TNCC Seventh Edition study guide 2023
What roles are vital to a trauma team? - CORRECT ANSWER--The patient
-The team leader
-Core team
-Contigency and support services
What are the characteristics of an effective team? - CORRECT ANSWER--
Clear roles and responsibilities
- Shared mental model
- Optimize resources
- Strong team leadership
- Engage in regular discipline of feedback
- Strong sense of collective trust and confidence
- Create mechanisms to cooperate and coordinate
- Manage and optimize performance outcomes
-Interdependent and adaptive
What are key foundations to successful teamwork in the care of the
trauma patient? - CORRECT ANSWER-care coordination, clear
communication, and timely systematic assessment
What tools can be used to promote communication within a team structure?
What are the benefits of each? - CORRECT ANSWER-- Brief: designed to form
the team, designate team roles and responsibilities, establish climate and
goals, and engage the team in short and long-term planning
- Huddle: ideally convened prior to trauma patient's arrival; communicate
critical issues and emerging events, anticipate outcomes and likely
contingencies, assign resources, express concerns
- Debrief: process improvement
Define trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-Injury to living tissue caused by an
extrinsic agent; creates stressors that exceed tissue or organ's ability to
compensate
Define epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER-Study of factors that determine
and influence the frequency and distribution of injury, disease, and other
health-related events and their causes in a defined human population
When is the potential for traumatic injury present? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Whenever energy comes in contact with the human body
,Define kinematics - CORRECT ANSWER-The study of energy transfer as it
applies to identifying actual or intentional injuries
Define biomechanics - CORRECT ANSWER-The general study of forces and
their effects
Define mechanism of injury - CORRECT ANSWER-How external forces are
transferred to the body, resulting in injury
Define potential energy - CORRECT ANSWER-Stored energy; "at rest"
Define kinetic energy - CORRECT ANSWER-Energy in motion
Describe Newton's First Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER-A body at rest
will remain at rest, and a body in motion will stay in motion unless acted
upon by an outside force (energy)
Describe Newton's Second Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER-(F)orce = (m)ass
x (a)cceleration; It takes more force to move a heavy object
Describe Newton's Third Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER-For every
action, there is an equal and opposite reaction resulting from the transfer of
energy
Describe the Law of Conservation of Energy - CORRECT ANSWER-Energy can
neither be created nor destroyed, but it can change form
What are the five forms in which energy exist? - CORRECT ANSWER--
Mechanical: direct impact of an object
- Thermal
- Chemical
- Electrical
- Radiant
The consequences of mechanical energy are directly related to energy
- CORRECT ANSWER-Kinetic
Kinetic Energy (KE) is equal to - CORRECT ANSWER-1/2 the mass multiplied
by the velocity squared
In other words: when mass is doubled, energy is doubled; when velocity is
doubled, energy is quadrupled
Kinetic Energy formula - CORRECT ANSWER-KE=1/2mv^2
Differentiate between internal and external forces of energy transfer in the
context or trauma. - CORRECT ANSWER-External forces are how energy can
impact the body
, (e.g., deceleration, acceleration, compression). Internal forces represent
the ability of the body to withstand external forces.
How do internal forces protect the body from injury? - CORRECT ANSWER--
Compression strength: ability of tissue to resist crush injury or force
- Tensile strength: ability to resist being pulled apart when stretched
- Shear strength: ability to resist a force applied parallel to the tissue
List four main types of traumatic injury - CORRECT ANSWER-- Blunt trauma
- Penetrating trauma
- Thermal trauma
- Blast trauma
Examples of blunt trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-Falls
MVA
Vehicle vs. pedestrian collisions
Assaults
*Can result from broad energy impacts across large surface areas and involve
energy transfer causing deceleration or acceleration
*Greater distance of transfer diminishes deleterious impacts, and the more
focused the impact, the greater the damage
Deceleration injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-Occurs as energy is dispersed
from the moving object
* The speed of an impact is often less significant than the distance over
which the energy is transferred
Differentiate between deceleration and acceleration forces. - CORRECT
ANSWER-pg. 28
What environmental and pathophysiologic factors are considered when the
mechanism of injury is a fall? - CORRECT ANSWER-- Point of impact
- Type of surface that is hit
- Tissue's ability to resist
- Acceleration
When is a fall considered significant in the pediatric patient? - CORRECT
ANSWER-If the fall is from three times his or her height
Describe the three impacts in the motor vehicle impact sequence. -
CORRECT ANSWER-1. Vehicle hits another object
What roles are vital to a trauma team? - CORRECT ANSWER--The patient
-The team leader
-Core team
-Contigency and support services
What are the characteristics of an effective team? - CORRECT ANSWER--
Clear roles and responsibilities
- Shared mental model
- Optimize resources
- Strong team leadership
- Engage in regular discipline of feedback
- Strong sense of collective trust and confidence
- Create mechanisms to cooperate and coordinate
- Manage and optimize performance outcomes
-Interdependent and adaptive
What are key foundations to successful teamwork in the care of the
trauma patient? - CORRECT ANSWER-care coordination, clear
communication, and timely systematic assessment
What tools can be used to promote communication within a team structure?
