HESI EXAM 1 (158 Questions with
correct Answers highlighted) 2022/2023
A mother runs into the emergency department with a toddler in her arms and tells the
nurse that her child got into some cleaning products. the child smells of chemicals on
the hands, face, and on the front of the child's clothes. after ensuring the airway is
patent, what action should the nurse implement first?
a. Assess the child for altered sensorium
b. Determine type of chemical exposure
c. Obtain equipment for gastric lavage
d. Call poison control emergency number -
✔️b. Determine type of chemical exposure
Which conditions are most likely to respond to treatment with antihistamines? Select
all that apply.
a. Bronchitis
b. Allergic rhinitis
c. Otitis media
d. Contact dermatitis
e. Myocarditis -
✔️ b. Allergic rhinitis
d. Contact dermatitis
An older client's daughter calls the home health nurse and reports that her mother
has become forgetful and is very confused at night. The daughter states that her
mother's behavior changed suddenly a few days ago and is now getting worse.
Which action should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
a. Ask if the mother is experiencing any pain with urination
b. Encourage increased intake of high protein foods
c. Instruct the daughter to check her mother's temperature
d. Review the client's current food and medication allergies
e. Determine if the mother has recently experienced a fall -
✔️ a. Ask if the mother is experiencing any pain with urination
c. Instruct the daughter to check her mother's temperature
e. Determine if the mother has recently experienced a fall
The nurse is assessing a male with a history of Addison's disease. The client has flu-
like symptoms and nausea with vomiting over the past week. The client's spouse
reports that he acted confused and was extremely weak when he awoke this
morning. The client is febrile and has tachycardia. The health care provider
diagnoses acute adrenal insufficiency. Which medication will most likely be
prescribed?
a. Hypertonic saline solution at 100 ml/hr until all edema disappears
b. Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV every six hours until systolic BP reaches 110 mmHg
c. Potassium chloride 20 mEq IV to infuse over 2 hours until confusion resolves
d. Regular insulin drip to keep blood glucose around 100 mg/dl (5.55 mmol/L) -
, ✔️
b. Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV every six hours until systolic BP reaches 110
mmHg
A client with a history of mitral valve prolapse is admitted because of fever and
dyspnea on exertion, and is diagnosed with acute infective endocarditis. During the
admission assessment, the nurse observes multiple areas of petechiae on the
client's skin. Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Select all that apply.
a. Monitor cardiac rhythm via telemetry
b. Report changes in pre-existing murmurs
c. Schedule rest periods between activities
d. Maintain record of fluid intake and output
e. Initiate contact transmission precautions -
✔️ a. Monitor cardiac rhythm via telemetry
b. Report changes in pre-existing murmurs
e. Initiate contact transmission precautions
The nurse is planning an educational session for new parents on ways to prevent
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which information is most important to
provide parents of newborns and infants?
a. Remove pillows and soft toys from the crib at bedtime
b. Keep a bulb syringe accessible for use for an infant
c. Position the infant in a supine position while sleeping
d. Do not prop bottles for an infant during naps and bedtime -
✔️ c. Position the infant in a supine position while sleeping
The healthcare provider prescribes methylergonovine maleate for a postpartum
client with uterine atony. What findings should indicate to the nurse to withhold the
next dose of medication?
a. Hypertension
b. Difficulty locating the uterine fundus
c. Saturation of more than one pad per hour
d. Excessive lochia -
✔️ a. Hypertension
The nurse notes that an older adult client has a moist cough that increases in
severity during and after meals. Based on this finding, which action should the nurse
take?
a. Collect a sputum specimen immediately
b. Request a consultation to confirm dysphasia
c. Offer the client additional clear liquids frequently
d. Encourage the client to do deep breathing exercises daily -
✔️b. Request a consultation to confirm dysphasia
A multiparous client who delivered her infant 3 hours ago asks the nurse if she can
take a warm sitz bath because it helped reduce perennial pain after her last delivery.
