Page 1 of 55
NSG124 / NSG 124 Final Exam (NEW 2025 Update):
Pharmacology | Review with Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | Graded A – Herzing
Morphine adverse effects .....ANSWER.....- respiratory depression
- sedation
- constipation
- orthostatic hypotension
- urinary retention
- bradycardia
Naloxone (Narcan) .....ANSWER.....pure opioid antagonist,
reverses opioid induced respiratory depression
Medications for muscle spasticity .....ANSWER.....- Baclofen
- Diazepam
- Dantrolene
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- Tizanidine
Baclofen (Lioresal) .....ANSWER.....- relieves muscle spasms and
spasticity due to MS or spinal cord injury
- GI and CNS side effects
- do not stop abruptly
Epinephrine .....ANSWER.....- vasopressor, bronchodilator
- adrenergic drug that acts on both alpha and beta receptors to
relax smooth muscle
- used to treat allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and cardiac
arrest
- use caution in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypertension
H1 receptor antagonists (2nd generation) .....ANSWER.....- drug
class used to treat mild allergic reactions
- not sedating
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- use caution in patients with renal impairment
- Ex: fexofenadine (Allegra - cannot take with fruit juice),
loratadine (Claritin)
4 types of Laxatives include: .....ANSWER.....- bulk forming
- surfactant
- stimulant
- osmotic
Bulk forming laxatives .....ANSWER.....- type of laxative that
swells in water to form a viscous solution
- softens fecal mass
- works similar to dietary fiber
- must be taken with a full glass of water
- Ex: psyllium (Metamucil)
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Surfactant laxatives .....ANSWER.....- type of laxative that works
by lowering surface tension
- facilitates penetration of fluid into the feces
- must be taken with a full glass of water
- available in capsules, tablets, syrup, liquid
- Ex: docusate sodium (Colace)
Stimulant laxatives .....ANSWER.....- stimulates peristalsis
(intestinal motility)
- increase amount of water and electrolytes in intestines
- full glass of water NOT required
- Ex: bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Osmotic laxatives .....ANSWER.....- draws water into the colon to
stimulate evacuation
- used for bowel prep before diagnostic/surgical procedures
NSG124 / NSG 124 Final Exam (NEW 2025 Update):
Pharmacology | Review with Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | Graded A – Herzing
Morphine adverse effects .....ANSWER.....- respiratory depression
- sedation
- constipation
- orthostatic hypotension
- urinary retention
- bradycardia
Naloxone (Narcan) .....ANSWER.....pure opioid antagonist,
reverses opioid induced respiratory depression
Medications for muscle spasticity .....ANSWER.....- Baclofen
- Diazepam
- Dantrolene
,Page 2 of 55
- Tizanidine
Baclofen (Lioresal) .....ANSWER.....- relieves muscle spasms and
spasticity due to MS or spinal cord injury
- GI and CNS side effects
- do not stop abruptly
Epinephrine .....ANSWER.....- vasopressor, bronchodilator
- adrenergic drug that acts on both alpha and beta receptors to
relax smooth muscle
- used to treat allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and cardiac
arrest
- use caution in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypertension
H1 receptor antagonists (2nd generation) .....ANSWER.....- drug
class used to treat mild allergic reactions
- not sedating
,Page 3 of 55
- use caution in patients with renal impairment
- Ex: fexofenadine (Allegra - cannot take with fruit juice),
loratadine (Claritin)
4 types of Laxatives include: .....ANSWER.....- bulk forming
- surfactant
- stimulant
- osmotic
Bulk forming laxatives .....ANSWER.....- type of laxative that
swells in water to form a viscous solution
- softens fecal mass
- works similar to dietary fiber
- must be taken with a full glass of water
- Ex: psyllium (Metamucil)
, Page 4 of 55
Surfactant laxatives .....ANSWER.....- type of laxative that works
by lowering surface tension
- facilitates penetration of fluid into the feces
- must be taken with a full glass of water
- available in capsules, tablets, syrup, liquid
- Ex: docusate sodium (Colace)
Stimulant laxatives .....ANSWER.....- stimulates peristalsis
(intestinal motility)
- increase amount of water and electrolytes in intestines
- full glass of water NOT required
- Ex: bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Osmotic laxatives .....ANSWER.....- draws water into the colon to
stimulate evacuation
- used for bowel prep before diagnostic/surgical procedures
