ADV 281 FINAL EXAM UIUC VARGAS || A+
GUARANTEED.
independent variables correct answers controlled and manipulated ; the cause of the effect
dependent variables correct answers assumed to depend on or be caused by another ; effects
or outcomes, ex: emotion, purchase rates
Pierce's 4 Paths correct answers 1. Method of tenacity
2. Method of authority
3. A priori method
4. Scientific method
method of tenacity correct answers people cling to familiar beliefs because these beliefs bring
comfort/peace ; NOT good for determining facts because we reject unfamiliar beliefs
method of authority correct answers when someone with authority tells you what to believe ;
NOT good for determining facts
Priori method correct answers thinking why things occur, reasoning from cause to effect with
no experimentation (tastes and preferences, what "sounds good" to you)
scientific method correct answers best tool for knowledge; based on assumptions
deontology correct answers branch of knowledge dealing with moral obligations and the
welfare of the INDIVIDUAL; features of an act making it right or wrong
if you can foresee specific harm to individuals, rely on this framework
teology correct answers study of ends and final causes; correct cause of action is one that
promotes the greatest good; Utilitarian Model (what cause of action causes the greatest good
and the least harm?)
utilitarian model correct answers what cause of action causes the greatest good and the least
harm?
stresses consequence of act in evaluating ethical status
related to teology
3 dimensions of consumer target analysis correct answers 1. consumer trends
2. how consumers interact with product/service
3. relationship between consumers and product/service
distributive justice correct answers rewards distributed according to how much effort you put
in
retributive justice correct answers wrongdoer should be punished proportionately to the law
compensatory justice correct answers injured party should be restored to original position
,3 ethical concerns correct answers 1. autonomy
2. non-maleficence
3. beneficience
autonomy correct answers informed decision
non-maleficence correct answers no mistreating / harm
beneficience correct answers right to confidentiality and privacy
Epistemology correct answers study of knowledge / science of knowing
methodology correct answers science of finding out
sample correct answers subset / part of a larger population
population correct answers complete group of entities sharing a common set of characteristics
population element correct answers individual member of a population
census correct answers investigation of all individual elements that makeup a population
sample vs census correct answers sample - cheaper, quicker, fast info collection, practical for
ad research, can provide a more accurate count; however, can eliminate important cases
census - small population, identifiable; however, not as accurate as sampling
sample statistics correct answers variables in a sample or measures computed from sample
data
population parameters correct answers variables in a population or measured characteristics
of the population
sampling error correct answers difference between results obtained from a sample and results
obtained by a census
6 step procedure for drawing a sample correct answers 1. Define the target population
2. Identify the sampling frame
3. Select a sampling procedure
4. Determine the sample size
5. Select the sample elements
6. Collect the data from the designated elements
sampling frame correct answers list of elements from which a sample may be drawn
aka WORKING POPULATION
impossible to make a perfect list
sampling frame error correct answers occurs when certain elements are not listed or are not
accurately represented in the sampling frame (over-registration vs under-registration)
, probability samples correct answers each population element has a known (non-zero) chance
of being chosen for the sample
only with this can you generalize to the broader population
equal opportunity of members for representation in the sample
nonprobability samples correct answers no way of estimating the probability that any
population element will be included in the sample
no way of ensuring that the sample is representative of the population
could have zero chance of representation
rely on personal judgment somewhere along the line
inappropriate to generalize
types of probability sampling correct answers simple random
systematic
stratified
cluster
types of non probability sampling correct answers convenience sampling
quota sampling
purposive sampling
snowball sampling
simple random sampling correct answers every member of the population has an equal
probability of being selected for the sample
ex: 20 students, 1/2 participate, 1/2 do not
coin toss / generator to randomly sample
systematic sampling correct answers select some starting point and then select every kth
element in the population
divide total sample by desired sample size (ex: 20/5=4) choose starting point and choose
every 4th person
main problem: periodicity
stratified sampling correct answers used when there is large variation due to observable
respondent characteristics
a. determine classification criteria that define strata
b. each individual assigned to 1 strata
c. determine total sample size
d. select individual random samples from each strata
GUARANTEED.