What action should the nurse implement?
a. Using analgesic spray to the perennial area to reduce pain
b. Apply an ice pack to the perineum for the first 24 hours
c. Teach the client how to practice kegel exercises
,d. Review the use of sitz bath equipment with the client -
✔️ d. Review the use of sitz bath equipment with the client
When the parents of a 6-year-old boy with a brain tumor are told that his condition is
terminal, the mother shouts at the father, "This is your fault! It never would have
happened if we sought treatment sooner!" Which intervention is best for the nurse to
implement?
a. Refer the parents to the chaplain to provide grief counseling
b. Assure the parents that a terminal diagnosis was inevitable
c. Tell the parents that blame each other will not change the situation
d. Explain to the parents that anger is a common response to grief -
✔️b. Assure the parents that a terminal diagnosis was inevitable
but I think d???
The wife of a newly diagnosed client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse if
alternative or complementary medical therapies might cure the disease. Which
response should the nurse provide?
a. Complete a list of alternative medications that are effective in curing parksinson's
disease
b. Explain there are no known conventional, alternative, or complementary therapies
that cure Parkinson's disease
c. Encourage the wife to ventilate her feelings about having a husband with
Parkinson's disease
d. Tell the wife that her husband's neurologist just would know more about
alternative treatments to cure Parkinson's -
✔️ d. Tell the wife that her husband's neurologist just would know more about
alternative treatments to cure Parkinson's
An IV antibiotic is prescribed for a client with a post operative infection. The
medication is to be administered in 4 divided doses. What schedule is best for
administering this prescription?
a. 1000, 1600, 2200, 0400
b. 0800, 1200, 1600, 2000
c. Administer with meals and a bedtime snack
d. Given equally divided doses during waking hours -
✔️ a. 1000, 1600, 2200, 0400
The mother of a child with cerebral palsy (CP) asks the nurse if her child's impaired
movements will worsen as the child grows. Which response provides the best
explanation?
a. Continued development of the brain lesion determines the child's outcome
b. Brain damage with CP is not progressive but it does have variable course
c. CP is one of the most common permanent physical disability in children
d. Severe motor dysfunction determines the extent of successful habilitation -
✔️ b. Brain damage with CP is not progressive but it does have variable course
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for an older female client diagnosed with
osteoporosis. Which expected outcome has the highest priority for this client?
a. Identifies 2 treatments for constipation due to immobility
, b. Names 3 home safety hazards to be resolved immediately
c. States 4 risk factors for the development of osteoporosis
d. Lists five calcium rich foods to be added to her daily diet -
✔️ b. Names 3 home safety hazards to be resolved immediately
A client is recovering in the outpatient surgical unit after an endoscopic carpal tunnel
release. The nurse assesses the client's vital signs, pain level, and dressing. Before
discharging the client, which intervention should the nurse implement?
a. Administer and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for pain
b. Check neurovascular status of the distal digits
c. Change the dressing if drainage increases
d. Position the arm in a sling for discharge -
✔️ b. Check neurovascular status of the distal digits
An older client is admitted in respiratory distress secondary to heart failure (HF),
coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension (HTN), and atrial fibrillation. Which
nursing problem should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that
apply.
a. Fluid volume excess
b. Decreased cardiac output
c. Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
d. Fluid volume deficit
e. Fatigue -
✔️ a. Fluid volume excess
b. Decreased cardiac output
c. Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
e. Fatigue
The nurse is providing preoperative education for a Jewish client scheduled to
receive a xenograft graft to promote burn healing. Which information should the
nurse provide this client?
a. As the burn heels, the graft permanently attaches
b. Graphs are later removed by a debriding procedure
c. Grafting increases the risk for bacterial infections
d. The xenograft is taken from non-human sources -
✔️ d. The xenograft is taken from non-human sources
A client is admitted with a severe asthma attack. For the last three hours the client
has experienced increasing shortness of breath. Arterial blood gas results are: ph
7.22; paco2 55mmhg; HCO3 25 meq/L (25 mmol/L). Which intervention should the
nurse implement?
a. Space care to provide periods of rest
b. Instruct client to purse lip breathe
c. Position client for maximum comfort
d. Administer PRN dose of albuterol -
✔️ d. Administer PRN dose of albuterol
After an unsuccessful resuscitation attempt, the nurse calls the family of the
deceased. The family wish to see the body before it is taken to the funeral home.
