MGMT 3000 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Motivation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |set |of |forces |that |cause |people |to |behave |in |certain |
ways
-the |goal |of |managers |is |to |maximize |desired |behaviors |and |minimize |undesirable |behavior
Determinants |of |individual |performance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Motivation |(the |desire |to |do |
the |job)
Ability |(the |capability |to |do |the |job)
Work |environment |(the |resources |needed |to |do |the |job)
The |Motivation |Framework |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Need |or |deficiency->search |for |ways |to |
satisfy |need->choice |of |behavior |to |satisfy |need->evaluation |of |need |satisfaction-
>determination |of |future |needs |and |search/choice |for |satisfaction
Content |Perspectives |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Focus |on |needs |and |deficiencies |of |individuals; |
are |approaches |to |motivation |that |try |to |answer |the |question, |"What |factors |in |the |workplace
|motivate |people?"
-Maslow's |Hierarchy |of |Needs, |Herzberg's |Two-Factor |Theory, |McClelland's |Achievement, |
Power, |and |Affiliation |Needs
Maslow's |Hierarchy |of |Needs |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Must |achieve |one |before |the |next:
1. |Physiological |needs |for |basic |survival |and |biological |function
2. |Security |needs |for |a |safe |physical |and |emotional |environment
3. |Belongingness |needs |for |love |and |affection
4. |Esteem |needs |for |positive |self-image/self-respect |and |recognition |and |respect |from |others
5. |Self-actualization |needs |for |realizing |one's |potential |for |personal |growth |and |development
,Herzberg's |Two-Factor |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--An |individual's |satisfaction |and |
dissatisfaction |are |influenced |by |two |independent |sets |of |factors- |motivation |factors |and |
hygiene |factors
-Theory |assumes |that |job |satisfaction |and |job |dissatisfaction |are |on |two |distinct |continuums:
--Motivational |factors |(work |content) |are |on |a |continuum |that |ranges |from |satisfaction |to |no |
satisfaction
--Hygiene |factors |(work |environment) |are |on |a |separate |continuum |that |ranges |from |
dissatisfaction |to |no |dissatisfaction
-Must |not |be |dissatisfied, |before |you |can |be |satisfied
McClelland's |Individual |Human |Needs |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--The |Need |for |Achievement: |
the |desire |to |accomplish |a |goal |or |task |more |effectively |than |in |the |past
-The |Need |for |Affiliation: |the |desire |for |human |companionship |and |acceptance
-The |Need |for |Power: |the |desire |to |be |influential |in |a |group |and |to |be |in |control |of |one's |
environment
Process |Perspectives |of |Motivation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Focus |on |why |people |choose |
certain |behavioral |options |to |satisfy |their |needs |and |how |they |evaluated |their |satisfaction |
after |they |have |attained |their |goals
-Expectancy |theory
-Porter |Lawler |Extension |of |Expectancy |theory
-Equity |theory
-Goal |Setting |theory
Expectancy |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Motivation |depends |on |how |much |we |want |
something |and |how |likely |we |are |to |get |it
-Behavior |is |determined |by |a |combination |of |personal |and |environmental |forces |
-people |make |decisions |about |their |own |behavior |in |organizations
, -Different |people |have |different |types |of |needs, |desires, |and |goals
-People |choose |among |alternatives |of |behaviors |in |selecting |one |that |leads |to |a |desired |
outcome
-Model |of |motivation |suggests |that |motivation |leads |to |effort |when |combined |with |ability |and
|environmental |factors; |effort |results |in |performance; |performance, |in |turn, |leads |to |various |
outcomes |that |have |value |(valence) |to |employees
Porter-Lawler |Extension |of |Expectancy |Thoery |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--If |performance |in |an |
organization |results |in |equitable |and |fair |rewards, |people |will |be |more |satisfied
-High |performance |can |lead |to |rewards |and |high |satisfaction
-Extrinsic |rewards |are |outcomes |that |are |set |and |awarded |by |external |parties |(such |as |pay |and
|promotions)
-Intrinsic |rewards |are |outcomes |that |are |internal |to |the |individual |(such |as |self-esteem |and |
feelings |of |accomplishment)
Equity |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--People |are |motivated |to |seek |social |equity |in |the |
rewards |they |receive |for |performance
-Equity |is |an |individual's |belief |that |the |treatment |he |or |she |receives |should |be |fair |relative |to |
the |treatment |received |by |others
-Individuals |view |the |value |of |rewards |(outcomes) |and |inputs |of |effort |as |ratios |and |make |
subjective |comparisons |of |themselves |to |other |people
Goal-Setting |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Behavior |is |a |result |of |conscious |goals |and |
intentions
-Setting |goals |influences |the |behavior |of |people |in |organizations
-Characteristics |of |goals:
--Goal |difficulty |(extent |to |which |a |goal |is |challenging |and |requires |effort; |people |work |harder |
to |achieve |more |difficult |goals; |should |be |difficult |but |attainable)
--Goal |specificity |(clarity |and |precision |of |the |goal; |goals |vary |in |their |ability |to |be |stated |
specifically)
Correct Answers
Motivation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |set |of |forces |that |cause |people |to |behave |in |certain |
ways
-the |goal |of |managers |is |to |maximize |desired |behaviors |and |minimize |undesirable |behavior
Determinants |of |individual |performance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Motivation |(the |desire |to |do |
the |job)
Ability |(the |capability |to |do |the |job)
Work |environment |(the |resources |needed |to |do |the |job)
The |Motivation |Framework |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Need |or |deficiency->search |for |ways |to |
satisfy |need->choice |of |behavior |to |satisfy |need->evaluation |of |need |satisfaction-
>determination |of |future |needs |and |search/choice |for |satisfaction
Content |Perspectives |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Focus |on |needs |and |deficiencies |of |individuals; |
are |approaches |to |motivation |that |try |to |answer |the |question, |"What |factors |in |the |workplace
|motivate |people?"
