees
- Arms at Sides or Across Chest (NOT Overhead)
- ASK about PAINFUL AREAS & Assess them LAST (Avoid Guarding)
- Use DISTRACTION (Enhance Muscle Relaxation) -- Breathing Exercises, Imagery,
Conversation, etc
Abdominal inspection: contour/symmetry - ANSWERS •Symmetrical w/
Rounded Contour & Sunken Umbilicus
•Inverted or Everted w/ Pregnancy, Tumor, Ascites
- contour reflects nutritional state
abnormal contour of abdomen - ANSWERS -Scaphoid - CAVEs In (Under-
Nourished)
-Protuberant = Abd Distension
Abdominal inspection: distention - ANSWERS •Skin will Appear Taut
, -Normal w/Pregnancy - Abnormal w/ Gas or Fluid Retention or Bowel Obstruction
Abdominal inspection: skin - ANSWERS -Smooth, Color Consistent with
Ethnicity (Not As Much Sun Exposure)
-May See Striae (Normal in Pregnancy)
-Document Surgical Scars: Get More Details of Surgical Procedure
- even hair distribution
Abdominal inspection: pulsation or movement - ANSWERS -May See
Peristalsis & Aortic Pulsations on Very Thin Client
-Usually See NONE
-Abnormal Pulsation - HTN, Aortic Aneurysm
-Abnormal Peristalsis w/ Distended Abdomen = Obstruction
Abdominal inspection: hernias and muscle separation - ANSWERS •In Babies,
an Umbilical can Occur with Crying
- Diastasis Recti can occur with pregnancy or excess weight gain
umbilical hernia - ANSWERS •Protrusion of Intestines thru a Weakness in Abd
Wall or Incomplete Closure in Umbilical Ring
-Common in Premies -- Most Resolve by 1 yr (or Surgery to Repair)
-Seen w/ Crying, Coughing, Increased Intra-Abdominal Pressure
Epigastric hernia - ANSWERS •Located Midline Epigastrium
