CMN 568 Unit 4 Study Guide: Notes & Key Concepts

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CMN568 / CMN 568 UNIT 4 & FINAL EXAMS (LATEST

2025 UPDATES STUDY BUNDLE WITH COMPLETE

SOLUTIONS) INTRO TO FAMILY NP EXAM QUESTIONS

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE

A - SOUTH ALABAMA

When does malrotation occur? .....ANSWER.....at about the 10th

week of gestation

What is a malrotation? .....ANSWER.....a congenital abnormality

that occurs during the embryonic phase of development when the

midgut retracts into the abdominal cavity. The midgut rotates

counterclockwise

When do infants typically become symptomatic with a

malrotation? .....ANSWER.....at 3 weeks of life

What is the classic sign of a malrotation? .....ANSWER.....bilious

vomitting

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How is a malrotation diagnosed? .....ANSWER.....upper GI study

What are some radiologic findings that are indicative of a

malrotation? .....ANSWER.....corkscrew appearance with barium

swallow; Signs of obstruction (air-fluid levels) may be present,

along with an abnormal gas pattern at the stomach and

duodenum.

What is pyloric stenosis? .....ANSWER.....results from hypertrophy

of the pyloric sphincter (muscle in the distal stomach), which leads

to poor gastric emptying into the duodenum.

When does pyloric stenosis usually present? .....ANSWER.....At 2-

4 weeks of age

What are the symptoms of pyloric stenosis?

.....ANSWER.....vomiting that becomes projectile; typically occurs

immediately after feeding, is nonbilious, and the infant is hungry

after vomiting. The parents may also report constipation,

excessive crying and weight loss, or failure to gain weight

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What can delay symptoms of pyloric stenosis?

.....ANSWER.....breastfeeding

What is pyloric stenosis usually mistaken for?

.....ANSWER.....reflux or formula intolerance

What is the hallmark finding of pyloric stenosis?

.....ANSWER.....an olive-shaped mass in RUQ

What are typical lab and radiologic findings of a baby with

pyloric stenosis? .....ANSWER.....hypochloremia, metabolic

alkalosis, Hypokalemia. KUB imaging reveals a dilated gastric

silhouette. An ultrasound typically reveals a thickened and

elongated pylorus, measuring greater than 4 mm.

What is intussusception? .....ANSWER.....involves the invagination

of a section of the intestine into itself. The most frequent site is at

the terminal ileum.

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What is often a predisposing factor of intussusception?

.....ANSWER.....A recent viral illness, mesenteric lymphadenitis,

Henoch-Schonlein purpura, and cystic fibrosis

What is the typical age of onset of idiopathic intussusception?

.....ANSWER.....6 to 18 months, with an average age of 7 to 8

months

If intussusception occurs beyond 36 mths, it is typically due to a

physical abnormality such as? .....ANSWER.....meckel's

diverticulum or polyps

Is intussusception more common in girls or boys?

.....ANSWER.....boys

What is the classic presentation of intussusception?

.....ANSWER.....colicky abdominal pain, recent viral illness with

some vomiting and perhaps diarrhea. The child begins to have

episodes of colicky abdominal pain, draws up the knees or

stiffens the legs for a brief period, and then becomes quiet for