ACLS Final Exam Version 2 (v2) Newest 2025
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A patient experiences cardiac arrest, and the resuscitation
team initiates ventilations using a bag-valve-mask (BVM)
resuscitator. The development of which condition during
the provision of care would lead the team to suspect that
improper BVM technique is being used?
Hypertension
Esophageal injury
Pneumothorax
Rib fracture - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Pneumothorax
Complications can occur with the use of a BVM
resuscitator due to improper technique. Delivering
excessive volume or ventilating too fast creates excessive
pressure that can damage the airways, lungs and other
organs. Excessive volume can lead to tension
pneumothorax.
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A person suddenly collapses while sitting in the sunroom
of a healthcare facility. A healthcare provider observes the
event and hurries over to assess the situation. The
healthcare provider performs which assessment first?
Rapid assessment
Basic life support assessment
Secondary assessment
Primary assessment - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Rapid assessment
A systematic approach to assessment is necessary. The
healthcare provider should first perform a rapid
assessment. A rapid assessment is a visual survey to
ensure safety, form an initial impression about the
patient's condition (including looking for life-threatening
bleeding), and determine the need for additional
resources. This would be followed by a primary
assessment and then a secondary assessment.
A patient is receiving ventilation support via bag-valve-
mask (BVM) resuscitator. Capnography is established and
a blood gas is obtained to evaluate the adequacy of the
ventilations. Which arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) value
signifies adequate ventilations?
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10 to 15 mmHg
20 to 25 mmHg
25 to 30 mmHg
35 to 45 mmHg - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔35 to 45 mmHg
Arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) values in the range of 35
to 45 mmHg confirm adequacy of ventilation.
A resuscitation team is debriefing following a recent event.
A patient experienced cardiac arrest, and advanced life
support was initiated. The patient required the placement
of an advanced airway to maintain airway patency. Which
statement indicates that the team performed high-quality
CPR?
"We initiated chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 110
per minute to a depth of 2.4 inches and then gave 1
ventilation every 10 seconds."
"We provided chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120
compressions per minute while giving 1 ventilation every 6
seconds without pausing compressions."
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"We provided chest compressions at a rate of 80 to 120 per
minute to a depth of at least 2 inches and gave 1
ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing
compressions."
"We kept the rate of chest compressions to around 100 per
minute but adjusted their depth to 1.5 inches while giving 1
ventilation every 3 seconds without pausing compression -
. . ANSWER ✔ ✔"We provided chest compressions at a
rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute while giving 1
ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing
compressions."
When an advanced airway has been placed in a patient
who is in cardiac arrest, compressions should be delivered
continuously (100 to 120 per minute) with no pauses for
ventilations.
Assessment of a patient reveals an ETCO2 level of 55
mmHg and an arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) level of
88%. The provider would interpret these findings as
indicative of which condition?
Respiratory failure
Respiratory arrest