Toxicology Exam #2
1. In the lab, we measured ALT activity in the mouse serum. This an example of
a biomarker of .: effect
2. are catalyzed by transaction metals such as copper and iron.
This ultimately results in the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl
radicals.: Fenton reactions
3. are small cysteine-rich proteins that help to protect cells from
metal ions by binding metals and reducing the free concentration of metal in
the cell.: Metallothioneins
4. is the most problematic reactive oxygen species for cells because
it is very reactive and tends to react with the first cellular component that it
1/3
, comes in contact with.: Hydroxyl radicals
5. generally, consists of synthetic pathways in which the target
compound is connected to a large water-soluble compound.: Phase II metabolism
6. Some cytochrome P450 enzymes can add an oxygen across a double bond.
This forms a reactive three-member ring structure called a(n) .
The cell's main defense against this reactive compound is an enzyme called
, which converts this three-member ring structure into two hydroxyl
groups.: epoxide; epoxide hydrolase
7. is a toxin that is produced by a mold. It tends to be found in
peanut and grain products and although it has low acute toxicity it can be
metabolized to a reactive intermediate that has been shown to cause liver
2/3
1. In the lab, we measured ALT activity in the mouse serum. This an example of
a biomarker of .: effect
2. are catalyzed by transaction metals such as copper and iron.
This ultimately results in the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl
radicals.: Fenton reactions
3. are small cysteine-rich proteins that help to protect cells from
metal ions by binding metals and reducing the free concentration of metal in
the cell.: Metallothioneins
4. is the most problematic reactive oxygen species for cells because
it is very reactive and tends to react with the first cellular component that it
1/3
, comes in contact with.: Hydroxyl radicals
5. generally, consists of synthetic pathways in which the target
compound is connected to a large water-soluble compound.: Phase II metabolism
6. Some cytochrome P450 enzymes can add an oxygen across a double bond.
This forms a reactive three-member ring structure called a(n) .
The cell's main defense against this reactive compound is an enzyme called
, which converts this three-member ring structure into two hydroxyl
groups.: epoxide; epoxide hydrolase
7. is a toxin that is produced by a mold. It tends to be found in
peanut and grain products and although it has low acute toxicity it can be
metabolized to a reactive intermediate that has been shown to cause liver
2/3
