NURS3110PATHO EXAM 4 (: alterations of pulmonary
function, alterations of musculoskeletal function, alterations
of digestive function) Questions With Complete Solutions
10. A 59 year old man presents at your family practice clinic
with a 12 month history of a productive cough and recurrent
respiratory tract infections. He lives in Cloudcroft, NM which is
at 8700 feet elevation. During your history taking you discover
that he has smoked cigarettes since the age of 17. His father had
similar lung issues and died 10 years ago at age 74. He also
reports that he was a cattle farmer until about the time his father
died.
What is this patient's most significant risk factor for chronic
bronchitis? Correct Answer Cigarette smoking
10. A major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is:
Correct Answer obesity.
10. A pneumothorax is the accumulation of ________ between
the lung and the chest wall. Correct Answer air
10. Airway obstruction during an acute asthma attack results
from all of the following EXCEPT: Correct Answer
atelectasis.
10. All of the following are potential sources of pulmonary
emboli, EXCEPT: Correct Answer blood clots that form in
the left ventricle.
10. An individual receives treatment for an acute asthma attack
in the Emergency Room. Now he feels much better and wants to
,go home. His nurse practitioner wants to keep him under
observation for a few more hours. Which of the following
factors influenced the decision to keep this patient under
observation at the hospital? Correct Answer The patient may
experience a second episode of asthma related to the release of
leukotrienes up to 4-6 hours after the initial attack.
10. An older adult with no obvious sign of disability presents to
the Emergency Room at Memorial Medical Center with signs of
bacterial pneumonia including fever, cough and dyspnea. A left
lower lobe pneumonia is later confirmed on chest x-ray. Which
type of pneumonia has likely developed? Correct Answer
Community-acquired
10. Clinical manifestations of the DVT in the popliteal vein (in
the knee region) include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct
Answer cyanosis distal to the knee.
10. Emphysema is caused by a deficiency in: Correct Answer
alpha-1 antitrypsin.
10. Julia Smith is an 18-year-old female with cystic fibrosis. The
respiratory consequences of Julia's cystic fibrosis are
characterized by: Correct Answer the production of thick
mucus secretions caused by abnormal chloride transport
mechanisms in the bronchial epithelium.
10. Lung tissue consolidation and impaired gas exchange in
bacterial pneumonia is caused by which of following? Correct
Answer Bronchioles and alveoli fill with exudates and
infectious debris
,10. Our 59 year old man from Cloudcroft with a 12 month
history of a productive cough reports that he has been coughing
on and off for a couple years. He decided to come to a clinic in
Las Cruces because he was feeling short of breath, even while
resting. His O2 saturations (SpO2) are 89% on room air.
Which of the following factors cause hypoxemia in chronic
bronchitis? (Choose 3 responses) Correct Answer -
Bronchoconstriction.
-Mucus secretions
-Bronchial edema
10. The pathophysiology of emphysema involves: Correct
Answer the loss of elastin surrounding the alveoli.
10. Virchow's Triad (risk factors for deep vein thrombosis)
includes all of the following EXCEPT: Correct Answer
hypertension.
10. Which of the following changes occurs in chronic asthma?
Correct Answer Bronchial fibrosis
10. Which of the following conditions is the direct cause of
respiratory acidosis in pulmonary diseases? Correct Answer
Hypercapnea
10. Which of the following individuals has orthopnea? Correct
Answer A woman who says that she sleeps in a chair because
she has difficulty breathing when lying flat.
, 10. Which of the following individuals is at the LOWEST risk
for developing pneumonia? Correct Answer A 12 year old girl
with a history of asthma.
10. Which of the following micro-organisms is the most
common cause of viral pneumonia in infants and children?
Correct Answer Respiratory syncytial virus
10. Which of the following statements best describes how an
inhaled allergen causes an acute asthmatic exacerbation in an
individual who has a genetic predisposition for asthma?
Correct Answer The release of IgE stimulates the release of
histamine from mast cells in the bronchi.
10. Why are patients with left ventricular failure (LVF) at risk
for developing bacterial pneumonia? Correct Answer
Pulmonary edema creates a hospitable environment for bacteria
colonization.
10. Why do adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis (CF)
have problems with malnutrition and weight loss? Correct
Answer The pancreatic duct is plugged with mucus resulting in
a reduction of pancreatic enzyme secretion.
11. In children, osteomalacia is called: Correct Answer
rickets.
