AQA GCSE Combined Science Physics - Paper 2
Vector quantities - Answer: have magnitude and direction
Examples of vector quantities - Answer: force, velocity, momentum, acceleration
Scalar quantities - Answer: Only have magnitude and no direction
Examples of scalar quantities - Answer: speed, distance, time
Vectors - Answer: represented by an arrow - the length of the arrow shows the magnitude. The
direction of the arrow shows the direction of the quantity
A force is - Answer: a push or pull on an object that is caused by it interacting with something
when two objects are touching for the force to act, its a .... - Answer: contact force
examples of contact forces - Answer: friction, air resistance, tension in ropes. etc
If the objects do not need to be touching for the force to act, the force is a ...... - Answer: non
contact force
examples of non contact forces - Answer: magnetic force and gravitational force
Two effects of gravity - Answer: - makes all things fall towards the ground
- gives everything a weight
What is mass? - Answer: The amount of material an object is made of
,AQA GCSE Combined Science Physics - Paper 2
It is the same value everywhere
Measured using a mass balance
What is weight? - Answer: The force acting on an object due to gravity
It depends on the strength of the gravitational field at the location of the object
Measured using a calibrated spring balance - newtonmeter
Equation for Weight - Answer: Weight (N) = Mass (kg) x Gravitational Field Strength (N/kg)
W=mg
What is weight directly proportional to? - Answer: mass
What are free body diagrams? - Answer: Diagrams that show all the forces acting on an object
What is the resultant force? - Answer: The single force that replaces multiple forces acting at a
single point
How is work done? - Answer: When a force moves an object through a distance, energy is
transferred and work is done on the object
Equation for 'Work Done' - Answer: Work done (J) = Force (N) x Distance (m)
W=Fs
What is 1J equal to? - Answer: 1Nm
, AQA GCSE Combined Science Physics - Paper 2
If all the forces acting on an object combine to give a resultant force of zero then the object is in
? - Answer: equilibrium
What could happen when you apply a force to an object? - Answer: It may stretch, compress or
bend
What happens when an object is elastically deformed - Answer: The object can go back to its
original shape and length after the force has been removed
What happens when an object is inelastically deformed? - Answer: The object won't return to
its original shape and length after the force has been removed
Equation for Force 1 - Answer: Force (N) = Spring Constant (N/m) x Extension (m)
F=ke
Extension is directly proportional to? (Hooke's Law) - Answer: The force applied
F∝e
What is the limit of proportionality? - Answer: The point at which extension is no longer directly
proportional to force
Practical: Investigating the link between force and extension - Answer: - First, measure the
original length of the spring using a milimetre ruler
- Next, add different masses on the spring and measure the length of the spring in each case.
- The extension = change in length
- Repeat this process until you have enough measurements ( no fewer than 6)
- Plot a graph with extension of the spring on the x axis and force on the y axis.
Vector quantities - Answer: have magnitude and direction
Examples of vector quantities - Answer: force, velocity, momentum, acceleration
Scalar quantities - Answer: Only have magnitude and no direction
Examples of scalar quantities - Answer: speed, distance, time
Vectors - Answer: represented by an arrow - the length of the arrow shows the magnitude. The
direction of the arrow shows the direction of the quantity
A force is - Answer: a push or pull on an object that is caused by it interacting with something
when two objects are touching for the force to act, its a .... - Answer: contact force
examples of contact forces - Answer: friction, air resistance, tension in ropes. etc
If the objects do not need to be touching for the force to act, the force is a ...... - Answer: non
contact force
examples of non contact forces - Answer: magnetic force and gravitational force
Two effects of gravity - Answer: - makes all things fall towards the ground
- gives everything a weight
What is mass? - Answer: The amount of material an object is made of
,AQA GCSE Combined Science Physics - Paper 2
It is the same value everywhere
Measured using a mass balance
What is weight? - Answer: The force acting on an object due to gravity
It depends on the strength of the gravitational field at the location of the object
Measured using a calibrated spring balance - newtonmeter
Equation for Weight - Answer: Weight (N) = Mass (kg) x Gravitational Field Strength (N/kg)
W=mg
What is weight directly proportional to? - Answer: mass
What are free body diagrams? - Answer: Diagrams that show all the forces acting on an object
What is the resultant force? - Answer: The single force that replaces multiple forces acting at a
single point
How is work done? - Answer: When a force moves an object through a distance, energy is
transferred and work is done on the object
Equation for 'Work Done' - Answer: Work done (J) = Force (N) x Distance (m)
W=Fs
What is 1J equal to? - Answer: 1Nm
, AQA GCSE Combined Science Physics - Paper 2
If all the forces acting on an object combine to give a resultant force of zero then the object is in
? - Answer: equilibrium
What could happen when you apply a force to an object? - Answer: It may stretch, compress or
bend
What happens when an object is elastically deformed - Answer: The object can go back to its
original shape and length after the force has been removed
What happens when an object is inelastically deformed? - Answer: The object won't return to
its original shape and length after the force has been removed
Equation for Force 1 - Answer: Force (N) = Spring Constant (N/m) x Extension (m)
F=ke
Extension is directly proportional to? (Hooke's Law) - Answer: The force applied
F∝e
What is the limit of proportionality? - Answer: The point at which extension is no longer directly
proportional to force
Practical: Investigating the link between force and extension - Answer: - First, measure the
original length of the spring using a milimetre ruler
- Next, add different masses on the spring and measure the length of the spring in each case.
- The extension = change in length
- Repeat this process until you have enough measurements ( no fewer than 6)
- Plot a graph with extension of the spring on the x axis and force on the y axis.
