WOMEN
2.4: Nazi Social Policy 1933 - 1939
Aims Evidence of Success Evidence of No Success
Reduce Female NSDAP Organisations Popular: National Socialist 1937 Goring's 4 Year Plan: Men leave
BACKGROUND employment + Womanhood (NSF) + German Woman's factories for conscription, women forced
reassert traditional Enterprise (DFW) / Mother's schools. Work well, to work for rearmament (Competing
The Volksgemeinschaft (The People’s Community) values. i.e. Clothes collections for Working Men. Women Ideologies: Volksgemeinschaft VS
Increase in employment drops: 1932 - 37%. 1937 - 31%. Rearmament). 1942: 52% women in
involvement in Nazi BUT, Post 1937 Increases due to war. 1937 - workforce.
What: 1920s Nazi Ideology, Creation of 'The People's Women - Employment Organisations. 5.7m, 1939 - 7.1m. 1933: Women in Civil
Community'. Focusses on Racism, Nationalism + Reduce Weimar Service/Medical Jobs dismissed. 1936: Banned
Authoritarianism Equality. from being judges/lawyers. Limited Women in
University to 10%.
Aims: Ensure dominance of the Aryan Race. Increase Birth Rate Marriage Rates increased: 516k in 1932 - 740k in Most families average 2 children, NOT
Reinforce traditional Gender Roles. Promote Physical to support the 1934. COULD have been more economic the aim of 4. Divorces increased after
Fitness/A Heathy society. Exclude outsiders/those Aryan Ideology. optimism rather than adherence to 1938. Increase in Birth/Marriage Rates
who did not 'fit in'. Secure the Longevity of Nazism. Women – Family + Increase Marriage Volksgemeinschaft. 1933-39: Birth Rate ONLY due to economic prosperity : i.e.,
Children Rate. fluctuates - goes up + down BUT goes down 1933 600RM marriage loan for
German Society Create + Sustain later. Infant Morality decreases: 7.7% in 1933 - unemployed
healthy home 6.6% in 1936: Expansion of Health Offices to
families. improve sanitation + preventative medicine
The ‘Ideal German’: White, Farmer/Peasant. 'Blood
and Soil' Ideology + providing for Germany.
Failed to remove women from workforce OR reduce numbers: competing ideologies (Rearmament vs
Volksgemeinschaft)
Outsiders: Political opponents Births + Marriages did increase, BUT mainly due to wider economic prosperity rather than adherence to the
(socialists/communists). Jews, A-socials, Overall Volksgemeinschaft
undesirables, LGBTQ+, Romas Evaluation/Judgement Short-Lived Regime focussed on war prosperity: COULD have been successful but not long enough to tell
YOUTH
Aims Evidence of Success Evidence of No Success
Indoctrinate Youth into Revised Timetable: PE 15%, History focussed on rise of Nazis, Rising Number of Teaching Vacancies (15% reduction in Universities in 18
Nazism Biology focus on Aryan supremacy/theory of Eugenics, Maths months) illustrated refusal to conform: those that remained nazified. Youth not as
Ensure Survival of the focussed on problem solving (i.e. cost of Mentally ill/Jews). bright: education focussed on fitness: led to a fall in reading standards/age.
Youth – Education Nazi Regime Ideology of Nationalism/Racial Policy integrated into curriculum. 21 Those qualified for University fell: 1933 - 113,000. 1939 - 57,000. Lack of
Reinforce Nazi Beliefs + Napola Schools created, seeking to find future Nazi Leader. intellectual ability undermined ability to question the society they lived in - met the
Values - create loyalists Creation of a Fitter Generation, ready for War. Nazi aims of indoctrination by undermining ability to question. Difficult to assess:
Regime only lasted 12 years - cannot assess impacts into adulthood.
Indoctrinate Youth into the 1936 HY Law: Encouraged joining HY + banned other groups. Compulsory element to HY led to disillusionment/resentment: 18% still didn't
Nazi Ideals 1933: 1%, 1936, 60%, 1939, 82% (compulsory). HY Boys enjoyed attend. Failed to remove other groups, i.e. Edelweiss Pirates + Swing Youth.