correct Answers highlighted) 2022/2023
A mother runs into the emergency department with a toddler in her arms and tells the
nurse that her child got into some cleaning products. the child smells of chemicals on
the hands, face, and on the front of the child's clothes. after ensuring the airway is
patent, what action should the nurse implement first?
a. Assess the child for altered sensorium
b. Determine type of chemical exposure
c. Obtain equipment for gastric lavage
d. Call poison control emergency number -
✔️b. Determine type of chemical exposure
Which conditions are most likely to respond to treatment with antihistamines? Select
all that apply.
a. Bronchitis
b. Allergic rhinitis
c. Otitis media
d. Contact dermatitis
e. Myocarditis -
✔️ b. Allergic rhinitis
d. Contact dermatitis
An older client's daughter calls the home health nurse and reports that her mother
has become forgetful and is very confused at night. The daughter states that her
mother's behavior changed suddenly a few days ago and is now getting worse.
Which action should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
a. Ask if the mother is experiencing any pain with urination
b. Encourage increased intake of high protein foods
c. Instruct the daughter to check her mother's temperature
d. Review the client's current food and medication allergies
e. Determine if the mother has recently experienced a fall -
✔️ a. Ask if the mother is experiencing any pain with urination
c. Instruct the daughter to check her mother's temperature
e. Determine if the mother has recently experienced a fall
The nurse is assessing a male with a history of Addison's disease. The client has flu-
like symptoms and nausea with vomiting over the past week. The client's spouse
reports that he acted confused and was extremely weak when he awoke this
morning. The client is febrile and has tachycardia. The health care provider
diagnoses acute adrenal insufficiency. Which medication will most likely be
prescribed?
a. Hypertonic saline solution at 100 ml/hr until all edema disappears
b. Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV every six hours until systolic BP reaches 110 mmHg
c. Potassium chloride 20 mEq IV to infuse over 2 hours until confusion resolves
d. Regular insulin drip to keep blood glucose around 100 mg/dl (5.55 mmol/L) -
, ✔️
b. Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV every six hours until systolic BP reaches 110
mmHg
A client with a history of mitral valve prolapse is admitted because of fever and
dyspnea on exertion, and is diagnosed with acute infective endocarditis. During the
admission assessment, the nurse observes multiple areas of petechiae on the
client's skin. Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Select all that apply.
a. Monitor cardiac rhythm via telemetry
b. Report changes in pre-existing murmurs
c. Schedule rest periods between activities
d. Maintain record of fluid intake and output
e. Initiate contact transmission precautions -
✔️ a. Monitor cardiac rhythm via telemetry
b. Report changes in pre-existing murmurs
e. Initiate contact transmission precautions
The nurse is planning an educational session for new parents on ways to prevent
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which information is most important to
provide parents of newborns and infants?
a. Remove pillows and soft toys from the crib at bedtime
b. Keep a bulb syringe accessible for use for an infant
c. Position the infant in a supine position while sleeping
d. Do not prop bottles for an infant during naps and bedtime -
✔️ c. Position the infant in a supine position while sleeping
The healthcare provider prescribes methylergonovine maleate for a postpartum
client with uterine atony. What findings should indicate to the nurse to withhold the
next dose of medication?
a. Hypertension
b. Difficulty locating the uterine fundus
c. Saturation of more than one pad per hour
d. Excessive lochia -
✔️ a. Hypertension
The nurse notes that an older adult client has a moist cough that increases in
severity during and after meals. Based on this finding, which action should the nurse
take?
a. Collect a sputum specimen immediately
b. Request a consultation to confirm dysphasia
c. Offer the client additional clear liquids frequently
d. Encourage the client to do deep breathing exercises daily -
✔️b. Request a consultation to confirm dysphasia
A multiparous client who delivered her infant 3 hours ago asks the nurse if she can
take a warm sitz bath because it helped reduce perennial pain after her last delivery.
