,Solutions to Problem Sets FC FC FC
The selected solutions to all 12 chapters problem sets are presented in this manual. The prob
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
lem sets depict examples of practical applications of the concepts described in the book, m
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
ore detailed analysis of some of the ideas, or in some cases present a new concept.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
Note that selected problems have been given answers already in the book.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
,1 Chapter One FC
1. Using spherical coordinates, find the capacitance formed by two concentric spheric
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al conducting shells of radius a, and b. What is the capacitance of a metallic marbl
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
e with a diameter of 1cm in free space? Hint: let 𝑏 → ∞, thus, 𝐶 = 4𝜋𝜀𝜀0𝑎 = 0.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC F C FC FC FC
55𝑝𝐹.
Solution: Suppose the inner sphere has a surface charge density of +𝜌𝑆. The outer su
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rface charge density is negative, and proportionally smaller (by (𝑎/𝑏)2) to keep the to
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tal charge the same.
FC FC FC
-
+
+S - + a + -
b
+
-
From Gauss’s law:FC FC
ф𝐷 ⋅ 𝑑𝑆 = 𝑄𝑄 = +𝜌𝑆4𝜋𝑎2
FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝑆
Thus, inside the sphere (𝑎 ≤ 𝑟 ≤
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝑏):
FC
𝑎2
𝐷 = 𝜌𝑆 2 𝑎𝑟 FC FC
𝑟 FC
FC
Assuming a potential of 𝑉0 between 𝑎 1the inner
2 and 2 1 1 we have:
outer surfaces,
𝜌 𝑎 𝑑𝑟 = 𝜌𝑆 𝑎
FC FC FC FC FC F CFC FC F C FC FC FC FC FC
𝑉 = − FC F C
FC
F C FC FC F C FC F C
0 𝑆 ( − ) FC FCF C F C F
C
2
𝑏 𝑟 𝜖 𝑎 𝑏 F C F
Thus: 𝜖 C
𝜌𝑆4𝜋𝑎2 = 4𝜋𝜖
𝑄𝑄 F C F C
𝐶 =𝑉 =
𝜌 𝑆 21 1 1 1 F C FC FC
F C
F C
𝜖 𝑎 (𝑎 − 𝑏) 𝑎 − 𝑏
0 FC FC
FC FC
1
In the case of a metallic marble, 𝑏 → ∞, and hence: 𝐶 = 𝑎. Letting 𝜀 =
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
F C F C FCFC
4𝜋𝜀𝜀0
FC 𝜀0 ×
36𝜋
5
10−9, and 𝑎 = 0.5𝑐𝑚, it yields 𝐶 = 𝑝𝐹 = 0.55𝑝𝐹. FC
F C FC
FC FC FC FC FC FC F C FC F C
9
2. Consider the parallel plate capacitor containing two different dielectrics. Find the t
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otal capacitance as a function of the parameters shown in the figure.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
, Area: A FC
1
d1
2
d2
Solution: Since in the boundary no charge exists (perfect insulator), the normal compon
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ent of the electric flux density has to be equal in each dielectric. That is:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝐷1 = 𝐷𝟐𝟐
F C FC
Accordingly:
𝜖1𝐸1 = 𝜖2𝐸𝟐𝟐 F C FC
Assuming a surface charge density of +𝜌𝑆 for the top plate, and −𝜌𝑆 for the bottom pl
FC FC FC FC FC FC F C FC FC FC FC FC F C FC FC FC
ate, the electric field (or flux has a component only in z direction, and we have:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝐷1 = 𝐷𝟐𝟐 = −𝜌𝑆𝑎𝑧
FC FC FC FC
If the potential between the top ad bottom plates is 𝑉0, based on the line integral we obtain:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝑑1+𝑑2 𝑑2F C
−𝜌𝑆 𝑑1+𝑑2F C −𝜌 𝜌𝑆 𝜌𝑆
𝑉0 = − 𝐸. 𝑑𝑧 = − 𝑆 𝑑𝑧 = 𝑑1 + 𝑑2
𝜖 FC F C
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝜖 𝜖 FC FC
𝜖
𝑑𝑧 FC
F C F C
−
0 0 2 𝑑2 1 1 2
Since the total charge on each plate is: 𝑄𝑄 = 𝜌𝑆𝐴, the capacitance is found to be:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
= 𝐴 F C
FC
𝐶 = 𝑄𝑄 𝑑 𝑑 F C F C F C
𝑉
0 1F C 2
+ 𝜖2 FC
𝜖1
which is analogous to two parallel capacito
FC FC FC FC FC FC
rs.
3. What would be the capacitance of the structure in problem 2 if there were a third con
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
ductor with zero thickness at the interface of the dielectrics? How would the electric fi
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eld lines look? How does the capacitance change if the spacing between the top and bot
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
tom plates are kept the same, but the conductor thickness is not zero?