-Maslow's |Hierarchy |of |Needs, |Herzberg's |Two-Factor |Theory, |McClelland's |Achievement, |
Power, |and |Affiliation |Needs
Maslow's |Hierarchy |of |Needs |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Must |achieve |one |before |the |next:
1. |Physiological |needs |for |basic |survival |and |biological |function
2. |Security |needs |for |a |safe |physical |and |emotional |environment
3. |Belongingness |needs |for |love |and |affection
4. |Esteem |needs |for |positive |self-image/self-respect |and |recognition |and |respect |from |others
5. |Self-actualization |needs |for |realizing |one's |potential |for |personal |growth |and |development
,Herzberg's |Two-Factor |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--An |individual's |satisfaction |and |
dissatisfaction |are |influenced |by |two |independent |sets |of |factors- |motivation |factors |and |
hygiene |factors
-Theory |assumes |that |job |satisfaction |and |job |dissatisfaction |are |on |two |distinct |continuums:
--Motivational |factors |(work |content) |are |on |a |continuum |that |ranges |from |satisfaction |to |no |
satisfaction
--Hygiene |factors |(work |environment) |are |on |a |separate |continuum |that |ranges |from |
dissatisfaction |to |no |dissatisfaction
-Must |not |be |dissatisfied, |before |you |can |be |satisfied
McClelland's |Individual |Human |Needs |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--The |Need |for |Achievement: |
the |desire |to |accomplish |a |goal |or |task |more |effectively |than |in |the |past
-The |Need |for |Affiliation: |the |desire |for |human |companionship |and |acceptance
-The |Need |for |Power: |the |desire |to |be |influential |in |a |group |and |to |be |in |control |of |one's |
environment
Process |Perspectives |of |Motivation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Focus |on |why |people |choose |
certain |behavioral |options |to |satisfy |their |needs |and |how |they |evaluated |their |satisfaction |
after |they |have |attained |their |goals
-Expectancy |theory
-Porter |Lawler |Extension |of |Expectancy |theory
-Equity |theory
-Goal |Setting |theory
Expectancy |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Motivation |depends |on |how |much |we |want |
something |and |how |likely |we |are |to |get |it
-Behavior |is |determined |by |a |combination |of |personal |and |environmental |forces |
-people |make |decisions |about |their |own |behavior |in |organizations
, -Different |people |have |different |types |of |needs, |desires, |and |goals
-People |choose |among |alternatives |of |behaviors |in |selecting |one |that |leads |to |a |desired |
outcome
-Model |of |motivation |suggests |that |motivation |leads |to |effort |when |combined |with |ability |and
|environmental |factors; |effort |results |in |performance; |performance, |in |turn, |leads |to |various |
outcomes |that |have |value |(valence) |to |employees
Porter-Lawler |Extension |of |Expectancy |Thoery |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--If |performance |in |an |
organization |results |in |equitable |and |fair |rewards, |people |will |be |more |satisfied
-High |performance |can |lead |to |rewards |and |high |satisfaction
-Extrinsic |rewards |are |outcomes |that |are |set |and |awarded |by |external |parties |(such |as |pay |and
|promotions)
-Intrinsic |rewards |are |outcomes |that |are |internal |to |the |individual |(such |as |self-esteem |and |
feelings |of |accomplishment)
Equity |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--People |are |motivated |to |seek |social |equity |in |the |
rewards |they |receive |for |performance
-Equity |is |an |individual's |belief |that |the |treatment |he |or |she |receives |should |be |fair |relative |to |
the |treatment |received |by |others
-Individuals |view |the |value |of |rewards |(outcomes) |and |inputs |of |effort |as |ratios |and |make |
subjective |comparisons |of |themselves |to |other |people
Goal-Setting |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Behavior |is |a |result |of |conscious |goals |and |
intentions
-Setting |goals |influences |the |behavior |of |people |in |organizations
-Characteristics |of |goals:
--Goal |difficulty |(extent |to |which |a |goal |is |challenging |and |requires |effort; |people |work |harder |
to |achieve |more |difficult |goals; |should |be |difficult |but |attainable)
--Goal |specificity |(clarity |and |precision |of |the |goal; |goals |vary |in |their |ability |to |be |stated |
specifically)
