Summary periodic table

Chemistry Exam Notes: Periodic Table &
Elements
Introduction
The Periodic Table is a systematic arrangement of elements based on their atomic number,
electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.


Structure of Periodic Table
 Rows (Periods): Horizontal rows, indicate number of electron shells.
 Columns (Groups): Vertical columns, indicate similar chemical properties.
 Metals: Left side, conduct heat & electricity, malleable.
 Non-metals: Right side, poor conductors, brittle.
 Metalloids: Have properties of both metals and non-metals.


Important Groups
 Group 1: Alkali metals – highly reactive.
 Group 2: Alkaline earth metals – reactive but less than Group 1.
 Group 17: Halogens – very reactive non-metals.
 Group 18: Noble gases – inert, stable gases.


Trends in Periodic Table
 Atomic size decreases across a period, increases down a group.
 Electronegativity increases across a period, decreases down a group.
 Ionization energy increases across a period, decreases down a group.


Exam Tips
 Remember group properties and common examples.
 Focus on trends: atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity.
 Draw and label the Periodic Table section if asked.