Page 1 of 54
NR228/NR 228 NUTRITION EXAM 2 LATEST ACTUAL
EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS/AGRADE
Vitamins .....ANSWER.....organic molecules needed in very small
amounts for cellular metabolism
Water and minerals .....ANSWER.....are primary components of
body fluids and also perform other functions in the body
Thiamin (B1) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - serves as a coenzyme in
energy metabolism, nerve functioning related to muscle actions
§ Source - lean pork, whole/enriched grains and flours, legumes,
seeds, and nuts
Thiam (B1) RDA .....ANSWER.....1.2 mg for men and 1.1 mg for
women. Increases as metabolic rate rises.
Riboflavin (B2) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzyme in the
release of energy from nutrients in every cell of the body
,Page 2 of 54
§ Source - milk is major source, small amounts in enriched grain.
Broccoli, asparagus, dark leafy greens, whole grains, and
enriched breads and cereals, dairy products, meats, fish, poultry,
and eggs.
Riboflavin (B2) RDA .....ANSWER.....§ 1.3 mg for men, 1.1 mg for
women, increased in periods of growth
Niacin (B3) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzyme for many
enzymes, especially those involved in energy metabolism. Critical
for glycolysis and TCA cycle.
§ Source - protein containing foods - meats, fish, poultry,
legumes, enriched cereals, milk, coffee and tea
Niacin (B3) RDA .....ANSWER.....men 16 mg niacin equivalent,
women 14 mg
Pyridoxine (B6) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - acts as coenzyme in
metabolism of amino acids and proteins. Involved in formation of
neurotransmitters and essential for proper function of nervous
,Page 3 of 54
system. Also a coenzyme for fatty acid and carbohydrate
metabolism.
§ Source - whole grains, cereals, legumes, chicken, fish, pork, and
eggs.
Pyridoxine (B6) RDA .....ANSWER.....§ Recommended Intake - 1.3
mg for men and women
Folate .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzyme in reactions involving
the transfer of on-carbon units during metabolism. Required for
synthesis of amino acids, DNA, and RNA, to form heme portion of
hemoglobin. B12 must be available for folate to be maintained.
Role in proper formation of fetal neural tubes. Reduces risk of
spina bifida, and anencephaly
§ Source - fortified and enriched breads, flours, cereals,
cornmeal, rice, pastas. Leafy green vegetables, legumes, ready-
to-eat cereals, and some fruits/juices.
, Page 4 of 54
Folate RDA .....ANSWER.....400 micrograms for men and women.
600 during pregnancy. 500 during lactation.
Cobalamin (B12) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzymes in
humans. Folate metabolism. Metabolism of fatty acids and amino
acids. Develops and maintains myelin sheaths that surround and
protect nerve fibers.
§ Source - foods of animal origin are only reliable sources.
Cobalamin (B12) RDA .....ANSWER.....Young adult RDA is 2.4
micrograms, requires intrinsic factor
Biotin .....ANSWER.....§ Function - assists in transfer of carbon
dioxide from one compound to another, playing an important
role in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.
§ Sources - richest sources are liver, kidney, peanut butter, egg
yolks, and yeast.
Biotin RDA .....ANSWER.....30 micrograms per day.
NR228/NR 228 NUTRITION EXAM 2 LATEST ACTUAL
EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS/AGRADE
Vitamins .....ANSWER.....organic molecules needed in very small
amounts for cellular metabolism
Water and minerals .....ANSWER.....are primary components of
body fluids and also perform other functions in the body
Thiamin (B1) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - serves as a coenzyme in
energy metabolism, nerve functioning related to muscle actions
§ Source - lean pork, whole/enriched grains and flours, legumes,
seeds, and nuts
Thiam (B1) RDA .....ANSWER.....1.2 mg for men and 1.1 mg for
women. Increases as metabolic rate rises.
Riboflavin (B2) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzyme in the
release of energy from nutrients in every cell of the body
,Page 2 of 54
§ Source - milk is major source, small amounts in enriched grain.
Broccoli, asparagus, dark leafy greens, whole grains, and
enriched breads and cereals, dairy products, meats, fish, poultry,
and eggs.
Riboflavin (B2) RDA .....ANSWER.....§ 1.3 mg for men, 1.1 mg for
women, increased in periods of growth
Niacin (B3) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzyme for many
enzymes, especially those involved in energy metabolism. Critical
for glycolysis and TCA cycle.
§ Source - protein containing foods - meats, fish, poultry,
legumes, enriched cereals, milk, coffee and tea
Niacin (B3) RDA .....ANSWER.....men 16 mg niacin equivalent,
women 14 mg
Pyridoxine (B6) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - acts as coenzyme in
metabolism of amino acids and proteins. Involved in formation of
neurotransmitters and essential for proper function of nervous
,Page 3 of 54
system. Also a coenzyme for fatty acid and carbohydrate
metabolism.
§ Source - whole grains, cereals, legumes, chicken, fish, pork, and
eggs.
Pyridoxine (B6) RDA .....ANSWER.....§ Recommended Intake - 1.3
mg for men and women
Folate .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzyme in reactions involving
the transfer of on-carbon units during metabolism. Required for
synthesis of amino acids, DNA, and RNA, to form heme portion of
hemoglobin. B12 must be available for folate to be maintained.
Role in proper formation of fetal neural tubes. Reduces risk of
spina bifida, and anencephaly
§ Source - fortified and enriched breads, flours, cereals,
cornmeal, rice, pastas. Leafy green vegetables, legumes, ready-
to-eat cereals, and some fruits/juices.
, Page 4 of 54
Folate RDA .....ANSWER.....400 micrograms for men and women.
600 during pregnancy. 500 during lactation.
Cobalamin (B12) .....ANSWER.....§ Function - coenzymes in
humans. Folate metabolism. Metabolism of fatty acids and amino
acids. Develops and maintains myelin sheaths that surround and
protect nerve fibers.
§ Source - foods of animal origin are only reliable sources.
Cobalamin (B12) RDA .....ANSWER.....Young adult RDA is 2.4
micrograms, requires intrinsic factor
Biotin .....ANSWER.....§ Function - assists in transfer of carbon
dioxide from one compound to another, playing an important
role in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.
§ Sources - richest sources are liver, kidney, peanut butter, egg
yolks, and yeast.
Biotin RDA .....ANSWER.....30 micrograms per day.