independent variables correct answers controlled and manipulated ; the cause of the effect
dependent variables correct answers assumed to depend on or be caused by another ; effects
or outcomes, ex: emotion, purchase rates
Pierce's 4 Paths correct answers 1. Method of tenacity
2. Method of authority
3. A priori method
4. Scientific method
method of tenacity correct answers people cling to familiar beliefs because these beliefs bring
comfort/peace ; NOT good for determining facts because we reject unfamiliar beliefs
method of authority correct answers when someone with authority tells you what to believe ;
NOT good for determining facts
Priori method correct answers thinking why things occur, reasoning from cause to effect with
no experimentation (tastes and preferences, what "sounds good" to you)
scientific method correct answers best tool for knowledge; based on assumptions
deontology correct answers branch of knowledge dealing with moral obligations and the
welfare of the INDIVIDUAL; features of an act making it right or wrong
if you can foresee specific harm to individuals, rely on this framework
teology correct answers study of ends and final causes; correct cause of action is one that
promotes the greatest good; Utilitarian Model (what cause of action causes the greatest good
and the least harm?)
utilitarian model correct answers what cause of action causes the greatest good and the least
harm?
stresses consequence of act in evaluating ethical status
related to teology
3 dimensions of consumer target analysis correct answers 1. consumer trends
2. how consumers interact with product/service
3. relationship between consumers and product/service
distributive justice correct answers rewards distributed according to how much effort you put
in
retributive justice correct answers wrongdoer should be punished proportionately to the law
compensatory justice correct answers injured party should be restored to original position
,3 ethical concerns correct answers 1. autonomy
2. non-maleficence
3. beneficience
autonomy correct answers informed decision
non-maleficence correct answers no mistreating / harm
beneficience correct answers right to confidentiality and privacy
Epistemology correct answers study of knowledge / science of knowing
methodology correct answers science of finding out
sample correct answers subset / part of a larger population
population correct answers complete group of entities sharing a common set of characteristics
population element correct answers individual member of a population
census correct answers investigation of all individual elements that makeup a population
sample vs census correct answers sample - cheaper, quicker, fast info collection, practical for
ad research, can provide a more accurate count; however, can eliminate important cases
census - small population, identifiable; however, not as accurate as sampling
sample statistics correct answers variables in a sample or measures computed from sample
data
population parameters correct answers variables in a population or measured characteristics
of the population
sampling error correct answers difference between results obtained from a sample and results
obtained by a census
6 step procedure for drawing a sample correct answers 1. Define the target population
2. Identify the sampling frame
3. Select a sampling procedure
4. Determine the sample size
5. Select the sample elements
6. Collect the data from the designated elements
sampling frame correct answers list of elements from which a sample may be drawn
aka WORKING POPULATION
impossible to make a perfect list
sampling frame error correct answers occurs when certain elements are not listed or are not
accurately represented in the sampling frame (over-registration vs under-registration)
, probability samples correct answers each population element has a known (non-zero) chance
of being chosen for the sample
only with this can you generalize to the broader population
equal opportunity of members for representation in the sample
nonprobability samples correct answers no way of estimating the probability that any
population element will be included in the sample
no way of ensuring that the sample is representative of the population
could have zero chance of representation
rely on personal judgment somewhere along the line
inappropriate to generalize
types of probability sampling correct answers simple random
systematic
stratified
cluster
types of non probability sampling correct answers convenience sampling
quota sampling
purposive sampling
snowball sampling
simple random sampling correct answers every member of the population has an equal
probability of being selected for the sample
ex: 20 students, 1/2 participate, 1/2 do not
coin toss / generator to randomly sample
systematic sampling correct answers select some starting point and then select every kth
element in the population
divide total sample by desired sample size (ex: 20/5=4) choose starting point and choose
every 4th person
main problem: periodicity
stratified sampling correct answers used when there is large variation due to observable
respondent characteristics
a. determine classification criteria that define strata
b. each individual assigned to 1 strata
c. determine total sample size
d. select individual random samples from each strata
