CPPS 304 MID 2 ACTUAL EXAM
CPPS 304 Midterm 2 Survival Kit: Biologics, Gene
Therapy & Pharmacogenomics Made Easy
What do SNPs stand for?
- Answer- single nucleotide polymorphisms
What gene is a characteristic of poor drug metabolizers?
- Answer- CYP 450 2D6
What type of receptors facilitate actions of growth factors in stimulating cell
division?
- Answer- Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
What type of inhibitors are used as growth factor inhibitors in various cancers?
- Answer- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
What happens to a patient if they have a TKR mutation (T790M)?
- Answer- The binding site for the drug changes and the patient stops
responding
What are 3 barriers to pharmacogenetic implementation? (List format)
- Answer- 1. Redundancy
2. Drugs with PK and PD polymorphisms (ex. warfarin)
3. Information overload
Personalized medicine is not just about pharmacogenetics. It also deals more
broadly with the idea that drug therapy should be be tailored to each patient.
What is the term for this idea?
- Answer- Precision Medicine
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, CPPS 304 MID 2 ACTUAL EXAM
What common feature do all new approaches in drug therapy have in common?
- Answer- They are made/inspired from biologics
What are three examples of biologics? (List format)
- Answer- 1. peptides
2. proteins
3. antibodies
What are MAbs? - Answer- monoclonal antibodies
What were early MAbs derived from? - Answer- animals (murines)
What are Chimeric MAbs? - Answer- mixed animal/human
What are Humanized MAbs? - Answer- mostly human (95%)
What are Fully Human MAbs? - Answer- fully human (100%)
True or False? MAbs typically bind either to a receptor or bind a ligand. -
Answer- True
What are the 4 pieces of nomenclature in MAbs? (List format)
- Answer- 1. Up to imagination
2. Therapeutic target
3. Source
4. Monoclonal antibody
All MAbs end in what? - Answer- mab
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, CPPS 304 MID 2 ACTUAL EXAM
What is Bevacizumab? - Answer- A MAb that is used to treat colon cancer
What is the brand name for Bevacizumab? - Answer- Avastin
What does VEGF stand for? - Answer- vascular endothelial growth factor
Why is VEGF an issue in tumours? - Answer- It is an angiogenic growth factor
that is overexpressed in tumours
How does bevacizumab work? - Answer- it binds VEGF and inhibits angiogenesis
What are 3 applications for MAbs? - Answer- immune system disorders, cancers,
many others
What are three advantages of MAbs? - Answer- Greater selectivity, possibly
better efficacy, possibly less toxicity
What are four limitations of MAbs? (List format) - Answer- 1. Cost (10x)
2. All are injected (subcutaneous)
3. Immunologic reactions (human MAbs may be low risk)
4. Bad system of nomenclature
What are fusion proteins? - Answer- A subset of MAbs created by the fusion of
two or more unrelated proteins.
Fusion proteins are created by the fusion of two or more unrelated proteins.
How is this done? - Answer- Typically by fusing a receptor for an endogenous
ligand to a fragment of antibody. This complex then binds to target proteins.
What is etanercept? - Answer- A fusion protein used to treat rheumatoid
arthritis
3|Page
CPPS 304 Midterm 2 Survival Kit: Biologics, Gene
Therapy & Pharmacogenomics Made Easy
What do SNPs stand for?
- Answer- single nucleotide polymorphisms
What gene is a characteristic of poor drug metabolizers?
- Answer- CYP 450 2D6
What type of receptors facilitate actions of growth factors in stimulating cell
division?
- Answer- Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
What type of inhibitors are used as growth factor inhibitors in various cancers?
- Answer- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
What happens to a patient if they have a TKR mutation (T790M)?
- Answer- The binding site for the drug changes and the patient stops
responding
What are 3 barriers to pharmacogenetic implementation? (List format)
- Answer- 1. Redundancy
2. Drugs with PK and PD polymorphisms (ex. warfarin)
3. Information overload
Personalized medicine is not just about pharmacogenetics. It also deals more
broadly with the idea that drug therapy should be be tailored to each patient.
What is the term for this idea?
- Answer- Precision Medicine
1|Page
, CPPS 304 MID 2 ACTUAL EXAM
What common feature do all new approaches in drug therapy have in common?
- Answer- They are made/inspired from biologics
What are three examples of biologics? (List format)
- Answer- 1. peptides
2. proteins
3. antibodies
What are MAbs? - Answer- monoclonal antibodies
What were early MAbs derived from? - Answer- animals (murines)
What are Chimeric MAbs? - Answer- mixed animal/human
What are Humanized MAbs? - Answer- mostly human (95%)
What are Fully Human MAbs? - Answer- fully human (100%)
True or False? MAbs typically bind either to a receptor or bind a ligand. -
Answer- True
What are the 4 pieces of nomenclature in MAbs? (List format)
- Answer- 1. Up to imagination
2. Therapeutic target
3. Source
4. Monoclonal antibody
All MAbs end in what? - Answer- mab
2|Page
, CPPS 304 MID 2 ACTUAL EXAM
What is Bevacizumab? - Answer- A MAb that is used to treat colon cancer
What is the brand name for Bevacizumab? - Answer- Avastin
What does VEGF stand for? - Answer- vascular endothelial growth factor
Why is VEGF an issue in tumours? - Answer- It is an angiogenic growth factor
that is overexpressed in tumours
How does bevacizumab work? - Answer- it binds VEGF and inhibits angiogenesis
What are 3 applications for MAbs? - Answer- immune system disorders, cancers,
many others
What are three advantages of MAbs? - Answer- Greater selectivity, possibly
better efficacy, possibly less toxicity
What are four limitations of MAbs? (List format) - Answer- 1. Cost (10x)
2. All are injected (subcutaneous)
3. Immunologic reactions (human MAbs may be low risk)
4. Bad system of nomenclature
What are fusion proteins? - Answer- A subset of MAbs created by the fusion of
two or more unrelated proteins.
Fusion proteins are created by the fusion of two or more unrelated proteins.
How is this done? - Answer- Typically by fusing a receptor for an endogenous
ligand to a fragment of antibody. This complex then binds to target proteins.
What is etanercept? - Answer- A fusion protein used to treat rheumatoid
arthritis
3|Page
