BIOC 384 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What side products of pyruvate are being converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide
by yeast?
A. CO and NADH
B. CO2 and NADH
C. CO2 and NAD+
D. O and NAD+ - ✔✔C. CO2 and NAD+
✔✔A requirement for a covalent bond to form between two atoms is that
A. there are unpaired electrons on each atom.
B. the atoms are ions.
C. both the atoms must be metals.
D. one of the atoms must be a halogen. - ✔✔A. there are unpaired electrons on each
atom.
✔✔The correct name for the VSEPR arrangement around a carbon in methane is
A. linear.
B. trigonal bipyrimidal.
C. tetrahedral.
D. octahedral. - ✔✔C. tetrahedral.
✔✔Cell signaling and cell membranes are examples of functions performed by which
biomolecule?
A. amino acid
B. nucleotide
C. simple sugar
D. fatty acid - ✔✔D. fatty acid
✔✔Vitamin B2 is a metabolite. Lack of vitamin B2 can lead to blurred vision and a
swollen tongue. Vitamin B2 has such a strong effect on health because metabolites
A. are the catalysts that drive biochemical reactions necessary for life-sustaining
processes.
B. are complex chemical reactions in cells.
C. process essential genetic information needed for life.
D. are needed for construction of microtubules. - ✔✔A. are the catalysts that drive
biochemical reactions necessary for life-sustaining processes.
✔✔Which of the following is the correct solar energy reaction that takes place on the
sun?
,4 He 4He
4He 4 He
4 H 4He
4H 4 H - ✔✔4 H 4He
✔✔What is the final molecule made from the oxidation of H2O by solar energy?
ozone
glucose
fructose
carbon dioxide - ✔✔glucose
✔✔The difference between an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction is that
oxidation is the __________ and reduction is the __________.
loss of electrons; gain of electrons
gain of electrons; loss of electrons
loss of protons; gain of protons
gain of protons; loss of protons - ✔✔loss of electrons; gain of electrons
✔✔Which of the following is an example of a system?
the universe
the air
a test tube with reaction components
outer space - ✔✔a test tube with reaction components
✔✔A hot pack on your arm is an example of what kind of system?
open
closed
isolated
surroundings - ✔✔closed
✔✔The combustion of gasoline is considered exothermic because heat is
transferred from the surroundings to the system.
transferred from the system to the surroundings.
transferred to the universe.
not transferred. - ✔✔transferred from the system to the surroundings.
✔✔The change in entropy of a system is a function of a change in
temperature and pressure.
,volume and pressure.
enthalpy and pressure.
enthalpy and temperature. - ✔✔enthalpy and temperature.
✔✔If a reaction has a delta H >0 and a delta S<o, then __________ and the reaction is
__________ at all temperatures.
delta G <0; spontaneous
delta G >0; spontaneous
delta G <0; nonspontaneous
delta G >0; nonspontaneous - ✔✔delta G >0; nonspontaneous
✔✔If the equilibrium constant (Keq) is greater than 1, which direction will the reaction
proceed?
spontaneously to products
spontaneously to reactants
neither direction
Not enough information is given to determine the direction of reaction. -
✔✔spontaneously to products
✔✔Under what conditions could a biological reaction spontaneously proceed to
reactants if the delta g>0?
Reactant concentrations are greater than product concentrations.
Product concentrations are greater than reactant concentrations.
Reactant concentrations are equal to product concentrations.
There are no conditions where this could happen. - ✔✔Product concentrations are
greater than reactant concentrations.
✔✔The transfer of a phosphate from ATP to another molecule produces a(n)
low-energy intermediate.
highly reactive intermediate.
neutral energy intermediate.
It is not possible to transfer a phosphate to another molecule. - ✔✔highly reactive
intermediate.
✔✔Under steady-state conditions in a mammalian cell, the adenine nucleotide
concentrations are [ATP] = 3.3 mM, [ADP] = 1.2 mM, and [AMP] = 0.2 mM. What is the
energy charge of this cell?
0.83
0.95
0.72
1.2 - ✔✔0.83
, ✔✔Organisms on Earth cannot easily exist at temperatures below because at that
temperature
hydrogen bonds cannot exist.
water does not exist in a tetrahedron.
ice crystals form in the organism.
proton hopping cannot occur. - ✔✔ice crystals form in the organism.
✔✔A hydrogen bond can form between a hydrogen atom on a(n)
electronegative donor group and another electronegative atom.
cationic atom and another hydrogen.
nonpolar donor group and an electronegative atom.
ionic atom and another anion. - ✔✔electronegative donor group and another
electronegative atom.
✔✔The interaction between an amino group and a carboxylate group is best
characterized as
hydrogen bonds.
ionic interactions.
van der Waals interactions.
a covalent bond. - ✔✔ionic interactions.
✔✔The interaction between nonpolar molecules is best characterized as
a hydrogen bond.
ionic interactions.
van der Waals interactions.
a covalent bond. - ✔✔van der Waals interactions.
✔✔How do plants, fungi, and bacteria avoid the damaging effects of a hypotonic
environment?
flexible cells walls
rigid cells walls
semipermeable cell walls
photosynthesis - ✔✔rigid cells walls
✔✔Calculate the pH of a solution that contains 3.9 10-4M H+.
