COMPLETE REVIEW GUIDE WITH
DETAILED SOLUTIONS 2026
⩥ autonomy versus shame/doubt stage. Answer: This stage involves a
child's journey toward independence and decision-making
⩥ trust versus mistrust stage. Answer: Infants learn to rely on caregivers
for their basic needs, fostering trust—while inconsistency in meeting
these needs can lead to mistrust, suspicion, and anxiety about their
environment.
⩥ object permanence. Answer: the understanding that something still
exists even though it cannot be seen or heard
⩥ sensorimotor stage. Answer: Infants (0-2 years old) explore through
senses and actions, developing an understanding of object permanence
and laying cognitive foundations
⩥ Cognitive Transition. Answer: The transition from the sensorimotor
stage to the preoperational stage is marked by mastery of object
permanence, recognition of themselves as separate from their
environment, and the realization that they can affect the objects and
people
,around them.
⩥ sensorimotor. Answer: Children know the world through movement
and their senses. They learn through grasping, sucking, looking,
and listening.
⩥ Social Transition to Autonomy - shame vs doubt. Answer: At about 18
months old, a child transitions from the crisis of trust-mistrust to the
crisis
of autonomy-shame/doubt. This transition is marked by the desire to
accomplish daily tasks by themselves. When children feel safe trying
tasks on their own, even though they may not yet be capable, they
move into the next stage.
⩥ Autonomy. Answer: Supporting children's independence without
overly controlling or criticizing allows them to develop feelings of
accomplishment
and responsibility.
⩥ Autonomy to initiative stage. Answer: Somewhere around age three, a
child transitions
from autonomy to initiative. This transition is marked by the desire to
assert control over the environment and by increased social, physical,
and cognitive exploration.
,⩥ Birth - 12 months. Answer: Erikson's PSYCHOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENT THEORY
TRUST vs.
MISTRUST • Provide love, care,
and food • Need comfort and
safety
⩥ Ages 1-3 years, Eriksons psychological development theory. Answer:
AUTONOMY vS.
SHAME & DOUBT
• "Me Do" stage • Need for
independence • Insist on doing things
on their own
• Dress myself
• Feed myself
⩥ Ages 3-6, eriksons psychological development. Answer: INITIATIVE
vS.
GUILT
• Exploration • Trying new things on
their own • Asking lots of
, questions
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⩥a1Birtha1-a1agea12,a1Piaget.a1Answer:a1SENSORIMOTOR
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• Sucking