NUR 2063 Exam 1 Study Guide 2025: Pathophysiology Practice Questions

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EXAM 1 : NUR2063 / NUR 2063 (LATEST

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A - RASMUSSEN

Homeostasis .....ANSWER.....•state of equilibrium or balance

within and organism

•Fluids and electrolytes exist within the body, are dynamic in

nature, and are maintained in constant balance, or homeostasis,

within the body

fluid volume deficit .....ANSWER.....•Fluid deficit occurs when total

body fluid levels (mostly water) are insufficient to meet the

body's needs may also be referred to as dehydration




•Fluid volume deficits may result from vomiting and diarrhea

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Fluid Volume Excess .....ANSWER.....•Daily fluid intake should

equal the amount of fluid lost

•Third spacing: significant fluid increases in the transcellular

compartment, which does not exchange easily among other ECFs




Types: Edema, Water intoxication

Eukaryote .....ANSWER.....•is any cell or organism that possesses

a defined nucleus

Mitochondria .....ANSWER.....•Have own DNA and ribosomes

•Produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy

what happens When arterial blood pressure decreases

.....ANSWER.....•renin is released from the kidneys and works on

angiotensinogen (from the liver), converting it to angiotensin I.

What is the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,

antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and natriuretic peptides

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.....ANSWER.....Control of fluid and electrolyte balances is

maintained

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) also assist in

.....ANSWER.....•maintaining blood pressure and intravascular

fluid status

What happens when renin converts angiotensinogen (from the

liver), converting into angiotensin I .....ANSWER.....•Angiotensin I is

then converted to angiotensin II in the lungs by angiotensin-

converting enzymes

what is the role of Angiotensin II .....ANSWER.....•is a potent

vasoconstrictor that also stimulates the release of aldosterone

What produces Aldosterone .....ANSWER.....Hyopthalamus

What releases Aldosterone and why .....ANSWER.....The adrenal

cortex releases and releases in response to changes in blood

osmolality

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What is the role of Aldosterone .....ANSWER.....promotes the

retention of the sodium and water in the kidneys, restoring blood

volume

directly influences water reabsorption in the distal tubules and

collecting ducts in the kidneys

What may cause Fluid volume deficient

.....ANSWER.....•hemorrhage, excessive loss of GI fluids (e.g.,

vomiting, diarrhea).

What are the symptoms of Fluid volume deficient

.....ANSWER.....thirst, weight loss, lungs clear to auscultation,

tachycardic.

What may cause fluid volume excess .....ANSWER.....•heart

failure, end-stage kidney failure, etc.

What are the symptoms of Fluid volume excess (FVE)

.....ANSWER.....•crackles in the lungs, hypertension, bounding

pulses.