Ensure the survival of the military opportunities, camping, sporting + gained Dagger with Edelweiss Pirates: W/C Youths, attacked HY, made pamphlets, produced
Youth – Free Time + Activities Nazi Regime 'Blood and Honour' engraved. League of German Maidens enjoyed evidence of oppression. Drank alcohol, smoked, with opposite sex. Gestapo
activities supporting Kinder, Kuche, Kirche + being taught the caught: sent to camp + publicly hanged, i.e. Cologne 1944. Swing Youth: Listen
ideals of family/homemaking to American Jazz/Swing, attracting Middle Class youths. Imported US
records/clothing. Organisation + Leadership often Poor.
Difficult to Assess: regime only lasted 12 years, so unable to see long-term impacts in adulthood
Easily impressionable: Gender roles strictly enforced, i.e. men = fitness/military, women = family/homemaking
Youth fitter + healthier, supporting Volksgemeinschaft: argued youth not intelligent enough to challenge the society they live in.COMMON
OUTSIDERS BUT, Napola SOCIAL POLICY QUESTIONS
schools create/ensure new era of
Overall Evaluation/Judgement leadership
Aims: Create a racially pure state. 1933 -500,000
MinorJews,
opposition
1939 -remained: Other
18% didn't join HY despite being
210,000 Jews. Policies +
compulsory Introduced
numerous(Minor Ones) groups existed, yet didn't1(a)
other minor poseWith which social
significant threat.group did the Nazis have greater
success in imposing their ideals 1933-1939? [10]
Remove non-Aryans from the Population, i.e. Ideological opponents
(Communists, Socialists), Untermenschen (Jews, Roma, Sinti, Those unwell) + 7th Apr 1933: Law for the Restoration of the Professional C.S.: (i) Youth
Asocials (Prostitutes, Alcoholics, Drug Abusers). Jews exluded (ii) Women
4th Oct 1933: Law for Exclusion of Jewish Journalists
1938: Confiscation of Jewish Funds for Rearmament
2.4: Nazi Social Policy 1933 - 1939
Aims Evidence of Success Evidence of No Success
Reduce Female NSDAP Organisations Popular: National Socialist 1937 Goring's 4 Year Plan: Men leave
BACKGROUND employment + Womanhood (NSF) + German Woman's factories for conscription, women forced
reassert traditional Enterprise (DFW) / Mother's schools. Work well, to work for rearmament (Competing
The Volksgemeinschaft (The People’s Community) values. i.e. Clothes collections for Working Men. Women Ideologies: Volksgemeinschaft VS
Increase in employment drops: 1932 - 37%. 1937 - 31%. Rearmament). 1942: 52% women in
involvement in Nazi BUT, Post 1937 Increases due to war. 1937 - workforce.
What: 1920s Nazi Ideology, Creation of 'The People's Women - Employment Organisations. 5.7m, 1939 - 7.1m. 1933: Women in Civil
Community'. Focusses on Racism, Nationalism + Reduce Weimar Service/Medical Jobs dismissed. 1936: Banned
Authoritarianism Equality. from being judges/lawyers. Limited Women in
University to 10%.
Aims: Ensure dominance of the Aryan Race. Increase Birth Rate Marriage Rates increased: 516k in 1932 - 740k in Most families average 2 children, NOT
Reinforce traditional Gender Roles. Promote Physical to support the 1934. COULD have been more economic the aim of 4. Divorces increased after
Fitness/A Heathy society. Exclude outsiders/those Aryan Ideology. optimism rather than adherence to 1938. Increase in Birth/Marriage Rates
who did not 'fit in'. Secure the Longevity of Nazism. Women – Family + Increase Marriage Volksgemeinschaft. 1933-39: Birth Rate ONLY due to economic prosperity : i.e.,
Children Rate. fluctuates - goes up + down BUT goes down 1933 600RM marriage loan for
German Society Create + Sustain later. Infant Morality decreases: 7.7% in 1933 - unemployed
healthy home 6.6% in 1936: Expansion of Health Offices to
families. improve sanitation + preventative medicine
The ‘Ideal German’: White, Farmer/Peasant. 'Blood
and Soil' Ideology + providing for Germany.
