SSD FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
A phonological pattern is a..... - Answer -phonological feature you want to train
Cycles therapy was designed for a specific group of clients—those with - Answer -
Highly unintelligible speech
A "cycle" is - Answer -A treatment program that spans several weeks
The purpose of the first cycle, which lasts several weeks, is to... - Answer -provide a
strong foundation for the child to develop sounds.
What is the correct sequence of activities that are recommended in every cycles
session? - Answer -1. Review of cards from the previous session
2. auditory bombardment
3. making the stimuli
4. practicing the target sound(s)
5. phonemic awareness activities
6. stimulability check
7. auditory bombardment
In the cycles approach, which of the following mastery criteria/percentage of accuracy is
recommended before eliminating the target pattern from a current cycle because it is
considered mastered? - Answer -None of these (because no mastery criteria is
recommended)
In the cycles approach why is mastery not recommended? - Answer -They are not
looking to any mastery criterion. They are looking for the evidence of the emergence of
the sound. The child is given experience with the sound and practice with the sound, but
the idea is that their efforts will lead to an emergence of the particular pattern over time.
According to the cycles approach, which of the following words should be used during
production practice when targeting stridents in the initial cycles of treatment? (Assume
that, except stridents, clients have all vowels and consonants in the words below and
that all words represent age-appropriate vocabulary for the client.) - Answer -b. Stem-
because it is an s cluster. is that we target stridency within S clusters. So we don't
target, the/s/ sound on its own. We target it within a cluster as an ST or an SP, it's
replacement. If you look at this in phonological terms and the child is doing a /t/ sound
for /s/ sound the placement is correct. They are both alveolar consonants and they're
both voiceless. So the only feature that is lacking is the fricative. Instead of replacing the
/t/, add the /s/ to the /t/. The child gets the practice with the stridency but also gets the
practice with the cluster.
In the Cycles approach, the "First Cycle" is a bit different than the others--explain -
Answer -the purpose is to provide a strong foundation for the child to develop sounds.
, This strong foundation means that we are working with the sounds the child needs in
their repertoire that are achievable and stimulable.
Typically, we do not target a voiced stop in the final position? T/F - Answer -True
because it makes it unnatural
Why is /s/ considered a high priority sound/target in the cycles approach? - Answer -
because it is a high frequency sound in English and used in a lot of words and clusters.
Give an example of a "liquid cluster" - Answer -slip, glasses, plate, bring, train
In the Cycles Approach, we typically target strident sounds, first, in isolation T/F? -
Answer -False - we do it in clusters and add to the sound rather than having them
substitute.
6. A session is a ______within a cycle - Answer -week
Identify the 8 steps to a typical Cycles Session: - Answer -review the last target,
auditory bombardment, production practice, use those in a play-based activity,
stimulablity, auditory bombardment, phonological awareness, home assignment.
Using the Cycles Approach, we have no accuracy criterion because - Answer -this
treatment does not prescribe mastery
In the Cycles Approach, how come we typically target one-word position—i.e., /k/ in the
final position? - Answer -Because these children are typically highly unintelligible, we
target one-word position in hopes that what they've learned in therapy will generalize of
areas of their speech sound abilities. We don't have a lot of time with these kids so we
wouldn't work on every sound in all positions. So, to make good use of our time with
them.
In the Async videos, we learned about the "special status of /s/ clusters"—explain: -
Answer -They are special because they are frequent in our language and it does two
things as it works in the s sound in isolation and works in clusters at the same time. and
we dont want to replace something the child is already doing and because /s/ in
singleton will likely be distorted.
During production practice, drill based work and use of nonsense syllables is
discouraged—explain: - Answer -because it is a language based approach so you don't
want to incorporate nonsense syllables in language. And all these words need to be
function and be used within these activities.
What is articulation therapy? - Answer -the individual has difficulty producing the actual
sound as they cannot place the articulators-- the mouth, tongue, and lips-- in the correct
position.