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
The selected solutions to all 12 chapters problem sets are presented in this manual. The prob
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
lem sets depict examples of practical applications of the concepts described in the book, m
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
ore detailed analysis of some of the ideas, or in some cases present a new concept.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
Note that selected problems have been given answers already in the book.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
,1 Chapter One FC
1. Using spherical coordinates, find the capacitance formed by two concentric spheric
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
al conducting shells of radius a, and b. What is the capacitance of a metallic marbl
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
e with a diameter of 1cm in free space? Hint: let 𝑏 → ∞, thus, 𝐶 = 4𝜋𝜀𝜀0𝑎 = 0.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC F C FC FC FC
55𝑝𝐹.
Solution: Suppose the inner sphere has a surface charge density of +𝜌𝑆. The outer su
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
rface charge density is negative, and proportionally smaller (by (𝑎/𝑏)2) to keep the to
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
tal charge the same.
FC FC FC
-
+
+S - + a + -
b
+
-
From Gauss’s law:FC FC
ф𝐷 ⋅ 𝑑𝑆 = 𝑄𝑄 = +𝜌𝑆4𝜋𝑎2
FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝑆
Thus, inside the sphere (𝑎 ≤ 𝑟 ≤
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝑏):
FC
𝑎2
𝐷 = 𝜌𝑆 2 𝑎𝑟 FC FC
𝑟 FC
FC
Assuming a potential of 𝑉0 between 𝑎 1the inner
2 and 2 1 1 we have:
outer surfaces,
𝜌 𝑎 𝑑𝑟 = 𝜌𝑆 𝑎
FC FC FC FC FC F CFC FC F C FC FC FC FC FC
𝑉 = − FC F C
FC
F C FC FC F C FC F C
0 𝑆 ( − ) FC FCF C F C F
C
2
𝑏 𝑟 𝜖 𝑎 𝑏 F C F
Thus: 𝜖 C
𝜌𝑆4𝜋𝑎2 = 4𝜋𝜖
𝑄𝑄 F C F C
𝐶 =𝑉 =
𝜌 𝑆 21 1 1 1 F C FC FC
F C
F C
𝜖 𝑎 (𝑎 − 𝑏) 𝑎 − 𝑏
0 FC FC
FC FC
1
In the case of a metallic marble, 𝑏 → ∞, and hence: 𝐶 = 𝑎. Letting 𝜀 =
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
F C F C FCFC
4𝜋𝜀𝜀0
FC 𝜀0 ×
36𝜋
5
10−9, and 𝑎 = 0.5𝑐𝑚, it yields 𝐶 = 𝑝𝐹 = 0.55𝑝𝐹. FC
F C FC
FC FC FC FC FC FC F C FC F C
9
2. Consider the parallel plate capacitor containing two different dielectrics. Find the t
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
otal capacitance as a function of the parameters shown in the figure.
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
, Area: A FC
1
d1
2
d2
Solution: Since in the boundary no charge exists (perfect insulator), the normal compon
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
ent of the electric flux density has to be equal in each dielectric. That is:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝐷1 = 𝐷𝟐𝟐
F C FC
Accordingly:
𝜖1𝐸1 = 𝜖2𝐸𝟐𝟐 F C FC
Assuming a surface charge density of +𝜌𝑆 for the top plate, and −𝜌𝑆 for the bottom pl
FC FC FC FC FC FC F C FC FC FC FC FC F C FC FC FC
ate, the electric field (or flux has a component only in z direction, and we have:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝐷1 = 𝐷𝟐𝟐 = −𝜌𝑆𝑎𝑧
FC FC FC FC
If the potential between the top ad bottom plates is 𝑉0, based on the line integral we obtain:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝑑1+𝑑2 𝑑2F C
−𝜌𝑆 𝑑1+𝑑2F C −𝜌 𝜌𝑆 𝜌𝑆
𝑉0 = − 𝐸. 𝑑𝑧 = − 𝑆 𝑑𝑧 = 𝑑1 + 𝑑2
𝜖 FC F C
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
𝜖 𝜖 FC FC
𝜖
𝑑𝑧 FC
F C F C
−
0 0 2 𝑑2 1 1 2
Since the total charge on each plate is: 𝑄𝑄 = 𝜌𝑆𝐴, the capacitance is found to be:
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
= 𝐴 F C
FC
𝐶 = 𝑄𝑄 𝑑 𝑑 F C F C F C
𝑉
0 1F C 2
+ 𝜖2 FC
𝜖1
which is analogous to two parallel capacito
FC FC FC FC FC FC
rs.
3. What would be the capacitance of the structure in problem 2 if there were a third con
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
ductor with zero thickness at the interface of the dielectrics? How would the electric fi
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
eld lines look? How does the capacitance change if the spacing between the top and bot
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC
tom plates are kept the same, but the conductor thickness is not zero?
FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC FC