Exam II Blueprint Fall 2025
SUD
Chapter 18: Risk factors
o Genetics
There is a 60% genetic risk for alcohol use disorder
Different cultures
o Poor modeling from parents or family
o Abuse in childhood
o Poor coping skills
o Socioeconomic status
o Peer influence
o Availability/cost
o Risk taking tendencies
Characteristics of SUD: what is required to diagnose a SUD?
o Use of the substance interferes with the ability to fulfill
obligations
o Attempts to cut down or control use fail
o Intense craving of the substance
o Excessive amount of time spent trying to procedure the
substance or recover from its use
o Use of the substance causes the person difficulty with
interpersonal relationships or to become socially isolated
o Engages in hazardous activities when impaired by the substance
o Tolerance develops and the amount required to achieve the
desired effect increases
o Substance-specific symptoms occur upon discontinuation of use
Early intervention in SUD: why is it important?
o Prevents progression to addiction
o Reduces physical and mental health damage
o Improves treatment outcomes
o Addresses underlying causes early
o Promotes long-term recovery and well being
Chapter 18: Patient centered care
o Take an objective, nonjudgemental approach
o Safety is the primary focus!!
o Provide emotional support and reassurance to the client and
family
o Educate client and family about SUDs
, Remove unused medications in the home
Medications: alcohol withdrawal treatment and maintenance
o Lorazepam (Ativan)
Also for acute withdrawal: chlordiazepoxide, diazepam,
oxazepam
o Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Person becomes violently ill if they drink alcohol
o Acamprosate (Campral)
Alcohol cravings 3 times daily dosing, risk of liver damage
o Naltrexone (ReVia, Vivitrol)
Alcohol/opiate, some promise for meth and other
addictions
Chapter 18: Client education
o Recognize indications of relapse and factors that contribute to
relapse
o Cognitive-behavioral techniques to help maintain sobriety and
create feelings of pleasure from activites
o Develop communication skills to communicate with coworkers
and family members while sober
o Encourage client and family to attend a 12-step program
Chapter 18: Alcohol withdrawal manifestations
o Nausea
o Vomiting
o Tremors
o Restlessness
o Insomnia
o Depressed/irritable
o Increased HR, BP, RR, Temp
o Diaphoretic
o Tonic-clonic seizures
o illusions
Chapter 18: medications, opioid withdrawal
o Buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone)
Opiate withdrawal
o Methadone
Opiate withdrawal
o Clonidine (Catapres)
Opiate withdrawal
o Nicotine replacement therapy
SUD
Chapter 18: Risk factors
o Genetics
There is a 60% genetic risk for alcohol use disorder
Different cultures
o Poor modeling from parents or family
o Abuse in childhood
o Poor coping skills
o Socioeconomic status
o Peer influence
o Availability/cost
o Risk taking tendencies
Characteristics of SUD: what is required to diagnose a SUD?
o Use of the substance interferes with the ability to fulfill
obligations
o Attempts to cut down or control use fail
o Intense craving of the substance
o Excessive amount of time spent trying to procedure the
substance or recover from its use
o Use of the substance causes the person difficulty with
interpersonal relationships or to become socially isolated
o Engages in hazardous activities when impaired by the substance
o Tolerance develops and the amount required to achieve the
desired effect increases
o Substance-specific symptoms occur upon discontinuation of use
Early intervention in SUD: why is it important?
o Prevents progression to addiction
o Reduces physical and mental health damage
o Improves treatment outcomes
o Addresses underlying causes early
o Promotes long-term recovery and well being
Chapter 18: Patient centered care
o Take an objective, nonjudgemental approach
o Safety is the primary focus!!
o Provide emotional support and reassurance to the client and
family
o Educate client and family about SUDs
, Remove unused medications in the home
Medications: alcohol withdrawal treatment and maintenance
o Lorazepam (Ativan)
Also for acute withdrawal: chlordiazepoxide, diazepam,
oxazepam
o Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Person becomes violently ill if they drink alcohol
o Acamprosate (Campral)
Alcohol cravings 3 times daily dosing, risk of liver damage
o Naltrexone (ReVia, Vivitrol)
Alcohol/opiate, some promise for meth and other
addictions
Chapter 18: Client education
o Recognize indications of relapse and factors that contribute to
relapse
o Cognitive-behavioral techniques to help maintain sobriety and
create feelings of pleasure from activites
o Develop communication skills to communicate with coworkers
and family members while sober
o Encourage client and family to attend a 12-step program
Chapter 18: Alcohol withdrawal manifestations
o Nausea
o Vomiting
o Tremors
o Restlessness
o Insomnia
o Depressed/irritable
o Increased HR, BP, RR, Temp
o Diaphoretic
o Tonic-clonic seizures
o illusions
Chapter 18: medications, opioid withdrawal
o Buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone)
Opiate withdrawal
o Methadone
Opiate withdrawal
o Clonidine (Catapres)
Opiate withdrawal
o Nicotine replacement therapy