What action should the nurse implement?
a. Using analgesic spray to the perennial area to reduce pain
b. Apply an ice pack to the perineum for the first 24 hours
c. Teach the client how to practice kegel exercises
,d. Review the use of sitz bath equipment with the client -
✔️ d. Review the use of sitz bath equipment with the client
When the parents of a 6-year-old boy with a brain tumor are told that his condition is
terminal, the mother shouts at the father, "This is your fault! It never would have
happened if we sought treatment sooner!" Which intervention is best for the nurse to
implement?
a. Refer the parents to the chaplain to provide grief counseling
b. Assure the parents that a terminal diagnosis was inevitable
c. Tell the parents that blame each other will not change the situation
d. Explain to the parents that anger is a common response to grief -
✔️b. Assure the parents that a terminal diagnosis was inevitable
but I think d???
The wife of a newly diagnosed client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse if
alternative or complementary medical therapies might cure the disease. Which
response should the nurse provide?
a. Complete a list of alternative medications that are effective in curing parksinson's
disease
b. Explain there are no known conventional, alternative, or complementary therapies
that cure Parkinson's disease
c. Encourage the wife to ventilate her feelings about having a husband with
Parkinson's disease
d. Tell the wife that her husband's neurologist just would know more about
alternative treatments to cure Parkinson's -
✔️ d. Tell the wife that her husband's neurologist just would know more about
alternative treatments to cure Parkinson's
An IV antibiotic is prescribed for a client with a post operative infection. The
medication is to be administered in 4 divided doses. What schedule is best for
administering this prescription?
a. 1000, 1600, 2200, 0400
b. 0800, 1200, 1600, 2000
c. Administer with meals and a bedtime snack
d. Given equally divided doses during waking hours -
✔️ a. 1000, 1600, 2200, 0400
The mother of a child with cerebral palsy (CP) asks the nurse if her child's impaired
movements will worsen as the child grows. Which response provides the best
explanation?
a. Continued development of the brain lesion determines the child's outcome
b. Brain damage with CP is not progressive but it does have variable course
c. CP is one of the most common permanent physical disability in children
d. Severe motor dysfunction determines the extent of successful habilitation -
✔️ b. Brain damage with CP is not progressive but it does have variable course
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for an older female client diagnosed with
osteoporosis. Which expected outcome has the highest priority for this client?
a. Identifies 2 treatments for constipation due to immobility
, b. Names 3 home safety hazards to be resolved immediately
c. States 4 risk factors for the development of osteoporosis
d. Lists five calcium rich foods to be added to her daily diet -
✔️ b. Names 3 home safety hazards to be resolved immediately
A client is recovering in the outpatient surgical unit after an endoscopic carpal tunnel
release. The nurse assesses the client's vital signs, pain level, and dressing. Before
discharging the client, which intervention should the nurse implement?
a. Administer and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for pain
b. Check neurovascular status of the distal digits
c. Change the dressing if drainage increases
d. Position the arm in a sling for discharge -
✔️ b. Check neurovascular status of the distal digits
An older client is admitted in respiratory distress secondary to heart failure (HF),
coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension (HTN), and atrial fibrillation. Which
nursing problem should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that
apply.
a. Fluid volume excess
b. Decreased cardiac output
c. Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
d. Fluid volume deficit
e. Fatigue -
✔️ a. Fluid volume excess
b. Decreased cardiac output
c. Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
e. Fatigue
The nurse is providing preoperative education for a Jewish client scheduled to
receive a xenograft graft to promote burn healing. Which information should the
nurse provide this client?
a. As the burn heels, the graft permanently attaches
b. Graphs are later removed by a debriding procedure
c. Grafting increases the risk for bacterial infections
d. The xenograft is taken from non-human sources -
✔️ d. The xenograft is taken from non-human sources
A client is admitted with a severe asthma attack. For the last three hours the client
has experienced increasing shortness of breath. Arterial blood gas results are: ph
7.22; paco2 55mmhg; HCO3 25 meq/L (25 mmol/L). Which intervention should the
nurse implement?
a. Space care to provide periods of rest
b. Instruct client to purse lip breathe
c. Position client for maximum comfort
d. Administer PRN dose of albuterol -
✔️ d. Administer PRN dose of albuterol
After an unsuccessful resuscitation attempt, the nurse calls the family of the
deceased. The family wish to see the body before it is taken to the funeral home.
