HESI RN Pharmacology Practice Exam — 2026 -Questions And Answers
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1. A nurse is teaching a patient about taking warfarin. Which instruction is most important?
A. Take with grapefruit juice
B. Avoid sudden changes in vitamin K intake
C. Take only at bedtime
D. Double the dose if a dose is missed
Answer: B
Rationale: Warfarin’s effect is influenced by vitamin K, which can alter anticoagulation.
2. Which drug is classified as a loop diuretic?
A. Furosemide
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Spironolactone
D. Mannitol
Answer: A
Rationale: Loop diuretics inhibit sodium and water reabsorption in the loop of Henle.
3. A patient on digoxin shows nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances. What should the
nurse do first?
A. Administer a diuretic
B. Hold the dose and notify the provider
C. Increase fluid intake
D. Document the symptoms only
Answer: B
Rationale: These are signs of digoxin toxicity; the dose should be held and the provider notified.
4. Which class of drugs is first-line for hypertension?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Diuretics
Answer: D
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are commonly used first-line for essential hypertension.
,5. A patient receiving morphine develops pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, and
lethargy. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer naloxone
B. Increase morphine dose
C. Apply oxygen
D. Encourage deep breathing
Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone reverses opioid toxicity; priority is airway and reversal.
6. Which medication is used to treat hyperthyroidism?
A. Levothyroxine
B. Methimazole
C. Prednisone
D. Insulin
Answer: B
Rationale: Methimazole inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis and treats hyperthyroidism.
7. Which insulin has the fastest onset?
A. Regular
B. NPH
C. Lispro
D. Glargine
Answer: C
Rationale: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with onset of 10–15 minutes.
8. A patient is prescribed albuterol. What is the primary purpose?
A. Reduce inflammation
B. Bronchodilation
C. Sedation
D. Pain relief
Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol is a beta-2 agonist that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle.
9. Which lab should the nurse monitor for a patient on heparin?
A. PT
B. INR
, C. aPTT
D. Creatinine
Answer: C
Rationale: aPTT monitors the therapeutic effect of unfractionated heparin.
10. A patient taking hydrochlorothiazide should be monitored for:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can cause potassium loss.
11. Which antibiotic is safe for treating MRSA?
A. Vancomycin
B. Amoxicillin
C. Ciprofloxacin
D. Gentamicin
Answer: A
Rationale: Vancomycin is the drug of choice for MRSA infections.
12. Which adverse effect is most concerning for a patient taking aminoglycosides?
A. Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
B. Constipation
C. Hypotension
D. Headache
Answer: A
Rationale: Aminoglycosides can damage kidneys and inner ear.
13. A patient is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. Which instruction is correct?
A. Take a new dose every 15 minutes indefinitely
B. Place under the tongue and call 911 if pain persists after 5 minutes
C. Swallow with water
D. Avoid all fluids while taking
Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual nitroglycerin acts rapidly; persistent chest pain is a medical emergency.
Latest Updates With Correct Answers 100% With Complete Solutions Pass
Guaranteed-Graded A+
1. A nurse is teaching a patient about taking warfarin. Which instruction is most important?
A. Take with grapefruit juice
B. Avoid sudden changes in vitamin K intake
C. Take only at bedtime
D. Double the dose if a dose is missed
Answer: B
Rationale: Warfarin’s effect is influenced by vitamin K, which can alter anticoagulation.
2. Which drug is classified as a loop diuretic?
A. Furosemide
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Spironolactone
D. Mannitol
Answer: A
Rationale: Loop diuretics inhibit sodium and water reabsorption in the loop of Henle.
3. A patient on digoxin shows nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances. What should the
nurse do first?
A. Administer a diuretic
B. Hold the dose and notify the provider
C. Increase fluid intake
D. Document the symptoms only
Answer: B
Rationale: These are signs of digoxin toxicity; the dose should be held and the provider notified.
4. Which class of drugs is first-line for hypertension?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Diuretics
Answer: D
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are commonly used first-line for essential hypertension.
,5. A patient receiving morphine develops pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, and
lethargy. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer naloxone
B. Increase morphine dose
C. Apply oxygen
D. Encourage deep breathing
Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone reverses opioid toxicity; priority is airway and reversal.
6. Which medication is used to treat hyperthyroidism?
A. Levothyroxine
B. Methimazole
C. Prednisone
D. Insulin
Answer: B
Rationale: Methimazole inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis and treats hyperthyroidism.
7. Which insulin has the fastest onset?
A. Regular
B. NPH
C. Lispro
D. Glargine
Answer: C
Rationale: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with onset of 10–15 minutes.
8. A patient is prescribed albuterol. What is the primary purpose?
A. Reduce inflammation
B. Bronchodilation
C. Sedation
D. Pain relief
Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol is a beta-2 agonist that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle.
9. Which lab should the nurse monitor for a patient on heparin?
A. PT
B. INR
, C. aPTT
D. Creatinine
Answer: C
Rationale: aPTT monitors the therapeutic effect of unfractionated heparin.
10. A patient taking hydrochlorothiazide should be monitored for:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can cause potassium loss.
11. Which antibiotic is safe for treating MRSA?
A. Vancomycin
B. Amoxicillin
C. Ciprofloxacin
D. Gentamicin
Answer: A
Rationale: Vancomycin is the drug of choice for MRSA infections.
12. Which adverse effect is most concerning for a patient taking aminoglycosides?
A. Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
B. Constipation
C. Hypotension
D. Headache
Answer: A
Rationale: Aminoglycosides can damage kidneys and inner ear.
13. A patient is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. Which instruction is correct?
A. Take a new dose every 15 minutes indefinitely
B. Place under the tongue and call 911 if pain persists after 5 minutes
C. Swallow with water
D. Avoid all fluids while taking
Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual nitroglycerin acts rapidly; persistent chest pain is a medical emergency.
