NCLEX-Style 100 Practice Questions & Answers – Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base
Balance (Ch. 5 & 6 | Med-Surg Nursing 11th Ed)
Guaranteed pass A+
1. A patient with hyponatremia is most likely to exhibit which symptom?
A) Polyuria
B) Muscle cramps and weakness
C) Hyperactive reflexes
D) Hypertension
Answer: B
2. Which lab value indicates hypokalemia?
A) Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
B) Sodium 150 mEq/L
C) Calcium 8.5 mg/dL
D) Magnesium 2.5 mEq/L
Answer: A
3. Which nursing intervention is priority for a patient with hyperkalemia?
A) Encourage increased potassium intake
B) Monitor cardiac rhythm continuously
C) Restrict fluid intake
D) Administer sodium bicarbonate
Answer: B
4. A patient with dehydration shows dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor. What
type of fluid imbalance is this?
A) Fluid volume overload
B) Fluid volume deficit
C) Electrolyte imbalance
D) Acid-base imbalance
Answer: B
5. Which is a common cause of metabolic acidosis?
A) Vomiting
Balance (Ch. 5 & 6 | Med-Surg Nursing 11th Ed)
Guaranteed pass A+
1. A patient with hyponatremia is most likely to exhibit which symptom?
A) Polyuria
B) Muscle cramps and weakness
C) Hyperactive reflexes
D) Hypertension
Answer: B
2. Which lab value indicates hypokalemia?
A) Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
B) Sodium 150 mEq/L
C) Calcium 8.5 mg/dL
D) Magnesium 2.5 mEq/L
Answer: A
3. Which nursing intervention is priority for a patient with hyperkalemia?
A) Encourage increased potassium intake
B) Monitor cardiac rhythm continuously
C) Restrict fluid intake
D) Administer sodium bicarbonate
Answer: B
4. A patient with dehydration shows dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor. What
type of fluid imbalance is this?
A) Fluid volume overload
B) Fluid volume deficit
C) Electrolyte imbalance
D) Acid-base imbalance
Answer: B
5. Which is a common cause of metabolic acidosis?
A) Vomiting
