Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 4-week-old infant is brought to the primary care clinic for a
routine visit. The mother expresses anxiety about infant crying
and is exhausted. The nurse practitioner uses a strengths-based
approach, discusses normal infant cry patterns, teaches
soothing techniques, asks about maternal mood, and schedules
a follow-up. Which core principle of pediatric primary care is
the clinician demonstrating?
A. Primary prevention
B. Family-centered care
C. Episodic illness management
D. Population health surveillance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The clinician is addressing the family's needs,
providing education, and partnering with the caregiver —
hallmarks of family-centered care. Family-centered care focuses
on family strengths, caregiver mental health, and shared
decision-making.
Why others are incorrect:
A. Primary prevention refers to preventing disease (e.g.,
,immunizations, anticipatory guidance) but the scenario centers
on partnership and support rather than a specific prevention
intervention.
C. Episodic illness management focuses on treating acute
conditions (e.g., ear infection), not ongoing support and
education.
D. Population health surveillance involves monitoring disease
patterns across populations (e.g., immunization rates), not
individualized family support.
Question 2:
A 14-year-old with cystic fibrosis transitions from a pediatric
clinic to an adult pulmonary clinic. The pediatric nurse
practitioner coordinates transfer of records, arranges a joint
visit with the adult provider, and coaches the teen on self-
management. Which outcome is most directly promoted by
these transition activities?
A. Reduction of acute exacerbations by 100%
B. Improved continuity of care and self-management skills
C. Immediate independence from caregiver involvement
D. Elimination of the need for specialist care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Transition planning that includes coordinated
transfer, joint visits, and self-management coaching primarily
promotes continuity of care and the adolescent's self-
management competencies — key aims of transition to adult
,care.
Why others are incorrect:
A. No intervention guarantees a 100% reduction in
exacerbations; this is unrealistic.
C. Transition encourages increasing independence but does not
mandate immediate elimination of caregiver involvement;
gradual assumption of responsibility is expected.
D. Specialist care remains necessary for chronic conditions like
CF; transition does not eliminate the need for specialists.
Question 3:
During a well-child visit, a 3-year-old’s parent reports frequent
temper outbursts at home and household financial instability.
The nurse screens for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).
Which short-term primary care action best aligns with
mitigating the potential lifelong impact of ACEs?
A. Prescribe a sleep aid for the child.
B. Provide trauma-informed anticipatory guidance and connect
the family to community resources.
C. Ignore ACE screening because it is not part of routine care.
D. Recommend immediate hospitalization to remove the child
from the home.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A primary care clinician should use trauma-informed
care — acknowledge stressors, provide anticipatory guidance,
and link families to community supports (food assistance,
, mental health services). Early support and resource connection
can reduce the negative long-term impacts of ACEs.
Why others are incorrect:
A. Prescribing a sleep aid addresses a symptom without
addressing underlying stressors and is not first-line for ACE-
related issues.
C. ACE screening is increasingly part of holistic pediatric care
when done sensitively; ignoring it misses opportunities for
intervention.
D. Hospitalization is not indicated unless the child is in
immediate danger; community linkage is the appropriate first
step.
Question 4:
A 9-year-old with spina bifida attends a primary care visit. The
child receives immunizations, a bowel program review, and
coordination with physical therapy and school services. This
comprehensive approach best exemplifies which concept in
caring for children and youth with special healthcare needs
(CYSHCN)?
A. Episodic acute care
B. Care coordination and interdisciplinary collaboration
C. Exclusive reliance on specialty clinics
D. Minimizing family involvement to encourage autonomy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CYSHCN benefit from coordinated, interdisciplinary
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 4-week-old infant is brought to the primary care clinic for a
routine visit. The mother expresses anxiety about infant crying
and is exhausted. The nurse practitioner uses a strengths-based
approach, discusses normal infant cry patterns, teaches
soothing techniques, asks about maternal mood, and schedules
a follow-up. Which core principle of pediatric primary care is
the clinician demonstrating?
A. Primary prevention
B. Family-centered care
C. Episodic illness management
D. Population health surveillance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The clinician is addressing the family's needs,
providing education, and partnering with the caregiver —
hallmarks of family-centered care. Family-centered care focuses
on family strengths, caregiver mental health, and shared
decision-making.
Why others are incorrect:
A. Primary prevention refers to preventing disease (e.g.,
,immunizations, anticipatory guidance) but the scenario centers
on partnership and support rather than a specific prevention
intervention.
C. Episodic illness management focuses on treating acute
conditions (e.g., ear infection), not ongoing support and
education.
D. Population health surveillance involves monitoring disease
patterns across populations (e.g., immunization rates), not
individualized family support.
Question 2:
A 14-year-old with cystic fibrosis transitions from a pediatric
clinic to an adult pulmonary clinic. The pediatric nurse
practitioner coordinates transfer of records, arranges a joint
visit with the adult provider, and coaches the teen on self-
management. Which outcome is most directly promoted by
these transition activities?
A. Reduction of acute exacerbations by 100%
B. Improved continuity of care and self-management skills
C. Immediate independence from caregiver involvement
D. Elimination of the need for specialist care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Transition planning that includes coordinated
transfer, joint visits, and self-management coaching primarily
promotes continuity of care and the adolescent's self-
management competencies — key aims of transition to adult
,care.
Why others are incorrect:
A. No intervention guarantees a 100% reduction in
exacerbations; this is unrealistic.
C. Transition encourages increasing independence but does not
mandate immediate elimination of caregiver involvement;
gradual assumption of responsibility is expected.
D. Specialist care remains necessary for chronic conditions like
CF; transition does not eliminate the need for specialists.
Question 3:
During a well-child visit, a 3-year-old’s parent reports frequent
temper outbursts at home and household financial instability.
The nurse screens for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).
Which short-term primary care action best aligns with
mitigating the potential lifelong impact of ACEs?
A. Prescribe a sleep aid for the child.
B. Provide trauma-informed anticipatory guidance and connect
the family to community resources.
C. Ignore ACE screening because it is not part of routine care.
D. Recommend immediate hospitalization to remove the child
from the home.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A primary care clinician should use trauma-informed
care — acknowledge stressors, provide anticipatory guidance,
and link families to community supports (food assistance,
, mental health services). Early support and resource connection
can reduce the negative long-term impacts of ACEs.
Why others are incorrect:
A. Prescribing a sleep aid addresses a symptom without
addressing underlying stressors and is not first-line for ACE-
related issues.
C. ACE screening is increasingly part of holistic pediatric care
when done sensitively; ignoring it misses opportunities for
intervention.
D. Hospitalization is not indicated unless the child is in
immediate danger; community linkage is the appropriate first
step.
Question 4:
A 9-year-old with spina bifida attends a primary care visit. The
child receives immunizations, a bowel program review, and
coordination with physical therapy and school services. This
comprehensive approach best exemplifies which concept in
caring for children and youth with special healthcare needs
(CYSHCN)?
A. Episodic acute care
B. Care coordination and interdisciplinary collaboration
C. Exclusive reliance on specialty clinics
D. Minimizing family involvement to encourage autonomy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CYSHCN benefit from coordinated, interdisciplinary
