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ASCP Laboratory Operations Review 2025/2026 – 250+ Real Exam Q&As | Pre-analytical Errors, QA/QC, CLIA, OSHA, LIS, Safety Protocols, Instrumentation & Calculations

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This ASCP Laboratory Operations Review 2025/2026 is a comprehensive study resource featuring 250+ exam-grade multiple-choice questions and verified answers, structured to mirror the ASCP BOC exam format for both MLS and MLT candidates. The questions are focused on non-clinical laboratory competencies, including quality management, regulatory compliance, safety protocols, lab operations, and instrumentation principles. Rationales are included for many answers, offering a deeper understanding of operational concepts and exam logic. Key topics covered: Pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical error recognition and prevention Quality Control (QC) & Quality Assurance (QA): Levey-Jennings, delta checks, reference intervals, accuracy/precision, confidence intervals, CV% Laboratory regulations & compliance: CLIA, CAP, JCAHO, OSHA, HIPAA, FDA responsibilities Safety & Hazard Management: PPE, chemical hygiene plans, NFPA labeling, fire/electrical safety, infectious waste handling, needlestick protocols LIS & Informatics: HL7, test ordering errors, barcode symbologies, autoverification, instrument interfacing, validation processes Lab administration & personnel management: Training, competency assessment, labor laws, communication strategies Instrumentation & Calculations: Spectrophotometry, centrifugation, pipetting, osmolality, molarity, dilutions, standard deviation, molal/molar solutions This document is particularly suitable for students and professionals aiming to strengthen their knowledge in laboratory operations and safety, often the most underestimated yet critical domain in the ASCP BOC exam blueprint. Relevant for: Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) and Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT) certification candidates ASCPi (international) exam takers Students in Clinical Laboratory Science, Biomedical Science, or Medical Technology Practicing lab professionals needing recertification or CE (continuing education) in lab operations and safety A must-have for anyone who wants to confidently tackle the operational and regulatory sections of the exam with mastery. Keywords: laboratory operations, ASCP lab safety, QA QC, CLIA regulations, CAP checklist, HIPAA, OSHA training, analytical errors, autoverification, LIS system, delta checks, specimen rejection, chemical hygiene, fire safety, PPE, spectrophotometry, lab calculations, molarity, dilution, centrifugation, hazard communication, quality indicators, accreditation, HIPAA compliance, BOC prep

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ASCP Laboratory Operations 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Verified Answers |
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Pre-analytical variables in laboratory testing include - 🧠ANSWER

✔✔Specimen acceptability


Which of the following is not a potential source of post analytical errors

1) Excessive delay in reporting or retrieving a test result

2) Interpretation of results

3) Verbal notification of test results


4) Labeling the specimen at the nurses station - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Labeling

the specimen at the nurses station


A pre-analytical error could be introduced by - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Vigorously

shaking of blood tube to prevent clotting

,The most important diagnosis and therapeutic management decision tool

used to interpret test results is - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Reference intervals


A clean catch urine is submitted to the laboratory for routine urinalysis and

culture. The routine urinalysis is done first, and three hours later, the

specimen is sent to the microbiology department for culture. The specimen

should - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Be rejected due to the time delay


Urine sample should be examined within one hour avoiding because -

🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bacterial contamination will cause alkalinization of the urine


A urine specimen comes to laboratory seven hours after it is obtained. It is

acceptable for culture only if the specimen has been stored - 🧠ANSWER

✔✔At 4-7°C


Pre-analytical errors are major contributors to total laboratory errors.

Examples of obvious pre-analytical errors are - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Specimen

collected in the wrong container

Unlabeled specimen

QNS, hemolyzed or lipemic specimens

,True or false analytical errors are not obvious to providers - 🧠ANSWER

✔✔True


Laboratory should monitor and track pre-analytical indicators of quality to

develop strategies to identify root causes of air and develop counter

measures. Examples of pre-analytical quality indicators include -

🧠ANSWER ✔✔Rate of an accurate test order entry into laboratory

information system

The first procedure to be followed if the blood gas instrument is out of

control for all parameters is - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Recalibrate, then repeat

control

Upon completion of a run of cholesterol test, the technician recognizes that

the controls are not within the two standard deviations confidence range.

What is the appropriate course of action - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Run a new set of

controls and repeat specimens

The following data were calculated on a series of 30 determinations of

serum uric acid control: mean = 5.8 mg/dL, 1 standard deviation = 0.15

mg/dL. If confidence limits are set at +/- 2 Standard deviations, which of the




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, following represents the allowable limits for the control - 🧠ANSWER

✔✔5.50 to 6.10 mg/dL


What are the three steps of an individualized quality control plan (IQCP) -

🧠ANSWER ✔✔Risk assessment, quality control plan, quality assessment


A delta check is a method that - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Monitors patient samples

day today

On Monday a patient's hemoglobin determination was 11.3 g/dL (113 g/L),

and on Tuesday it measured 11.8 g/dL (118 g/L). The standard deviation of

the method used is +/- 2 g/dL (2 g/L). Which of the following can be

concluded about the hemoglobin values given - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔There is no

significant change in the patient's hemoglobin concentration

A benefit of micro essays, such as point of care methods, include -

🧠ANSWER ✔✔Reduced sample volume


The use of security system such as firewalls and data encryption for

electronica transmission of patient data from a laboratory information

system to a remote location or required for - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔HIPAA

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