PUP 3002 Exam I Questions with
Correct Answers
Collective Action Dilemmas - ANSWER-situations in which individually rational
incentives do not align with shared, collective interests
micro-level incentives that prevent individuals from organizing to advocate for
benefits individually even though they may extract those collectively
you cannot exclude those memebers of the group who did not contribute to the
groups efforts
policy entrepreneurs - ANSWER-any indiviaul who advocates, organizes or attempt
to define a policy problem or solution being an advocate is part of the pay off of
being involved
dominant policy image - ANSWER-the image that most citizens think of when a
phrase or policy is mentioned
policy window - ANSWER-an opportunity in time where political and policy pressures
align momentarily to allow some set of policy problems and solutions to meet i.e
during The Great Recession it was easier to vite for a massive regulatory overhaul of
the security and exchange commission's oversight of the financial systen
policy demands - ANSWER-pressures placed upon elected leaders and
policymakers that change the costs of their inaction some can be stronger than
others (incentives)
credible action - ANSWER-a promised or threatened action that the action's target
believes will be carried out with a high probability promosing benefits - competing
groups will offer benefits as information subsidies to enhance policymakers' ability to
advocate for politics that they already favor
agenda setting - ANSWER-the process by which formal institutional centers of power
will take up and potentially act on a policy solution normally the elite domain :
advocacy coalitions - ANSWER-policy subsystems that consist of a variety of
interests, including actors within administrative agencies, legislative committees,
researchers, policy analysts
factors that drive agenda setting - ANSWER-1. formal institutional actors
2. actors external to formal institutions
3. external shocks
, technical complexity - ANSWER-level of knowledge that is required to understand a
policy area i.e nuclear power is a high technical complex policy area
policy salience - ANSWER-the number of citizens that are likely to be affected by the
policy in a significant way - enviroment , social secuirty, health care are all highly
salient
cost benefit analysis - ANSWER-identifying all of the cots of a proposed policy or
project, and all of its benefits, and calculating a ratio to determine whether benefits
exceed costs
policy evaluation - ANSWER-systematic investigation of the effects of a policy on its
intended social target, prior to action
program evaluation - ANSWER-systematic investigation of the effect of a policy on
its intended social target, once enacted
policy neutral - ANSWER-analyst must guard against injecting their own political
beliefs into the analysis process
model of public policy - ANSWER-a simplified representation of the causal
relationships that link any number of policy inputs with a policy output of interest
casual relationship - ANSWER-relationship between an input variable and an output
variable, where an outcome variable has changed due to an exposure to an input
variable
necessary condition - ANSWER-whenever we observe the presence of Y, we must
also observe X
X is necessary to cause Y. so when we observe Y, we must also observe X- if we
dont have X, we wont have Y
Having gasoline in my caris a necessary condition for my car to start
sufficient condition - ANSWER-whenever we observe the presence of X, we must
also observe Y
a condition or set of conditions that will produce the event.- if we have X , Y must
follow
Rain pouring from the sky is a sufficient condition for the ground to be wet.
conditional casuality - ANSWER-the effect of one variable, X on Y is moderated by
the effect of another variable, Z
parents who are college educated will increase their income and effect their child's
academic success
deterministic relationships - ANSWER-relationship that will always produce the same
output from a treatment or initial state
Correct Answers
Collective Action Dilemmas - ANSWER-situations in which individually rational
incentives do not align with shared, collective interests
micro-level incentives that prevent individuals from organizing to advocate for
benefits individually even though they may extract those collectively
you cannot exclude those memebers of the group who did not contribute to the
groups efforts
policy entrepreneurs - ANSWER-any indiviaul who advocates, organizes or attempt
to define a policy problem or solution being an advocate is part of the pay off of
being involved
dominant policy image - ANSWER-the image that most citizens think of when a
phrase or policy is mentioned
policy window - ANSWER-an opportunity in time where political and policy pressures
align momentarily to allow some set of policy problems and solutions to meet i.e
during The Great Recession it was easier to vite for a massive regulatory overhaul of
the security and exchange commission's oversight of the financial systen
policy demands - ANSWER-pressures placed upon elected leaders and
policymakers that change the costs of their inaction some can be stronger than
others (incentives)
credible action - ANSWER-a promised or threatened action that the action's target
believes will be carried out with a high probability promosing benefits - competing
groups will offer benefits as information subsidies to enhance policymakers' ability to
advocate for politics that they already favor
agenda setting - ANSWER-the process by which formal institutional centers of power
will take up and potentially act on a policy solution normally the elite domain :
advocacy coalitions - ANSWER-policy subsystems that consist of a variety of
interests, including actors within administrative agencies, legislative committees,
researchers, policy analysts
factors that drive agenda setting - ANSWER-1. formal institutional actors
2. actors external to formal institutions
3. external shocks
, technical complexity - ANSWER-level of knowledge that is required to understand a
policy area i.e nuclear power is a high technical complex policy area
policy salience - ANSWER-the number of citizens that are likely to be affected by the
policy in a significant way - enviroment , social secuirty, health care are all highly
salient
cost benefit analysis - ANSWER-identifying all of the cots of a proposed policy or
project, and all of its benefits, and calculating a ratio to determine whether benefits
exceed costs
policy evaluation - ANSWER-systematic investigation of the effects of a policy on its
intended social target, prior to action
program evaluation - ANSWER-systematic investigation of the effect of a policy on
its intended social target, once enacted
policy neutral - ANSWER-analyst must guard against injecting their own political
beliefs into the analysis process
model of public policy - ANSWER-a simplified representation of the causal
relationships that link any number of policy inputs with a policy output of interest
casual relationship - ANSWER-relationship between an input variable and an output
variable, where an outcome variable has changed due to an exposure to an input
variable
necessary condition - ANSWER-whenever we observe the presence of Y, we must
also observe X
X is necessary to cause Y. so when we observe Y, we must also observe X- if we
dont have X, we wont have Y
Having gasoline in my caris a necessary condition for my car to start
sufficient condition - ANSWER-whenever we observe the presence of X, we must
also observe Y
a condition or set of conditions that will produce the event.- if we have X , Y must
follow
Rain pouring from the sky is a sufficient condition for the ground to be wet.
conditional casuality - ANSWER-the effect of one variable, X on Y is moderated by
the effect of another variable, Z
parents who are college educated will increase their income and effect their child's
academic success
deterministic relationships - ANSWER-relationship that will always produce the same
output from a treatment or initial state