A phonological pattern is a..... - Answer -phonological feature you want to train
Cycles therapy was designed for a specific group of clients—those with - Answer -
Highly unintelligible speech
A "cycle" is - Answer -A treatment program that spans several weeks
The purpose of the first cycle, which lasts several weeks, is to... - Answer -provide a
strong foundation for the child to develop sounds.
What is the correct sequence of activities that are recommended in every cycles
session? - Answer -1. Review of cards from the previous session
2. auditory bombardment
3. making the stimuli
4. practicing the target sound(s)
5. phonemic awareness activities
6. stimulability check
7. auditory bombardment
In the cycles approach, which of the following mastery criteria/percentage of accuracy is
recommended before eliminating the target pattern from a current cycle because it is
considered mastered? - Answer -None of these (because no mastery criteria is
recommended)
In the cycles approach why is mastery not recommended? - Answer -They are not
looking to any mastery criterion. They are looking for the evidence of the emergence of
the sound. The child is given experience with the sound and practice with the sound, but
the idea is that their efforts will lead to an emergence of the particular pattern over time.
According to the cycles approach, which of the following words should be used during
production practice when targeting stridents in the initial cycles of treatment? (Assume
that, except stridents, clients have all vowels and consonants in the words below and
that all words represent age-appropriate vocabulary for the client.) - Answer -b. Stem-
because it is an s cluster. is that we target stridency within S clusters. So we don't
target, the/s/ sound on its own. We target it within a cluster as an ST or an SP, it's
replacement. If you look at this in phonological terms and the child is doing a /t/ sound
for /s/ sound the placement is correct. They are both alveolar consonants and they're
both voiceless. So the only feature that is lacking is the fricative. Instead of replacing the
/t/, add the /s/ to the /t/. The child gets the practice with the stridency but also gets the
practice with the cluster.
In the Cycles approach, the "First Cycle" is a bit different than the others--explain -
Answer -the purpose is to provide a strong foundation for the child to develop sounds.
, This strong foundation means that we are working with the sounds the child needs in
their repertoire that are achievable and stimulable.
Typically, we do not target a voiced stop in the final position? T/F - Answer -True
because it makes it unnatural
Why is /s/ considered a high priority sound/target in the cycles approach? - Answer -
because it is a high frequency sound in English and used in a lot of words and clusters.
Give an example of a "liquid cluster" - Answer -slip, glasses, plate, bring, train
In the Cycles Approach, we typically target strident sounds, first, in isolation T/F? -
Answer -False - we do it in clusters and add to the sound rather than having them
substitute.
6. A session is a ______within a cycle - Answer -week
Identify the 8 steps to a typical Cycles Session: - Answer -review the last target,
auditory bombardment, production practice, use those in a play-based activity,
stimulablity, auditory bombardment, phonological awareness, home assignment.
Using the Cycles Approach, we have no accuracy criterion because - Answer -this
treatment does not prescribe mastery
In the Cycles Approach, how come we typically target one-word position—i.e., /k/ in the
final position? - Answer -Because these children are typically highly unintelligible, we
target one-word position in hopes that what they've learned in therapy will generalize of
areas of their speech sound abilities. We don't have a lot of time with these kids so we
wouldn't work on every sound in all positions. So, to make good use of our time with
them.
In the Async videos, we learned about the "special status of /s/ clusters"—explain: -
Answer -They are special because they are frequent in our language and it does two
things as it works in the s sound in isolation and works in clusters at the same time. and
we dont want to replace something the child is already doing and because /s/ in
singleton will likely be distorted.
During production practice, drill based work and use of nonsense syllables is
discouraged—explain: - Answer -because it is a language based approach so you don't
want to incorporate nonsense syllables in language. And all these words need to be
function and be used within these activities.
What is articulation therapy? - Answer -the individual has difficulty producing the actual
sound as they cannot place the articulators-- the mouth, tongue, and lips-- in the correct
position.
