HESI A2 (ELSEVIER-EVOLVE) ANATOMY &
PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026
◉ Mitosis and Meiosis. Answer: Mitosis and meiosis are the ways
that cells reproduce. During mitosis, a cell duplicates its DNA and
divides into two identical cells called daughter cells. Meiosis, on the
other hand, produces four daughter cells that have only half of the
chromosomes that the parent cell has. Meiosis is the form of cell
duplication that produces eggs and sperm.
◉ Skin. Answer: membrane because it covers the body ; organ
because it contains several kinds of tissues.
◉ skeletal system. Answer: Functions to support, permit movement,
form blood cells (homeopoiesis), protect internal organs, detoxify,
point for muscle attachment, mineral storage (particularly
phosphorous and calcium)
◉ Muscular System. Answer: Consists of skeletal muscles and
tendons that connect muscles to bone, and ligaments which attach
bones to each other to form joints. Cardiac and smooth muscles are
not included in this organ system.
,◉ Nervous System. Answer: Composed of neurons (cell, axon,
dendrite), central nervous system (brain, spinal cord), peripheral
nervous system (nerves of the body). Recieves, interpretes and
transmits impulses and responses. Responsible for sight, smell,
taste, touch, hearing (five senses), heart rate, breathing, speech,
movement
◉ Endocrine system. Answer: Consists of a group of ductless glands
that secrete substances called hormones directly into the
bloodstream. Hormones are powerful chemical substances that have
a profound effect on many body processes such as metabolism,
growth and development, reproduction, personality, and the ability
of the body to react to stress and disease.
◉ Circulatory system. Answer: The human body system that
contains the heart, blood, and all of the blood vessels. It delivers all
the nutrients to the cells
◉ Respiratory System. Answer: A system of organs, functioning in
the process of gas exchange between the body and the environment,
consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx,
larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
◉ Digestive System. Answer: 3 main functions - break down food
mechanically & chemically, absorb important molcules for the body
needs, & eliminates wastes
, ◉ Urinary System. Answer: Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder,
and urethra. Removes waster material (urine) from the body,
regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration.
◉ Reproductive system. Answer: (testes, epididymis, vas deferens,
urethra, penis, ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina) produces
reproductive cells, nurtures and protects developing embryo in
females
◉ Alimentary Canal. Answer: Also known as the gastrointestinal (GI)
tract of the digestive tract, the alimentary canal is the long muscular
"tube" that includes the mouth esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
and large intestine.
◉ anatomic position. Answer: The position with the body erect with
the arms at the sides and the palms forward. The anatomic position
is of importance in anatomy because it is the position of reference
for anatomic nomenclature. Anatomic terms such as anterior and
posterior, medial and lateral, and abduction and adduction apply to
the body when it is in the anatomic position.
◉ Anterior. Answer: Front or Ventral
PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026
◉ Mitosis and Meiosis. Answer: Mitosis and meiosis are the ways
that cells reproduce. During mitosis, a cell duplicates its DNA and
divides into two identical cells called daughter cells. Meiosis, on the
other hand, produces four daughter cells that have only half of the
chromosomes that the parent cell has. Meiosis is the form of cell
duplication that produces eggs and sperm.
◉ Skin. Answer: membrane because it covers the body ; organ
because it contains several kinds of tissues.
◉ skeletal system. Answer: Functions to support, permit movement,
form blood cells (homeopoiesis), protect internal organs, detoxify,
point for muscle attachment, mineral storage (particularly
phosphorous and calcium)
◉ Muscular System. Answer: Consists of skeletal muscles and
tendons that connect muscles to bone, and ligaments which attach
bones to each other to form joints. Cardiac and smooth muscles are
not included in this organ system.
,◉ Nervous System. Answer: Composed of neurons (cell, axon,
dendrite), central nervous system (brain, spinal cord), peripheral
nervous system (nerves of the body). Recieves, interpretes and
transmits impulses and responses. Responsible for sight, smell,
taste, touch, hearing (five senses), heart rate, breathing, speech,
movement
◉ Endocrine system. Answer: Consists of a group of ductless glands
that secrete substances called hormones directly into the
bloodstream. Hormones are powerful chemical substances that have
a profound effect on many body processes such as metabolism,
growth and development, reproduction, personality, and the ability
of the body to react to stress and disease.
◉ Circulatory system. Answer: The human body system that
contains the heart, blood, and all of the blood vessels. It delivers all
the nutrients to the cells
◉ Respiratory System. Answer: A system of organs, functioning in
the process of gas exchange between the body and the environment,
consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx,
larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
◉ Digestive System. Answer: 3 main functions - break down food
mechanically & chemically, absorb important molcules for the body
needs, & eliminates wastes
, ◉ Urinary System. Answer: Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder,
and urethra. Removes waster material (urine) from the body,
regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration.
◉ Reproductive system. Answer: (testes, epididymis, vas deferens,
urethra, penis, ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina) produces
reproductive cells, nurtures and protects developing embryo in
females
◉ Alimentary Canal. Answer: Also known as the gastrointestinal (GI)
tract of the digestive tract, the alimentary canal is the long muscular
"tube" that includes the mouth esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
and large intestine.
◉ anatomic position. Answer: The position with the body erect with
the arms at the sides and the palms forward. The anatomic position
is of importance in anatomy because it is the position of reference
for anatomic nomenclature. Anatomic terms such as anterior and
posterior, medial and lateral, and abduction and adduction apply to
the body when it is in the anatomic position.
◉ Anterior. Answer: Front or Ventral