4.59
10.59
3.41
9.41 - ✔✔3.41
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What side products of pyruvate are being converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide
by yeast?
A. CO and NADH
B. CO2 and NADH
C. CO2 and NAD+
D. O and NAD+ - ✔✔C. CO2 and NAD+
✔✔A requirement for a covalent bond to form between two atoms is that
A. there are unpaired electrons on each atom.
B. the atoms are ions.
C. both the atoms must be metals.
D. one of the atoms must be a halogen. - ✔✔A. there are unpaired electrons on each
atom.
✔✔The correct name for the VSEPR arrangement around a carbon in methane is
A. linear.
B. trigonal bipyrimidal.
C. tetrahedral.
D. octahedral. - ✔✔C. tetrahedral.
✔✔Cell signaling and cell membranes are examples of functions performed by which
biomolecule?
A. amino acid
B. nucleotide
C. simple sugar
D. fatty acid - ✔✔D. fatty acid
✔✔Vitamin B2 is a metabolite. Lack of vitamin B2 can lead to blurred vision and a
swollen tongue. Vitamin B2 has such a strong effect on health because metabolites
A. are the catalysts that drive biochemical reactions necessary for life-sustaining
processes.
B. are complex chemical reactions in cells.
C. process essential genetic information needed for life.
D. are needed for construction of microtubules. - ✔✔A. are the catalysts that drive
biochemical reactions necessary for life-sustaining processes.
✔✔Which of the following is the correct solar energy reaction that takes place on the
sun?
,4 He 4He
4He 4 He
4 H 4He
4H 4 H - ✔✔4 H 4He
✔✔What is the final molecule made from the oxidation of H2O by solar energy?
ozone
glucose
fructose
carbon dioxide - ✔✔glucose
✔✔The difference between an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction is that
oxidation is the __________ and reduction is the __________.
loss of electrons; gain of electrons
gain of electrons; loss of electrons
loss of protons; gain of protons
gain of protons; loss of protons - ✔✔loss of electrons; gain of electrons
✔✔Which of the following is an example of a system?
the universe
the air
a test tube with reaction components
outer space - ✔✔a test tube with reaction components
✔✔A hot pack on your arm is an example of what kind of system?
open
closed
isolated
surroundings - ✔✔closed
✔✔The combustion of gasoline is considered exothermic because heat is
transferred from the surroundings to the system.
transferred from the system to the surroundings.
transferred to the universe.
not transferred. - ✔✔transferred from the system to the surroundings.
✔✔The change in entropy of a system is a function of a change in
temperature and pressure.
,volume and pressure.
enthalpy and pressure.
enthalpy and temperature. - ✔✔enthalpy and temperature.
✔✔If a reaction has a delta H >0 and a delta S<o, then __________ and the reaction is
__________ at all temperatures.
delta G <0; spontaneous
delta G >0; spontaneous
delta G <0; nonspontaneous
delta G >0; nonspontaneous - ✔✔delta G >0; nonspontaneous
✔✔If the equilibrium constant (Keq) is greater than 1, which direction will the reaction
proceed?
spontaneously to products
spontaneously to reactants
neither direction
Not enough information is given to determine the direction of reaction. -
✔✔spontaneously to products
✔✔Under what conditions could a biological reaction spontaneously proceed to
reactants if the delta g>0?
Reactant concentrations are greater than product concentrations.
Product concentrations are greater than reactant concentrations.
Reactant concentrations are equal to product concentrations.
There are no conditions where this could happen. - ✔✔Product concentrations are
greater than reactant concentrations.
✔✔The transfer of a phosphate from ATP to another molecule produces a(n)
low-energy intermediate.
highly reactive intermediate.
neutral energy intermediate.
It is not possible to transfer a phosphate to another molecule. - ✔✔highly reactive
intermediate.
✔✔Under steady-state conditions in a mammalian cell, the adenine nucleotide
concentrations are [ATP] = 3.3 mM, [ADP] = 1.2 mM, and [AMP] = 0.2 mM. What is the
energy charge of this cell?
0.83
0.95
0.72
1.2 - ✔✔0.83
, ✔✔Organisms on Earth cannot easily exist at temperatures below because at that
temperature
hydrogen bonds cannot exist.
water does not exist in a tetrahedron.
ice crystals form in the organism.
proton hopping cannot occur. - ✔✔ice crystals form in the organism.
✔✔A hydrogen bond can form between a hydrogen atom on a(n)
electronegative donor group and another electronegative atom.
cationic atom and another hydrogen.
nonpolar donor group and an electronegative atom.
ionic atom and another anion. - ✔✔electronegative donor group and another
electronegative atom.
✔✔The interaction between an amino group and a carboxylate group is best
characterized as
hydrogen bonds.
ionic interactions.
van der Waals interactions.
a covalent bond. - ✔✔ionic interactions.
✔✔The interaction between nonpolar molecules is best characterized as
a hydrogen bond.
ionic interactions.
van der Waals interactions.
a covalent bond. - ✔✔van der Waals interactions.
✔✔How do plants, fungi, and bacteria avoid the damaging effects of a hypotonic
environment?
flexible cells walls
rigid cells walls
semipermeable cell walls
photosynthesis - ✔✔rigid cells walls
✔✔Calculate the pH of a solution that contains 3.9 10-4M H+.
4.59
10.59
3.41
9.41 - ✔✔3.41
