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Chapter 66 Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple
Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (Lewis)
Pages 1587 – 1604. Questions and
Verified Answers
____________ is the drug of choice to treat anaphylactic shock. - ANS
Epinephrine
Absolute hypovolemia results when - ANS fluid is lost through hemorrhage,
gastrointestinal (GI) loss (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea), fistula drainage,
diabetes insipidus, or diuresis.
Anaphylactic shock is - ANSan acute and life-threatening hypersensitivity
(allergic) reaction.
♣ The reaction is caused by a sensitizing substance (e.g., drug, chemical,
vaccine, food, insect venom).
Cardiogenic shock occurs when - ANSeither systolic or diastolic
dysfunction of the pumping action of the heart results in reduced cardiac
output (CO).
Causes of cardiogenic shock include - ANSacute myocardial infarction (MI),
cardiomyopathy, blunt cardiac injury, severe systemic or pulmonary
hypertension, and myocardial depression from metabolic problems.
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Clinical manifestations of anaphylactic shock can include - ANSanxiety,
confusion, dizziness, chest pain, incontinence, swelling of the lips and
tongue, wheezing, stridor, flushing, pruritus, urticaria, and angioedema.
Clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock include - ANStachycardia,
hypotension, a narrowed pulse pressure, tachypnea, pulmonary
congestion, cyanosis, pallor, cool and clammy skin, diaphoresis, decreased
capillary refill time, anxiety, confusion, and agitation.
Clinical manifestations of hypovolemia depend on - ANSthe extent of injury
or insult, age, and general state of health and may include anxiety; an
increase in heart rate, CO, and respiratory rate and depth; and a decrease
in stroke volume, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), and urine
output.
Clinical manifestations of neurogenic shock include - ANShypotension,
bradycardia, temperature dysregulation (resulting in heat loss), dry skin,
and poikilothermia.
Definitive measures for cardiogenic shock include - ANSthrombolytic
therapy, angioplasty with stenting, emergency revascularization, and valve
replacement.
diagnosis for shock - ANSThere is no specific diagnostic study to determine
shock. The diagnosis is established from a detailed history and physical
examination findings.
2
Chapter 66 Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple
Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (Lewis)
Pages 1587 – 1604. Questions and
Verified Answers
____________ is the drug of choice to treat anaphylactic shock. - ANS
Epinephrine
Absolute hypovolemia results when - ANS fluid is lost through hemorrhage,
gastrointestinal (GI) loss (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea), fistula drainage,
diabetes insipidus, or diuresis.
Anaphylactic shock is - ANSan acute and life-threatening hypersensitivity
(allergic) reaction.
♣ The reaction is caused by a sensitizing substance (e.g., drug, chemical,
vaccine, food, insect venom).
Cardiogenic shock occurs when - ANSeither systolic or diastolic
dysfunction of the pumping action of the heart results in reduced cardiac
output (CO).
Causes of cardiogenic shock include - ANSacute myocardial infarction (MI),
cardiomyopathy, blunt cardiac injury, severe systemic or pulmonary
hypertension, and myocardial depression from metabolic problems.
1
, 2
Clinical manifestations of anaphylactic shock can include - ANSanxiety,
confusion, dizziness, chest pain, incontinence, swelling of the lips and
tongue, wheezing, stridor, flushing, pruritus, urticaria, and angioedema.
Clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock include - ANStachycardia,
hypotension, a narrowed pulse pressure, tachypnea, pulmonary
congestion, cyanosis, pallor, cool and clammy skin, diaphoresis, decreased
capillary refill time, anxiety, confusion, and agitation.
Clinical manifestations of hypovolemia depend on - ANSthe extent of injury
or insult, age, and general state of health and may include anxiety; an
increase in heart rate, CO, and respiratory rate and depth; and a decrease
in stroke volume, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), and urine
output.
Clinical manifestations of neurogenic shock include - ANShypotension,
bradycardia, temperature dysregulation (resulting in heat loss), dry skin,
and poikilothermia.
Definitive measures for cardiogenic shock include - ANSthrombolytic
therapy, angioplasty with stenting, emergency revascularization, and valve
replacement.
diagnosis for shock - ANSThere is no specific diagnostic study to determine
shock. The diagnosis is established from a detailed history and physical
examination findings.
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