11. Joint and tissue pain in gout is caused by elevated blood
levels of: Correct Answer uric acid.
function, alterations of musculoskeletal function, alterations
of digestive function) Questions With Complete Solutions
10. A 59 year old man presents at your family practice clinic
with a 12 month history of a productive cough and recurrent
respiratory tract infections. He lives in Cloudcroft, NM which is
at 8700 feet elevation. During your history taking you discover
that he has smoked cigarettes since the age of 17. His father had
similar lung issues and died 10 years ago at age 74. He also
reports that he was a cattle farmer until about the time his father
died.
What is this patient's most significant risk factor for chronic
bronchitis? Correct Answer Cigarette smoking
10. A major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is:
Correct Answer obesity.
10. A pneumothorax is the accumulation of ________ between
the lung and the chest wall. Correct Answer air
10. Airway obstruction during an acute asthma attack results
from all of the following EXCEPT: Correct Answer
atelectasis.
10. All of the following are potential sources of pulmonary
emboli, EXCEPT: Correct Answer blood clots that form in
the left ventricle.
10. An individual receives treatment for an acute asthma attack
in the Emergency Room. Now he feels much better and wants to
,go home. His nurse practitioner wants to keep him under
observation for a few more hours. Which of the following
factors influenced the decision to keep this patient under
observation at the hospital? Correct Answer The patient may
experience a second episode of asthma related to the release of
leukotrienes up to 4-6 hours after the initial attack.
10. An older adult with no obvious sign of disability presents to
the Emergency Room at Memorial Medical Center with signs of
bacterial pneumonia including fever, cough and dyspnea. A left
lower lobe pneumonia is later confirmed on chest x-ray. Which
type of pneumonia has likely developed? Correct Answer
Community-acquired
10. Clinical manifestations of the DVT in the popliteal vein (in
the knee region) include all of the following, EXCEPT: Correct
Answer cyanosis distal to the knee.
10. Emphysema is caused by a deficiency in: Correct Answer
alpha-1 antitrypsin.
10. Julia Smith is an 18-year-old female with cystic fibrosis. The
respiratory consequences of Julia's cystic fibrosis are
characterized by: Correct Answer the production of thick
mucus secretions caused by abnormal chloride transport
mechanisms in the bronchial epithelium.
10. Lung tissue consolidation and impaired gas exchange in
bacterial pneumonia is caused by which of following? Correct
Answer Bronchioles and alveoli fill with exudates and
infectious debris
,10. Our 59 year old man from Cloudcroft with a 12 month
history of a productive cough reports that he has been coughing
on and off for a couple years. He decided to come to a clinic in
Las Cruces because he was feeling short of breath, even while
resting. His O2 saturations (SpO2) are 89% on room air.
Which of the following factors cause hypoxemia in chronic
bronchitis? (Choose 3 responses) Correct Answer -
Bronchoconstriction.
-Mucus secretions
-Bronchial edema
10. The pathophysiology of emphysema involves: Correct
Answer the loss of elastin surrounding the alveoli.
10. Virchow's Triad (risk factors for deep vein thrombosis)
includes all of the following EXCEPT: Correct Answer
hypertension.
10. Which of the following changes occurs in chronic asthma?
Correct Answer Bronchial fibrosis
10. Which of the following conditions is the direct cause of
respiratory acidosis in pulmonary diseases? Correct Answer
Hypercapnea
10. Which of the following individuals has orthopnea? Correct
Answer A woman who says that she sleeps in a chair because
she has difficulty breathing when lying flat.
, 10. Which of the following individuals is at the LOWEST risk
for developing pneumonia? Correct Answer A 12 year old girl
with a history of asthma.
10. Which of the following micro-organisms is the most
common cause of viral pneumonia in infants and children?
Correct Answer Respiratory syncytial virus
10. Which of the following statements best describes how an
inhaled allergen causes an acute asthmatic exacerbation in an
individual who has a genetic predisposition for asthma?
Correct Answer The release of IgE stimulates the release of
histamine from mast cells in the bronchi.
10. Why are patients with left ventricular failure (LVF) at risk
for developing bacterial pneumonia? Correct Answer
Pulmonary edema creates a hospitable environment for bacteria
colonization.
10. Why do adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis (CF)
have problems with malnutrition and weight loss? Correct
Answer The pancreatic duct is plugged with mucus resulting in
a reduction of pancreatic enzyme secretion.
11. In children, osteomalacia is called: Correct Answer
rickets.
11. Joint and tissue pain in gout is caused by elevated blood
levels of: Correct Answer uric acid.
