NUR 226 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
The incidence of addiction as a result of taking an opioid for a therapeutic effect is quite
common. True or False - Answer -True, 3-19% of people who take prescription pain
medication develop an addiction
chronic pain can be divided into : - Answer -cancer & non-cancer pain
Angiotensin is released by ? in response to ? - Answer -liver in response to low blood
pressure and changes in blood volume
What is the desirable amount of cholesterol? What is considered high cholesterol? -
Answer -desirable - less than 200
high - 240 or more
Where is cholesterol transported? Why? - Answer -in the blood plasma because it is
highly insoluble
If the drug ends in OLOL what is it? - Answer -beta blocker ; heart rate goes down
What is considered essential for the phospholipid bilayer? - Answer -cholesterol
Where is cholesterol made and broken down? - Answer -in the liver
What is exogenous cholesterol? - Answer --it is dietary
-makes up 25% of cholesterol
-it is considered not a risk of concern for over consumption
What is endogenous cholesterol? - Answer --75%
-manufactured by the cells in the liver
-uses SATURATED FAT
-also has HMG-CoA
What does HMG CoA do? - Answer --blocks the amount of cholesterol synthesis, and
therefore lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood
-stabilizes plaque and decreases inflammation
what does HDL-C do? - Answer --it helps decrease clots
-"good" cholesterol, you want it!
what is LDL cholesterol? - Answer --"bad" cholesterol
-this is the main target when people are being treated for cholesterol issues
What is VLDL mainly made of? - Answer -triglycerides
, What is hyperlipidemia/ hypercholesterolemia? - Answer -too much cholesterol
What does a lipoprotein profile measure? - Answer -the level of cholesterol in the blood
What can be helpful to do before you get a lipoprotein profile? - Answer -fasting
a higher total cholesterol score means...? - Answer -a higher risk for disease
What group of people have a higher risk of HDL being low? - Answer -women
***What is the optimal amount of HDL? - Answer -above 60
What is the optimal amount of LDL? - Answer -less than 100 mg/dl
What is the optimal amount of triglycerides? - Answer -less than 150
What group of people has a higher ratio of LDL to HDL? - Answer -men
What is familial hypercholesterolemia? - Answer --Genetic disease where ½ or all of
your LDL receptors are dysfunctional
-liver cannot remove LDL from blood stream
-causes elevated LDL cholesterol levels in blood
How can you detect hypercholesterolemia? - Answer -physical exams, lab tests, or
family history
Is the high number of cholesterol the problem? - Answer -NO! its the risks that come
with it
What is a major worry about high cholesterol? - Answer -a buildup of plaque on the
coronary arteieres
What are some risks for developing high cholesterol? - Answer -smoking, diet,
hypertension, age, family history, diabetes, physical inactivity
What does soft plaque develop into? - Answer -hard plaque
What is atherosclerosis? Why might you get it? - Answer --thickening and hardening of
the arteries and vessels
-heightened LDL and cholesterol
What can injure endothelium? - Answer -smoking, hypertension, autoimmune disease,
and hyperglycemia
Macrophages that arrive and engulf lipids are known as what? - Answer -foam cells
The incidence of addiction as a result of taking an opioid for a therapeutic effect is quite
common. True or False - Answer -True, 3-19% of people who take prescription pain
medication develop an addiction
chronic pain can be divided into : - Answer -cancer & non-cancer pain
Angiotensin is released by ? in response to ? - Answer -liver in response to low blood
pressure and changes in blood volume
What is the desirable amount of cholesterol? What is considered high cholesterol? -
Answer -desirable - less than 200
high - 240 or more
Where is cholesterol transported? Why? - Answer -in the blood plasma because it is
highly insoluble
If the drug ends in OLOL what is it? - Answer -beta blocker ; heart rate goes down
What is considered essential for the phospholipid bilayer? - Answer -cholesterol
Where is cholesterol made and broken down? - Answer -in the liver
What is exogenous cholesterol? - Answer --it is dietary
-makes up 25% of cholesterol
-it is considered not a risk of concern for over consumption
What is endogenous cholesterol? - Answer --75%
-manufactured by the cells in the liver
-uses SATURATED FAT
-also has HMG-CoA
What does HMG CoA do? - Answer --blocks the amount of cholesterol synthesis, and
therefore lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood
-stabilizes plaque and decreases inflammation
what does HDL-C do? - Answer --it helps decrease clots
-"good" cholesterol, you want it!
what is LDL cholesterol? - Answer --"bad" cholesterol
-this is the main target when people are being treated for cholesterol issues
What is VLDL mainly made of? - Answer -triglycerides
, What is hyperlipidemia/ hypercholesterolemia? - Answer -too much cholesterol
What does a lipoprotein profile measure? - Answer -the level of cholesterol in the blood
What can be helpful to do before you get a lipoprotein profile? - Answer -fasting
a higher total cholesterol score means...? - Answer -a higher risk for disease
What group of people have a higher risk of HDL being low? - Answer -women
***What is the optimal amount of HDL? - Answer -above 60
What is the optimal amount of LDL? - Answer -less than 100 mg/dl
What is the optimal amount of triglycerides? - Answer -less than 150
What group of people has a higher ratio of LDL to HDL? - Answer -men
What is familial hypercholesterolemia? - Answer --Genetic disease where ½ or all of
your LDL receptors are dysfunctional
-liver cannot remove LDL from blood stream
-causes elevated LDL cholesterol levels in blood
How can you detect hypercholesterolemia? - Answer -physical exams, lab tests, or
family history
Is the high number of cholesterol the problem? - Answer -NO! its the risks that come
with it
What is a major worry about high cholesterol? - Answer -a buildup of plaque on the
coronary arteieres
What are some risks for developing high cholesterol? - Answer -smoking, diet,
hypertension, age, family history, diabetes, physical inactivity
What does soft plaque develop into? - Answer -hard plaque
What is atherosclerosis? Why might you get it? - Answer --thickening and hardening of
the arteries and vessels
-heightened LDL and cholesterol
What can injure endothelium? - Answer -smoking, hypertension, autoimmune disease,
and hyperglycemia
Macrophages that arrive and engulf lipids are known as what? - Answer -foam cells
