week 1
what does a neuropsychologist do ?
↳
en ove
the relationship between brain and behavior the basis of brain on
- general meaning
amage of neuropsychology .
↳
arressment europsychological rehabilization
,
research
the brain is a structure and
you can loon at it from multiple ways
↳ mind ,
body : a form of dualism . are mental processes because of the brain or
the mind ? influenced by 4 humors of the
-
body
↳ localization of
cognitive functions fr ventricular theory ,
the functions are
believed to house in the ventricles . but others the brain was responsible for
functions heart for touch paste .
mental
> phrenology
and and
-
gall related brainfunction to surface of the skull proved false .
but showed insights still important today
h brain.
all behavior is mediated by the
localization approach
↳
some disorders can be indeed explain by damage
-
o a certain area ,
however
Other disorders a re better explained by algeral dysfunction of the
↳ hollistie
brain
approach
humans use language to describe level of localization
broad brain area to a
can
specific neurotransmitter
differ fe as
the mental functions of the brain but the brain does not make these
distinctions : He memory/altention
↓ here are approaches important in neuropsychology
>
- studies the way humans process information
1
. cognitive psychology
.
2
cognitive muroscience study human cognition and relate it to brainstructure
->
& function
3
. Cognitive neuropsychology estudy patients about cognitionis
brain
with to learn
4
↑ emphasis on
group studies damage treating people
. clinical neuropsychology >
-
research carried out to improve individual healthcare .
uses assessment
some research methods use the subtraction method
↳
resting/heally condition is subracked from the illniss/experimental condition
, Longer
RT
difficult tagas
↑
↳ downside : difference between scores is lese reliable and subject to general
effects
you can
*
also
or MBJ
do an
analysis called a lesion overlap analysis
↳ the C+ scans of people with a lesion are
averaged to see which area is most "crucial
when considering alesion study you need to keeps things in mind
S
-
. fractionation assumption the brain leads to selective
:
damage to
cognitive legions
2
.
transparency assumption : alesion leads to damage in an
ewisting cognitive system,
not to creation of a new one everyone is unique but 'brain plan'
- is
the same
3 all identical
j universality assumption :
cognitive systems are
I a theory
rejection
can't conclude
can
a
be based
↳
localization !
be
so
even
not really
the start of one
behavior
on
:
is compley
a single
bused; because
and uss
case -> then tested , adapted ,
it needs evidence other people but can
multiple components ,
.
using differentare as
(double) association
Care
sevabrinas
-
dissociation lesions from
each other . lesion brain area
disconnection theory of
geschie
-
brash areas are inback but connection
aren't ,
this is different from
pluripotentiality
- when one area consrols
many functions
Et the funcbiching
One area
might influence
of other areas
>
-
damage
diasches is
Chealthyl
-
one
ar
area
eq
impairs another
working-
every cognitive function is an umbrella term : Ge memory - semantic.
↑ wo types of assessmentschoneringapproact approach
>
- episodic...
in the psychometric testing approach you have
8
> American
↳
↳ standardized administration and scoring
↳> now someone relazes to population
.
L
standards for every test like "cul-off' scores - where
impairment inder- 3
numberofscores below e
to
downsides -
↳
multiple causes for a low score
↳
loons at 'ability' not dysfunction
, as a psychometric testing approach you have Reitan-Halstead
↓ est battery and for behavioral assessment you have Luria's method
in the behavioral neurologial assessment you have
↳ founded in Russia
↳ theoretical ↳ how does someone relade to themselves
↳
individually adapted to patients problems >
-
qualiatie research
↓
based on observations
how it works : crore symptoms that are characteric of a disorder
then through qualitative
you score and process analysis
↳
why does a pubient have problems with a
hypotheses
best e best
we research the relationship between behavior and cognitive abilities
⑦ ②
through assessment : where you use tests ,
conversation and
&
Observation behavior -
cognitive functioning
↑
assessment
tests conversationobservation
for a
neurological assessment , you map the cognitive , emotional
and behavioral functioning of an individual
↳ the
gaal here is not to diagnose but to map consequences brain injury ,
objective of neuropsychological assessment is bo provide
↳
a behavioral description and
cognitive function analysis (nature , severiby
cognitive impairment
L
consequences daily life
&
indication for treatment
Y
3 broad steps to NPA and specific ones
↳
based whether
&
specific on
you
have medical diegniss
-
3
6
1. determine assessment question based on that RAPPCRETE
2
. enamine medical records preparation
3
.
hypothes formation
what does a neuropsychologist do ?
