Cardiovascular Pharmacology – Complete
Practice Exam (Questions 1–100)
1. Which class of drugs is the first-line therapy for chronic
hypertension?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Potassium-sparing diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Direct renin inhibitors
Thiazides are recommended first-line because they reduce blood
volume and peripheral vascular resistance with proven outcome
benefits.
2. Which beta-blocker is cardioselective?
A. Propranolol
B. Metoprolol
C. Nadolol
D. Timolol
Metoprolol selectively blocks β1 receptors, making it safer in asthma
and COPD.
3. Which medication can cause a dry, persistent cough due to
bradykinin accumulation?
A. ARBs
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Beta-blockers
,D. Calcium channel blockers
ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin, causing cough in some patients.
4. A major adverse effect of statins is:
A. Hypertension
B. Myopathy
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Visual disturbances
Statins may cause muscle aches or rhabdomyolysis due to impaired
muscle metabolism.
5. Which drug is preferred for acute angina relief?
A. Isosorbide mononitrate
B. Amlodipine
C. Sublingual nitroglycerin
D. Ranolazine
Sublingual nitroglycerin acts rapidly due to quick absorption, making
it ideal for acute attacks.
6. Which calcium channel blocker is primarily used for arrhythmias?
A. Amlodipine
B. Nifedipine
C. Verapamil
D. Felodipine
Verapamil (and diltiazem) affect cardiac conduction, making them
useful in arrhythmias.
, 7. Which drug is indicated for hypertensive emergency?
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Nitroprusside
C. Spironolactone
D. Digoxin
Nitroprusside provides immediate BP reduction through potent
arterial and venous dilation.
8. Which anticoagulant requires frequent INR monitoring?
A. Apixaban
B. Rivaroxaban
C. Warfarin
D. Dabigatran
Warfarin has variable metabolism and a narrow therapeutic window,
requiring INR checks.
9. Which drug is used to treat digoxin toxicity?
A. N-acetylcysteine
B. Atropine
C. Digoxin immune Fab
D. Protamine
Digoxin immune Fab binds digoxin, neutralizing its toxic effects.
10. Which agent reduces mortality in heart failure?
A. Verapamil
B. Furosemide
C. ACE inhibitors
Practice Exam (Questions 1–100)
1. Which class of drugs is the first-line therapy for chronic
hypertension?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Potassium-sparing diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Direct renin inhibitors
Thiazides are recommended first-line because they reduce blood
volume and peripheral vascular resistance with proven outcome
benefits.
2. Which beta-blocker is cardioselective?
A. Propranolol
B. Metoprolol
C. Nadolol
D. Timolol
Metoprolol selectively blocks β1 receptors, making it safer in asthma
and COPD.
3. Which medication can cause a dry, persistent cough due to
bradykinin accumulation?
A. ARBs
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Beta-blockers
,D. Calcium channel blockers
ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin, causing cough in some patients.
4. A major adverse effect of statins is:
A. Hypertension
B. Myopathy
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Visual disturbances
Statins may cause muscle aches or rhabdomyolysis due to impaired
muscle metabolism.
5. Which drug is preferred for acute angina relief?
A. Isosorbide mononitrate
B. Amlodipine
C. Sublingual nitroglycerin
D. Ranolazine
Sublingual nitroglycerin acts rapidly due to quick absorption, making
it ideal for acute attacks.
6. Which calcium channel blocker is primarily used for arrhythmias?
A. Amlodipine
B. Nifedipine
C. Verapamil
D. Felodipine
Verapamil (and diltiazem) affect cardiac conduction, making them
useful in arrhythmias.
, 7. Which drug is indicated for hypertensive emergency?
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Nitroprusside
C. Spironolactone
D. Digoxin
Nitroprusside provides immediate BP reduction through potent
arterial and venous dilation.
8. Which anticoagulant requires frequent INR monitoring?
A. Apixaban
B. Rivaroxaban
C. Warfarin
D. Dabigatran
Warfarin has variable metabolism and a narrow therapeutic window,
requiring INR checks.
9. Which drug is used to treat digoxin toxicity?
A. N-acetylcysteine
B. Atropine
C. Digoxin immune Fab
D. Protamine
Digoxin immune Fab binds digoxin, neutralizing its toxic effects.
10. Which agent reduces mortality in heart failure?
A. Verapamil
B. Furosemide
C. ACE inhibitors