Failed to remove women from workforce OR reduce numbers: competing ideologies (Rearmament vs
Volksgemeinschaft)
Outsiders: Political opponents Births + Marriages did increase, BUT mainly due to wider economic prosperity rather than adherence to the
(socialists/communists). Jews, A-socials, Overall Volksgemeinschaft
undesirables, LGBTQ+, Romas Evaluation/Judgement Short-Lived Regime focussed on war prosperity: COULD have been successful but not long enough to tell
YOUTH
Aims Evidence of Success Evidence of No Success
Indoctrinate Youth into Revised Timetable: PE 15%, History focussed on rise of Nazis, Rising Number of Teaching Vacancies (15% reduction in Universities in 18
Nazism Biology focus on Aryan supremacy/theory of Eugenics, Maths months) illustrated refusal to conform: those that remained nazified. Youth not as
Ensure Survival of the focussed on problem solving (i.e. cost of Mentally ill/Jews). bright: education focussed on fitness: led to a fall in reading standards/age.
Youth – Education Nazi Regime Ideology of Nationalism/Racial Policy integrated into curriculum. 21 Those qualified for University fell: 1933 - 113,000. 1939 - 57,000. Lack of
Reinforce Nazi Beliefs + Napola Schools created, seeking to find future Nazi Leader. intellectual ability undermined ability to question the society they lived in - met the
Values - create loyalists Creation of a Fitter Generation, ready for War. Nazi aims of indoctrination by undermining ability to question. Difficult to assess:
Regime only lasted 12 years - cannot assess impacts into adulthood.
Indoctrinate Youth into the 1936 HY Law: Encouraged joining HY + banned other groups. Compulsory element to HY led to disillusionment/resentment: 18% still didn't
Nazi Ideals 1933: 1%, 1936, 60%, 1939, 82% (compulsory). HY Boys enjoyed attend. Failed to remove other groups, i.e. Edelweiss Pirates + Swing Youth.
Ensure the survival of the military opportunities, camping, sporting + gained Dagger with Edelweiss Pirates: W/C Youths, attacked HY, made pamphlets, produced
Youth – Free Time + Activities Nazi Regime 'Blood and Honour' engraved. League of German Maidens enjoyed evidence of oppression. Drank alcohol, smoked, with opposite sex. Gestapo
activities supporting Kinder, Kuche, Kirche + being taught the caught: sent to camp + publicly hanged, i.e. Cologne 1944. Swing Youth: Listen
ideals of family/homemaking to American Jazz/Swing, attracting Middle Class youths. Imported US
records/clothing. Organisation + Leadership often Poor.
Difficult to Assess: regime only lasted 12 years, so unable to see long-term impacts in adulthood
Easily impressionable: Gender roles strictly enforced, i.e. men = fitness/military, women = family/homemaking
Youth fitter + healthier, supporting Volksgemeinschaft: argued youth not intelligent enough to challenge the society they live in.COMMON
OUTSIDERS BUT, Napola SOCIAL POLICY QUESTIONS
schools create/ensure new era of
Overall Evaluation/Judgement leadership
Aims: Create a racially pure state. 1933 -500,000
MinorJews,
opposition
1939 -remained: Other
18% didn't join HY despite being
210,000 Jews. Policies +
compulsory Introduced
numerous(Minor Ones) groups existed, yet didn't1(a)
other minor poseWith which social
significant threat.group did the Nazis have greater
success in imposing their ideals 1933-1939? [10]
Remove non-Aryans from the Population, i.e. Ideological opponents
(Communists, Socialists), Untermenschen (Jews, Roma, Sinti, Those unwell) + 7th Apr 1933: Law for the Restoration of the Professional C.S.: (i) Youth
Asocials (Prostitutes, Alcoholics, Drug Abusers). Jews exluded (ii) Women
4th Oct 1933: Law for Exclusion of Jewish Journalists
1938: Confiscation of Jewish Funds for Rearmament