↳
en ove
the relationship between brain and behavior the basis of brain on
- general meaning
amage of neuropsychology .
↳
arressment europsychological rehabilization
,
research
the brain is a structure and
you can loon at it from multiple ways
↳ mind ,
body : a form of dualism . are mental processes because of the brain or
the mind ? influenced by 4 humors of the
-
body
↳ localization of
cognitive functions fr ventricular theory ,
the functions are
believed to house in the ventricles . but others the brain was responsible for
functions heart for touch paste .
mental
> phrenology
and and
-
gall related brainfunction to surface of the skull proved false .
but showed insights still important today
h brain.
all behavior is mediated by the
localization approach
↳
some disorders can be indeed explain by damage
-
o a certain area ,
however
Other disorders a re better explained by algeral dysfunction of the
↳ hollistie
brain
approach
humans use language to describe level of localization
broad brain area to a
can
specific neurotransmitter
differ fe as
the mental functions of the brain but the brain does not make these
distinctions : He memory/altention
↓ here are approaches important in neuropsychology
>
- studies the way humans process information
1
. cognitive psychology
.
2
cognitive muroscience study human cognition and relate it to brainstructure
->
& function
3
. Cognitive neuropsychology estudy patients about cognitionis
brain
with to learn
4
↑ emphasis on
group studies damage treating people
. clinical neuropsychology >
-
research carried out to improve individual healthcare .
uses assessment
some research methods use the subtraction method
↳
resting/heally condition is subracked from the illniss/experimental condition
, Longer
RT
difficult tagas
↑
↳ downside : difference between scores is lese reliable and subject to general
effects
you can
*
also
or MBJ
do an
analysis called a lesion overlap analysis
↳ the C+ scans of people with a lesion are
averaged to see which area is most "crucial
when considering alesion study you need to keeps things in mind
S
-
. fractionation assumption the brain leads to selective
:
damage to
cognitive legions
2
.
transparency assumption : alesion leads to damage in an
ewisting cognitive system,
not to creation of a new one everyone is unique but 'brain plan'
- is
the same
3 all identical
j universality assumption :
cognitive systems are
I a theory
rejection
can't conclude
can
a
be based
↳
localization !
be
so
even
not really
the start of one
behavior
on
:
is compley
a single
bused; because
and uss
case -> then tested , adapted ,
it needs evidence other people but can
multiple components ,
.
using differentare as
(double) association
Care
sevabrinas
-
dissociation lesions from
each other . lesion brain area
disconnection theory of
geschie
-
brash areas are inback but connection
aren't ,
this is different from
pluripotentiality
- when one area consrols
many functions
Et the funcbiching
One area
might influence
of other areas
>
-
damage
diasches is
Chealthyl
-
one
ar
area
eq
impairs another
working-
every cognitive function is an umbrella term : Ge memory - semantic.
↑ wo types of assessmentschoneringapproact approach
>
- episodic...
in the psychometric testing approach you have
8
> American
↳
↳ standardized administration and scoring
↳> now someone relazes to population
.
L
standards for every test like "cul-off' scores - where
impairment inder- 3
numberofscores below e
to
downsides -
↳
multiple causes for a low score
↳
loons at 'ability' not dysfunction
, as a psychometric testing approach you have Reitan-Halstead
↓ est battery and for behavioral assessment you have Luria's method
in the behavioral neurologial assessment you have
↳ founded in Russia
↳ theoretical ↳ how does someone relade to themselves
↳
individually adapted to patients problems >
-
qualiatie research
↓
based on observations
how it works : crore symptoms that are characteric of a disorder
then through qualitative
you score and process analysis
↳
why does a pubient have problems with a
hypotheses
best e best
we research the relationship between behavior and cognitive abilities
⑦ ②
through assessment : where you use tests ,
conversation and
&
Observation behavior -
cognitive functioning
↑
assessment
tests conversationobservation
for a
neurological assessment , you map the cognitive , emotional
and behavioral functioning of an individual
↳ the
gaal here is not to diagnose but to map consequences brain injury ,
objective of neuropsychological assessment is bo provide
↳
a behavioral description and
cognitive function analysis (nature , severiby
cognitive impairment
L
consequences daily life
&
indication for treatment
Y
3 broad steps to NPA and specific ones
↳
based whether
&
specific on
you
have medical diegniss
-
3
6
1. determine assessment question based on that RAPPCRETE
2
. enamine medical records preparation
3
.
hypothes formation
