FCCN LEVEL 1 EXAMINATION TEST 2026
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT
● ventilation . Answer: how much CO2 retained or released, how
fast/deep pt breathes
● systolic . Answer: pressure on arterial wall during ventricular
contraction
● diastolic . Answer: pressure on arterial wall during ventricular
relaxation
*DILATED arteries DECREASE DBP*
*constricted arteries increase DBP*
● what MAP is inadequate . Answer: < 60
● three components of stroke volume . Answer: preload, afterload,
contractility
● preload . Answer: amount of fluid returning to heart
● constriction/dilation effect on preload . Answer: - dilation: less preload
, - constriction: more preload
● optimizing preload . Answer: - low preload: fluids
- high preload: diuretics, vasodilators, dialysis
● afterload . Answer: resistance to heart ejecting blood, how clamped
down blood vessels are
● constriction/dilation effect on afterload . Answer: - dilation: less
afterload, increased CO
- constriction: more afterload, decreased CO
● optimizing afterload . Answer: - low afterload: ICU for vasopressors
*S/S: sepsis, neurogenic shock, flushing, low BP*
- high afterload: ACEs, ARBs, morphine, rewarm pt
*S/S: cool extremities, pale, mottled*
● BP equation . Answer: MAP = CO x SVR
● what part of the heart do V1 and V2 look at . Answer: septum
● what part of the heart do V3 and V4 look at . Answer: anterior
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT
● ventilation . Answer: how much CO2 retained or released, how
fast/deep pt breathes
● systolic . Answer: pressure on arterial wall during ventricular
contraction
● diastolic . Answer: pressure on arterial wall during ventricular
relaxation
*DILATED arteries DECREASE DBP*
*constricted arteries increase DBP*
● what MAP is inadequate . Answer: < 60
● three components of stroke volume . Answer: preload, afterload,
contractility
● preload . Answer: amount of fluid returning to heart
● constriction/dilation effect on preload . Answer: - dilation: less preload
, - constriction: more preload
● optimizing preload . Answer: - low preload: fluids
- high preload: diuretics, vasodilators, dialysis
● afterload . Answer: resistance to heart ejecting blood, how clamped
down blood vessels are
● constriction/dilation effect on afterload . Answer: - dilation: less
afterload, increased CO
- constriction: more afterload, decreased CO
● optimizing afterload . Answer: - low afterload: ICU for vasopressors
*S/S: sepsis, neurogenic shock, flushing, low BP*
- high afterload: ACEs, ARBs, morphine, rewarm pt
*S/S: cool extremities, pale, mottled*
● BP equation . Answer: MAP = CO x SVR
● what part of the heart do V1 and V2 look at . Answer: septum
● what part of the heart do V3 and V4 look at . Answer: anterior
