NUR 2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE 2 EXAM 2 / MDC2 EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM 75 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Uncompensated - (answer) pH and one other value is abnormal
Partial compensation - (answer) pH, CO2, and HCO3 are all off
Full compensation - (answer) pH is normal
Acidosis - (answer) reduces the excitability of cardiovascular muscle, neurons, skeletal muscle, and
smooth muscle.
Alkalosis - (answer) increases the sensitivity of excitable tissues allowing them to OVERRESPOND
without stimulation
ABG considerations - (answer) - Assess cardiovascular w/ acidosis (cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia)
- Assess neuro status
- Fall precautions
Bicarb HC03 - (answer) kidney compensation (slow and powerful)
Respiratory PaC02 - (answer) Respiratory compensation (fast but limited)
Metabolic acidosis causes - (answer) DKA, Starvation, diarrhea, kidney failure, dehydration, liver
failure, pancreatitis, heavy exercise, seizure activity, fever, hypoxia, ischemia, ethanol/methanol
intoxication
Metabolic acidosis signs and symptoms - (answer) bradycardia, hypotension, thready pulse, CNS
depression, hyporeflexia, kussmal resp (with resp compensation), warm, flushed, dry skin.
Metabolic acidosis treatment - (answer) hydration and medication to treat underlying problems (DKA -
give insulin).
, NUR 2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE 2 EXAM 2 / MDC2 EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM 75 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Metabolic alkalosis causes - (answer) antacids, blood transfusion, sodium bicarbonate, total parenteral
nutrition (TPN), prolonged vomiting, nasogastric suctioning, hypercortisolism, hyperaldosteronism,
Loop/Thiazide diuretics.
Metabolic Alkalosis s/s - (answer) anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures, POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE
TROUSSEAU, parathesis, hyperreflexia, muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle weakness,
Tachycardia, norm/low BP, increased Digoxin toxicity, decreased respiratory effort (muscle weakness).
metabolic alkalosis treatment - (answer) restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
Respiratory acidosis cause - (answer) Opioids, anesthetics, electrolyte imbalance, inadequate chest
expansion, muscle weakness, airway obstruction, alveolar-capillary block.
Respiratory acidosis s/s - (answer) bradycardia, hypotension, thready pulse, CNS depression,
hyporeflexia, ineffective respirations, pale-to-cyanotic dry skin.
Respiratory acidosis treatment - (answer) (Assess airway) Improve gas exchange, drug therapy
(bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory), oxygen therapy (lowest flow possible), ventilation.
Respiratory alkalosis cause - (answer) Hyperventilation (fear, anxiety), mechanical ventilation,
salicylate toxicity, high altitudes, early-stage acute pulmonary issues.
respiratory alkalosis s/s - (answer) anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures, POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE
TROUSSEAU (hypocalcemia), parathesis, hyperreflexia, muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle
weakness, Tachycardia, norm/low BP, increased Digoxin toxicity, hyperventilation
respiratory alkalosis treatment - (answer) restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
How do acid/base imbalances affect electrolytes - (answer) - Potassium levels increase in acidosis as
the body attempts to maintain electroneutrality during buffering.
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Uncompensated - (answer) pH and one other value is abnormal
Partial compensation - (answer) pH, CO2, and HCO3 are all off
Full compensation - (answer) pH is normal
Acidosis - (answer) reduces the excitability of cardiovascular muscle, neurons, skeletal muscle, and
smooth muscle.
Alkalosis - (answer) increases the sensitivity of excitable tissues allowing them to OVERRESPOND
without stimulation
ABG considerations - (answer) - Assess cardiovascular w/ acidosis (cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia)
- Assess neuro status
- Fall precautions
Bicarb HC03 - (answer) kidney compensation (slow and powerful)
Respiratory PaC02 - (answer) Respiratory compensation (fast but limited)
Metabolic acidosis causes - (answer) DKA, Starvation, diarrhea, kidney failure, dehydration, liver
failure, pancreatitis, heavy exercise, seizure activity, fever, hypoxia, ischemia, ethanol/methanol
intoxication
Metabolic acidosis signs and symptoms - (answer) bradycardia, hypotension, thready pulse, CNS
depression, hyporeflexia, kussmal resp (with resp compensation), warm, flushed, dry skin.
Metabolic acidosis treatment - (answer) hydration and medication to treat underlying problems (DKA -
give insulin).
, NUR 2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE 2 EXAM 2 / MDC2 EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM 75 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Metabolic alkalosis causes - (answer) antacids, blood transfusion, sodium bicarbonate, total parenteral
nutrition (TPN), prolonged vomiting, nasogastric suctioning, hypercortisolism, hyperaldosteronism,
Loop/Thiazide diuretics.
Metabolic Alkalosis s/s - (answer) anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures, POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE
TROUSSEAU, parathesis, hyperreflexia, muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle weakness,
Tachycardia, norm/low BP, increased Digoxin toxicity, decreased respiratory effort (muscle weakness).
metabolic alkalosis treatment - (answer) restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
Respiratory acidosis cause - (answer) Opioids, anesthetics, electrolyte imbalance, inadequate chest
expansion, muscle weakness, airway obstruction, alveolar-capillary block.
Respiratory acidosis s/s - (answer) bradycardia, hypotension, thready pulse, CNS depression,
hyporeflexia, ineffective respirations, pale-to-cyanotic dry skin.
Respiratory acidosis treatment - (answer) (Assess airway) Improve gas exchange, drug therapy
(bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory), oxygen therapy (lowest flow possible), ventilation.
Respiratory alkalosis cause - (answer) Hyperventilation (fear, anxiety), mechanical ventilation,
salicylate toxicity, high altitudes, early-stage acute pulmonary issues.
respiratory alkalosis s/s - (answer) anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures, POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE
TROUSSEAU (hypocalcemia), parathesis, hyperreflexia, muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle
weakness, Tachycardia, norm/low BP, increased Digoxin toxicity, hyperventilation
respiratory alkalosis treatment - (answer) restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
How do acid/base imbalances affect electrolytes - (answer) - Potassium levels increase in acidosis as
the body attempts to maintain electroneutrality during buffering.
