Topic :Manage Maternal Nutrition Condition
Learning Outcomes
• Nutrition requirements during
Pregnancy
• Nutrition interventions during
Pregnancy
• Management of complications
During pregnancy
• Nutrition requirements during
Lactation
• Breast positioning and attachment
Nutrition Requirements During Pregnancy
Proper nutrition during pregnancy is essential for the health of both the
mother and the developing fetus.
The body undergoes many physical and hormonal changes during this time,
increasing the need for energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals.
Key Nutrition Requirements:
1. Calories (Energy)
Purpose: To support fetal growth and maternal body changes.
Requirement:
1st trimester: No additional calories needed.
2nd trimester: +~340 kcal/day
3rd trimester: +~450 kcal/day
2. Protein
Purpose: For the development of fetal tissues (including the brain),
placenta, maternal tissues, and blood supply.
Requirement: ~70–75 grams per day
3. Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)
Purpose: Prevents neural tube defects (e.g., spina bifida).
, Requirement: 600 micrograms/day
Sources: Green leafy vegetables, fortified cereals, beans, citrus fruits,
supplements.
4. Iron
Purpose: Helps produce extra blood (hemoglobin) for the mother and baby;
prevents anemia.
Requirement: 27 mg/day
Sources: Red meat, lentils, spinach, iron-fortified foods, supplements (often
given during pregnancy).
5. Calcium
Purpose: Supports development of fetal bones and teeth; preserves
mother’s bone strength.
Requirement: 1000–1300 mg/day
Sources: Milk, yogurt, cheese, tofu, fortified plant milks, green vegetables.
6. Vitamin D
Purpose: Helps the body absorb calcium; important for bone and immune
health.
Requirement: 600 IU/day
Sources: Sunlight, fortified dairy, egg yolks, fatty fish.
7. Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Especially DHA)
Purpose: Important for fetal brain and eye development.
Requirement: 200–300 mg/day
Sources: Oily fish (like salmon), flaxseeds, walnuts, DHA-fortified eggs or
supplements.
8. Iodine
Purpose: Supports thyroid function and brain development.
Requirement: 220 mcg/day
Sources: Iodized salt, dairy, seafood, eggs.
9. Zinc
Learning Outcomes
• Nutrition requirements during
Pregnancy
• Nutrition interventions during
Pregnancy
• Management of complications
During pregnancy
• Nutrition requirements during
Lactation
• Breast positioning and attachment
Nutrition Requirements During Pregnancy
Proper nutrition during pregnancy is essential for the health of both the
mother and the developing fetus.
The body undergoes many physical and hormonal changes during this time,
increasing the need for energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals.
Key Nutrition Requirements:
1. Calories (Energy)
Purpose: To support fetal growth and maternal body changes.
Requirement:
1st trimester: No additional calories needed.
2nd trimester: +~340 kcal/day
3rd trimester: +~450 kcal/day
2. Protein
Purpose: For the development of fetal tissues (including the brain),
placenta, maternal tissues, and blood supply.
Requirement: ~70–75 grams per day
3. Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)
Purpose: Prevents neural tube defects (e.g., spina bifida).
, Requirement: 600 micrograms/day
Sources: Green leafy vegetables, fortified cereals, beans, citrus fruits,
supplements.
4. Iron
Purpose: Helps produce extra blood (hemoglobin) for the mother and baby;
prevents anemia.
Requirement: 27 mg/day
Sources: Red meat, lentils, spinach, iron-fortified foods, supplements (often
given during pregnancy).
5. Calcium
Purpose: Supports development of fetal bones and teeth; preserves
mother’s bone strength.
Requirement: 1000–1300 mg/day
Sources: Milk, yogurt, cheese, tofu, fortified plant milks, green vegetables.
6. Vitamin D
Purpose: Helps the body absorb calcium; important for bone and immune
health.
Requirement: 600 IU/day
Sources: Sunlight, fortified dairy, egg yolks, fatty fish.
7. Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Especially DHA)
Purpose: Important for fetal brain and eye development.
Requirement: 200–300 mg/day
Sources: Oily fish (like salmon), flaxseeds, walnuts, DHA-fortified eggs or
supplements.
8. Iodine
Purpose: Supports thyroid function and brain development.
Requirement: 220 mcg/day
Sources: Iodized salt, dairy, seafood, eggs.
9. Zinc
