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Essay

Single Camera Techniques – Film and Television Production Analysis (Stranger Things & Prison Break Examples)

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this is the final essay for Unit 20 in BTEC course for digital media production, it was illustrations of various single camera, I got Distinction for this essay, which is maximum best grade for this course.This document provides an in-depth explanation of single camera production techniques used in film and television. It covers the differences between single and multi-camera setups, their use in dramas, documentaries, advertisements, and music videos, and the importance of postproduction in each. The analysis includes detailed examples from Stranger Things and Prison Break, illustrating cinematographic concepts such as tracking shots, the 180-degree rule, shot reverse shot, high and low angles, establishing shots, and continuity techniques. The document also discusses both the advantages and limitations of single camera production, highlighting flexibility, cost, and time efficiency.

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Single camera techniques.
A single camera production is a method of film production where a single camera is used to
film all the elements of scene or sequence. In a multi camera production, multiple cameras
are used to shoot scenes from different angles. In drama, soap opera or comedy, scenes are
usually shot more than once from different angles, and this allows the directors to make the
storytelling more engaging. In documentaries, the main goal of the filmmakers is to capture
the unscripted moments as they unfold. Even though some of the documentaries have
interviews and planned shots in them, more than a half of the documentaries contain
unscripted content. Single camera production is commonly used in the creation of
advertisements, where each shot is carefully made to convey a brand’s message or product
effectively. Postproduction is very important here as special effects, graphics and music are
essential for good-looking ad. Shooting narrative-based music videos on a single camera
helps to tell the message or story through visual storytelling. Music videos can be highly
creative, incorporating elements of drama, comedy, or fantasy to enhance the viewer's
experience. Postproduction is important in music videos as it is helps to synchronize footage
with the music and add visual effects. Single camera production is used in corporate and
promotional videos, aiming to communicate info or messages clearly and professionally.
Single camera setups allow for controlled and polished visuals. Audiences access single
camera productions on TV through streaming services or digital platforms. Television offers a
wide variety of the content and audiences can access single camera TV shows for
entertainment, relaxation, and informative content. Single camera productions may also be
designed for the big screen, such as feature films and select documentaries that are usually
being released in cinemas. Audiences buy tickets to watch them on big screens with high-
quality sound and visuals. Cinemas offer experience that cannot be made somewhere else,
as high audio and visual quality and immersive environment. People visit cinemas to enjoy
this unique experience. Audiences access single camera productions on various streaming
platforms as Netflix or Amazon Prime video, to stream the content from them on their
computers, smartphones or smart TVs and usually do it because of the flexibility. The
availability of entire seasons or series in one place without ads makes a lot of people to buy
the subscription on one or several streaming service. Film festivals serve as platforms for
showing independent films, including single camera productions. Film festivals provide
opportunities to discover innovative and lesser-known single-camera productions that may
not have wide commercial releases. Audiences attend film festivals for exposure to unique
and artistic content, to support independent filmmakers, and to engage in discussions and
networking with industry professionals. There are several benefits and limitations of single
camera production. First benefit is that cinematographers have flexibility to make each shot
perfect. Then, filmmakers don’t have to worry about other cameras being in the shot or how
to coordinate with many camera operators. The third benefit is that single camera
productions can be more cost-effective than multi-camera set ups in terms of equipment
and staff requirements. There are also some limitations to a single camera production. The
first limitation is that single-camera productions are always time consuming as each shot
must be shot individually. Single camera productions can be resource intensive in terms of
equipment (extra lighting set ups). Single camera productions can be less suitable for
capturing live events.
Let’s look at the first example with stranger things, where the video begins with a tracking
shot, where the camera follows the guy as he runs from something like monster that has not
been shown in the trailer. This shot was used to show that someone chases the guy and to

, build tension for the viewer. This scene will be then interrupted by cutaway shot that moves
the viewer to the location of the house with children and the scene begins with shot of
waterers. Cutaway shots are usually used to maintain visual interest for the viewer and
enhance the storytelling. The conversations in the house begin with a shot reverse shot
technique that involves alternating shots between different characters, showing each one’s
perspective as they speak or react during the conversation or dialogue.




It helps to transfer the flow of the conversation and the reactions of the characters that have
been involved in it. In the beginning of the video, at the moment when the man dressed in a
medical robe anxiously pressing the lift button was used the 180-degree rule, when he was
turning around to check the thing that he was running from. The 180-degree rule is a
cinematographic technique that ensures that the audience can understand the on-screen
action and the positions of characters without confusing them.




The camera angles were different through the video, and I want to look up to the eye level
angle, which is commonly used in every film production. It is the level of the shot, where the
action is shot from the observers or character eyes. For example, the moment where the
boys were driving the bicycles.


High and low angle shots were also
used in this video, these shots are
usually used to creatively influence
how the audience perceives
characters/objects/scenes in the story.
For example, low angle shot in the
moment with telephone was used to
build tension and show that the boy was scared so he left the phone. Another example of
high angle shot was used with light that suddenly stopped working at one moment and this
makes the viewer question about why this has happened and who might do that.
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