HPEX 310 VCU Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
digestion, absorption, metabolism, ad their effect on health and
the study of food and nutrients
disease
a diet that supplies all of the essential nutrients required for the
"good nutrition"
body to survive
Substances in food that provide nourishment; they are needed to
Nutrients
support body function and maintain health.
Three major functions of -Providing energy
nutrients in the body -supporting growth -regulating metabolism.
, Two major groups of nutrients Macronutrients and Micronutrients
Nutrients that are required in relatively large amounts (more than
Macronutrients
a few grams per day), provide energy for the body
4 types of Macronutrients Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and waters
how many kcal in protein? 4 kcal/g
How many kcal in carbs? 4 kcal/g
how many kcal in fat? 9 kcal/g
what are the 2 forms of simple and complex
carbohydrates
A primary source of energy during exercise, brain requires this
Simple carbohydrates for normal function, consists of chains of one or two simple
sugars. common types are glucose, fructose, and galactose
a key simple sugar because it plays major role as an energy
Glucose source for the body, stored in skeletal muscles and the liver as a
complex carbohydrate called glycogen
Complex Carbohydrates exist in several forms and includes starches, glycogen, and fiber
long chains of glucose units that are storage form of
Starches
carbohydrates in plants
Fiber an undigestible carbohydrate found in plants
dissolves in water; found in legumes, oats, psyllium, flaxseeds,
Soluble fiber and certain fruits and vegetables; attracts water and forms a gel,
it delays stomach emptying, which makes you feel full
adds bulk and passes through the gastrointestinal tract largely
intact; speeds up transit time, helping to maintain regularity of
Insoluble fiber
bowel movements and reducing the rick of colon cancer; found
in whole grains, nuts, seeds, and certain vegetables and fruits
A class of compounds that do not readily dissolve in water; these
Lipids
include fats,oils, and waxes
most common types of lipids found in foods and in your body, an
Fats
important important fuel source
Fatty Acid basic structure of most fats, stored as triglycerides
include monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids; found
Unsaturated Fatty Acids in plants (including nuts, seeds, grains,and vegetable oils); are
liquid at room temperature; more heart- healthy
solid at room temperature; found in both animal (meat and diary)
Saturated fatty acids and plant (coconut and palm oil); increase blood levels of total
cholesterol and LDL cholesterol
essential amino acids body cannot make them and must be consumed
nonessential amino acids amino acids that the body can synthesize
Protein Major part of lean tissue, totaling 17-20% of body weight
also called whole proteins or high-quality proteins; contain all of
Complete Proteins the essential amino acids and are present only in animal foods
and soy products
CORRECT Answers
digestion, absorption, metabolism, ad their effect on health and
the study of food and nutrients
disease
a diet that supplies all of the essential nutrients required for the
"good nutrition"
body to survive
Substances in food that provide nourishment; they are needed to
Nutrients
support body function and maintain health.
Three major functions of -Providing energy
nutrients in the body -supporting growth -regulating metabolism.
, Two major groups of nutrients Macronutrients and Micronutrients
Nutrients that are required in relatively large amounts (more than
Macronutrients
a few grams per day), provide energy for the body
4 types of Macronutrients Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and waters
how many kcal in protein? 4 kcal/g
How many kcal in carbs? 4 kcal/g
how many kcal in fat? 9 kcal/g
what are the 2 forms of simple and complex
carbohydrates
A primary source of energy during exercise, brain requires this
Simple carbohydrates for normal function, consists of chains of one or two simple
sugars. common types are glucose, fructose, and galactose
a key simple sugar because it plays major role as an energy
Glucose source for the body, stored in skeletal muscles and the liver as a
complex carbohydrate called glycogen
Complex Carbohydrates exist in several forms and includes starches, glycogen, and fiber
long chains of glucose units that are storage form of
Starches
carbohydrates in plants
Fiber an undigestible carbohydrate found in plants
dissolves in water; found in legumes, oats, psyllium, flaxseeds,
Soluble fiber and certain fruits and vegetables; attracts water and forms a gel,
it delays stomach emptying, which makes you feel full
adds bulk and passes through the gastrointestinal tract largely
intact; speeds up transit time, helping to maintain regularity of
Insoluble fiber
bowel movements and reducing the rick of colon cancer; found
in whole grains, nuts, seeds, and certain vegetables and fruits
A class of compounds that do not readily dissolve in water; these
Lipids
include fats,oils, and waxes
most common types of lipids found in foods and in your body, an
Fats
important important fuel source
Fatty Acid basic structure of most fats, stored as triglycerides
include monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids; found
Unsaturated Fatty Acids in plants (including nuts, seeds, grains,and vegetable oils); are
liquid at room temperature; more heart- healthy
solid at room temperature; found in both animal (meat and diary)
Saturated fatty acids and plant (coconut and palm oil); increase blood levels of total
cholesterol and LDL cholesterol
essential amino acids body cannot make them and must be consumed
nonessential amino acids amino acids that the body can synthesize
Protein Major part of lean tissue, totaling 17-20% of body weight
also called whole proteins or high-quality proteins; contain all of
Complete Proteins the essential amino acids and are present only in animal foods
and soy products
