2025 A & P 2: Final Exam 2 (GCU) Test
Questions with Correct Solutions
Scored A+.
functions of an artery - Answer carries oxygen and nutrients away from the heart to all parts
of the body
functions of veins and venules - Answer collect blood from capillaries and return it to the
heart; also serves as blood reservoirs because they carry blood under lower pressure and can
expand to hold a larger volume of blood or constrict to hold a smaller amount.
2. From outermost to innermost what are the tunicas of blood vessels? - Answer Tunica
Externa, Tunica Media, Tunica Interna
3. What layer of an artery consists mostly of smooth muscle? - Answer Myocardium
Why do larger veins have valves? - Answer To help low pressure veins overcome the force of
gravity. Movement that distorts the valves helps push more blood toward the heart.
What is venipuncture? - Answer collection of blood from a vein
6. What is the name of the space in a blood vessel where blood flows? - Answer Lumen
Major difference between arteries and veins - Answer Artery - round, thick wall. Away from
the heart. Vein - Flattened, or collapsed, thin wall. Blood back to the heart.
Importance of elasticity in arteries - Answer Elasticity is what allows an artery to constrict and
dilate. Controlled changes in blood pressure and volume.
vericose veins - Answer Dialated, swollen veins that have lost their elasticity and cause stasis,
or decreased blood flow
systemic vs pulmonary circulation - Answer systemic to the body, pulmonary through the lungs
, The bulk of the heart rests on this side of the body. - Answer left
Compare and contrast the apex and base of the heart - Answer apex is inferior and pointed
Explain the relationship between the parietal pericardium and epicardium - Answer
Epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart and parietal lines the sac.
What is the name given to the thin, tough sac which covers the heart? What happens if blood
gets caught in the space between between this sac and the heart itself? - Answer pericardial
sac: if blood gets in then the heart wont have space to beat.
what type of tissue comprises the bulk of the myocardium? - Answer cardiac muscle
inner lining of the heart - Answer endocardium
Where would you find the sulci of the heart - Answer marking border between atria and
ventricles
Where are the SVC and IVC? What do they drain into? - Answer Drain into the right atrium
What does prolapse and regurgitation refer to in terms of the heart - Answer backflow
Which side of the heart has a thicker ventricular wall - Answer Left ventricle
37. Discuss the role and the importance of the coronary arteries and coronary veins. - Answer
begin at base of ascending aortic arch and supply blood to cardiac muscle
Angina vs. Myocardial Infarction - Answer Angina= heart needs O2 -->chest pain: coronary
arteries being blocked
MI= heart tissue damage is occurring, occlusion of vessel: issue with conduction system
Questions with Correct Solutions
Scored A+.
functions of an artery - Answer carries oxygen and nutrients away from the heart to all parts
of the body
functions of veins and venules - Answer collect blood from capillaries and return it to the
heart; also serves as blood reservoirs because they carry blood under lower pressure and can
expand to hold a larger volume of blood or constrict to hold a smaller amount.
2. From outermost to innermost what are the tunicas of blood vessels? - Answer Tunica
Externa, Tunica Media, Tunica Interna
3. What layer of an artery consists mostly of smooth muscle? - Answer Myocardium
Why do larger veins have valves? - Answer To help low pressure veins overcome the force of
gravity. Movement that distorts the valves helps push more blood toward the heart.
What is venipuncture? - Answer collection of blood from a vein
6. What is the name of the space in a blood vessel where blood flows? - Answer Lumen
Major difference between arteries and veins - Answer Artery - round, thick wall. Away from
the heart. Vein - Flattened, or collapsed, thin wall. Blood back to the heart.
Importance of elasticity in arteries - Answer Elasticity is what allows an artery to constrict and
dilate. Controlled changes in blood pressure and volume.
vericose veins - Answer Dialated, swollen veins that have lost their elasticity and cause stasis,
or decreased blood flow
systemic vs pulmonary circulation - Answer systemic to the body, pulmonary through the lungs
, The bulk of the heart rests on this side of the body. - Answer left
Compare and contrast the apex and base of the heart - Answer apex is inferior and pointed
Explain the relationship between the parietal pericardium and epicardium - Answer
Epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart and parietal lines the sac.
What is the name given to the thin, tough sac which covers the heart? What happens if blood
gets caught in the space between between this sac and the heart itself? - Answer pericardial
sac: if blood gets in then the heart wont have space to beat.
what type of tissue comprises the bulk of the myocardium? - Answer cardiac muscle
inner lining of the heart - Answer endocardium
Where would you find the sulci of the heart - Answer marking border between atria and
ventricles
Where are the SVC and IVC? What do they drain into? - Answer Drain into the right atrium
What does prolapse and regurgitation refer to in terms of the heart - Answer backflow
Which side of the heart has a thicker ventricular wall - Answer Left ventricle
37. Discuss the role and the importance of the coronary arteries and coronary veins. - Answer
begin at base of ascending aortic arch and supply blood to cardiac muscle
Angina vs. Myocardial Infarction - Answer Angina= heart needs O2 -->chest pain: coronary
arteries being blocked
MI= heart tissue damage is occurring, occlusion of vessel: issue with conduction system
