Basic Care and Comfort NCLEX EXAM
2024 Questions and Answers
Assisting a pt with a weak side - Correct answer-move towards stronger side
Active Resistance ROM - Correct answer-performed by pt, ROM with resistance.
Like exercise bands!
Fowler's Positioning - Correct answer-Low: 15-30
Fowlers: 45-60
High: 60-90
Semi: 30-45
Trendleburg's - Correct answer-Used in shock pt's, the feet are elevated 20 and the
head is flat, increases venous return and helps the heart pump more easily
Going up stairs with crutches - Correct answer-Up with the good leg,
down with the bad leg
Walker use - Correct answer-step forward with bad leg, support self with arms
followed by good leg
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,Cane walking - Correct answer-hold on strong side, advance cane and weak leg,
lean on cane when moving strong leg
Herniated intervertebral disk care - Correct answer-preop: meds (nsaids), traction,
TENS (electronic nerve stimulation)
postop of laminectomy: log roll pt's, assess lower extremity CMS, errect posture,
avoid long periods of errect posture,
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hips - Correct answer-T
Asymmetrical gluteal folds
Limp
Limited abduction of the hip
femur is not attached to acetabulum
tx: pelvic harness from 3-6 mos, must be worn at all times! teach parents how to
apply, 6-18 mos use traction, surgery will need to be done, or hip spica cast- cast
care (keep dry)
scoliosis - Correct answer-abnormal curvature of spinal column
assess: bend at 90, see uneven clothing,
functional: can be corrected
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, structural: cannot be corrected, often hereditary
Rheumatoid arthritis - Correct answer-nodules in joints, systemic can worsen,
remissions and exacerbations
osteoarthritis - Correct answer-seen with aging, obesity, use, no family hx, not
seasonal
dx: arthroscopy looking into joints
tx: depends on severity, rest and activity, give nsaids, anti inflammatories for RA,
weight control
Gout - Correct answer-joint pain and swelling, high amount of uric acid in blood,
avoid purine foods (beer/organ meat), decrease purine build up
osteoporosis - Correct answer-post menopausal women, reduction of bone mass,
kyphosis, over 60 years old, women who drink/smoke, sedentary life
prevention:
tx: implement diet high in calcium, protein, estrogen therapy, wt bearing excersise,
fosimax (recalcifies bone)
Osteomyletis - Correct answer-infxn in bone, pain/swelling at site, caused by staph
A, confirmed by x ray,
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
2024 Questions and Answers
Assisting a pt with a weak side - Correct answer-move towards stronger side
Active Resistance ROM - Correct answer-performed by pt, ROM with resistance.
Like exercise bands!
Fowler's Positioning - Correct answer-Low: 15-30
Fowlers: 45-60
High: 60-90
Semi: 30-45
Trendleburg's - Correct answer-Used in shock pt's, the feet are elevated 20 and the
head is flat, increases venous return and helps the heart pump more easily
Going up stairs with crutches - Correct answer-Up with the good leg,
down with the bad leg
Walker use - Correct answer-step forward with bad leg, support self with arms
followed by good leg
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Cane walking - Correct answer-hold on strong side, advance cane and weak leg,
lean on cane when moving strong leg
Herniated intervertebral disk care - Correct answer-preop: meds (nsaids), traction,
TENS (electronic nerve stimulation)
postop of laminectomy: log roll pt's, assess lower extremity CMS, errect posture,
avoid long periods of errect posture,
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hips - Correct answer-T
Asymmetrical gluteal folds
Limp
Limited abduction of the hip
femur is not attached to acetabulum
tx: pelvic harness from 3-6 mos, must be worn at all times! teach parents how to
apply, 6-18 mos use traction, surgery will need to be done, or hip spica cast- cast
care (keep dry)
scoliosis - Correct answer-abnormal curvature of spinal column
assess: bend at 90, see uneven clothing,
functional: can be corrected
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, structural: cannot be corrected, often hereditary
Rheumatoid arthritis - Correct answer-nodules in joints, systemic can worsen,
remissions and exacerbations
osteoarthritis - Correct answer-seen with aging, obesity, use, no family hx, not
seasonal
dx: arthroscopy looking into joints
tx: depends on severity, rest and activity, give nsaids, anti inflammatories for RA,
weight control
Gout - Correct answer-joint pain and swelling, high amount of uric acid in blood,
avoid purine foods (beer/organ meat), decrease purine build up
osteoporosis - Correct answer-post menopausal women, reduction of bone mass,
kyphosis, over 60 years old, women who drink/smoke, sedentary life
prevention:
tx: implement diet high in calcium, protein, estrogen therapy, wt bearing excersise,
fosimax (recalcifies bone)
Osteomyletis - Correct answer-infxn in bone, pain/swelling at site, caused by staph
A, confirmed by x ray,
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