What are the benefits of each? - CORRECT ANSWER-- Brief: designed to form
the team, designate team roles and responsibilities, establish climate and
goals, and engage the team in short and long-term planning
- Huddle: ideally convened prior to trauma patient's arrival; communicate
critical issues and emerging events, anticipate outcomes and likely
contingencies, assign resources, express concerns
- Debrief: process improvement
Define trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-Injury to living tissue caused by an
extrinsic agent; creates stressors that exceed tissue or organ's ability to
compensate
Define epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER-Study of factors that determine
and influence the frequency and distribution of injury, disease, and other
health-related events and their causes in a defined human population
When is the potential for traumatic injury present? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Whenever energy comes in contact with the human body
,Define kinematics - CORRECT ANSWER-The study of energy transfer as it
applies to identifying actual or intentional injuries
Define biomechanics - CORRECT ANSWER-The general study of forces and
their effects
Define mechanism of injury - CORRECT ANSWER-How external forces are
transferred to the body, resulting in injury
Define potential energy - CORRECT ANSWER-Stored energy; "at rest"
Define kinetic energy - CORRECT ANSWER-Energy in motion
Describe Newton's First Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER-A body at rest
will remain at rest, and a body in motion will stay in motion unless acted
upon by an outside force (energy)
Describe Newton's Second Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER-(F)orce = (m)ass
x (a)cceleration; It takes more force to move a heavy object
Describe Newton's Third Law of Motion - CORRECT ANSWER-For every
action, there is an equal and opposite reaction resulting from the transfer of
energy
Describe the Law of Conservation of Energy - CORRECT ANSWER-Energy can
neither be created nor destroyed, but it can change form
What are the five forms in which energy exist? - CORRECT ANSWER--
Mechanical: direct impact of an object
- Thermal
- Chemical
- Electrical
- Radiant
The consequences of mechanical energy are directly related to energy
- CORRECT ANSWER-Kinetic
Kinetic Energy (KE) is equal to - CORRECT ANSWER-1/2 the mass multiplied
by the velocity squared
In other words: when mass is doubled, energy is doubled; when velocity is
doubled, energy is quadrupled
Kinetic Energy formula - CORRECT ANSWER-KE=1/2mv^2
Differentiate between internal and external forces of energy transfer in the
context or trauma. - CORRECT ANSWER-External forces are how energy can
impact the body
, (e.g., deceleration, acceleration, compression). Internal forces represent
the ability of the body to withstand external forces.
How do internal forces protect the body from injury? - CORRECT ANSWER--
Compression strength: ability of tissue to resist crush injury or force
- Tensile strength: ability to resist being pulled apart when stretched
- Shear strength: ability to resist a force applied parallel to the tissue
List four main types of traumatic injury - CORRECT ANSWER-- Blunt trauma
- Penetrating trauma
- Thermal trauma
- Blast trauma
Examples of blunt trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-Falls
MVA
Vehicle vs. pedestrian collisions
Assaults
*Can result from broad energy impacts across large surface areas and involve
energy transfer causing deceleration or acceleration
*Greater distance of transfer diminishes deleterious impacts, and the more
focused the impact, the greater the damage
Deceleration injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-Occurs as energy is dispersed
from the moving object
* The speed of an impact is often less significant than the distance over
which the energy is transferred
Differentiate between deceleration and acceleration forces. - CORRECT
ANSWER-pg. 28
What environmental and pathophysiologic factors are considered when the
mechanism of injury is a fall? - CORRECT ANSWER-- Point of impact
- Type of surface that is hit
- Tissue's ability to resist
- Acceleration
When is a fall considered significant in the pediatric patient? - CORRECT
ANSWER-If the fall is from three times his or her height
Describe the three impacts in the motor vehicle impact sequence. -
CORRECT ANSWER-1. Vehicle hits another object
