1|Page
BIOD 121 Final Exam Newest 2025 with
accurate and verified questions covering
essential concepts in human nutrition,
macronutrients, micronutrients, digestion,
metabolism, and dietary guidelines.
The disaccharide in the accompanying figure is ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ lactose
The scientific name of an organism is composed of two
names. The first part identifies the ____ while the second
part designates the ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ genus;
species
The surface receptors that recognize and bind signaling
molecules are ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
glycoproteins
Individuals with extra or missing copies of one or more
chromosomes are called ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
aneuploids
,2|Page
The microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of an animal
cell is an identifiable structure known as the ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ centrosome
Alzheimer disease has been shown to be related to
____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ decreased brain
metabolism
In meiosis, sister chromatids ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ separate during anaphase II
DNA transposons move using a(n) ____ intermediate
while retrotransposons move using a(n) ____
intermediate. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ DNA; RNA
Variations in pre-mRNA processing, such as in ____, can
determine which ____ are made in cells. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ alternative splicing; proteins
When a molecule is reduced, it ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ gains electrons
,3|Page
The 5' end of pre-mRNA is modified by the addition of
____, where ribosomes will attach at the start of
translation. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ a guanine cap
Small circles of DNA that occur in bacteria in addition to
the main circular chromosomal DNA molecule are called
____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ plasmids
Microtubules are assembled from ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ tubulin
The final product of glycolysis is ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ pyruvate
The daughter cells produced by meiosis are ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ genetically different from the
parent and each other
If a cell has 36 chromosomes at the beginning of G1,
how many chromosomes will be present at the end of
G2? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ 36
What is the optimum pH of most enzymes? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ 7
, 4|Page
During prophase I of meiosis, each chromosome consists
of ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ two sister chromatids
Which genetic condition has an X-linked recessive
inheritance pattern? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Duchenne
muscular dystrophy
Researchers have determined that the growth of
hormone-responsive breast cancer cells depends upon
____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the relative concentrations
of ERα and ERβ in the tumor cells
The nucleoli, found within the nucleus, are the sites of
____ synthesis. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ ribosomal subunit
Plant cells grow primarily by increasing ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ pressure and volume of the central
vacuole
Except for the stop codons, the codons in the genetic
code specify which of the ____ amino acids will be
added to a growing polypeptide chain. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ 20
BIOD 121 Final Exam Newest 2025 with
accurate and verified questions covering
essential concepts in human nutrition,
macronutrients, micronutrients, digestion,
metabolism, and dietary guidelines.
The disaccharide in the accompanying figure is ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ lactose
The scientific name of an organism is composed of two
names. The first part identifies the ____ while the second
part designates the ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ genus;
species
The surface receptors that recognize and bind signaling
molecules are ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
glycoproteins
Individuals with extra or missing copies of one or more
chromosomes are called ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
aneuploids
,2|Page
The microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of an animal
cell is an identifiable structure known as the ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ centrosome
Alzheimer disease has been shown to be related to
____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ decreased brain
metabolism
In meiosis, sister chromatids ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ separate during anaphase II
DNA transposons move using a(n) ____ intermediate
while retrotransposons move using a(n) ____
intermediate. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ DNA; RNA
Variations in pre-mRNA processing, such as in ____, can
determine which ____ are made in cells. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ alternative splicing; proteins
When a molecule is reduced, it ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ gains electrons
,3|Page
The 5' end of pre-mRNA is modified by the addition of
____, where ribosomes will attach at the start of
translation. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ a guanine cap
Small circles of DNA that occur in bacteria in addition to
the main circular chromosomal DNA molecule are called
____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ plasmids
Microtubules are assembled from ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ tubulin
The final product of glycolysis is ____. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ pyruvate
The daughter cells produced by meiosis are ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ genetically different from the
parent and each other
If a cell has 36 chromosomes at the beginning of G1,
how many chromosomes will be present at the end of
G2? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ 36
What is the optimum pH of most enzymes? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ 7
, 4|Page
During prophase I of meiosis, each chromosome consists
of ____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ two sister chromatids
Which genetic condition has an X-linked recessive
inheritance pattern? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Duchenne
muscular dystrophy
Researchers have determined that the growth of
hormone-responsive breast cancer cells depends upon
____. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the relative concentrations
of ERα and ERβ in the tumor cells
The nucleoli, found within the nucleus, are the sites of
____ synthesis. - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ ribosomal subunit
Plant cells grow primarily by increasing ____. -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ pressure and volume of the central
vacuole
Except for the stop codons, the codons in the genetic
code specify which of the ____ amino acids will be
added to a growing polypeptide chain. - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ 20
