NUR 8022 INTRO TO ADVANCED
PHYSIOLOGY AND
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM WITH
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
Electrolytes - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-Inorganic ions in the protoplasm are electrolytes
-Most common electrolytes in the body are Na+, K+, and Cl-
Internal Environment - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-60% of the body is fluid
-Mostly inside the cells (ICF)
-Contains ions and nutrients to sustain life
-inorganic: ions: Na+, K+, Cl-
-organic: proteins, lipids, carbs
-Proper concentrations of O2, glucose, different ions, AA, fatty substances, and other
constituents in this environment essential to cell viability
ECF - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-Na+, Cl-, HCO3-
-Nutrients = O2, glucose, fatty acids, and AA
, -Waste products for excretion (CO2)
-Membranes maintain concentration balance (Na+ on the outside, K+ on inside)
ICF - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-K+, Mag, Phosphate ions
Homeostasis - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-"Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the
internal environment"
-All organs and tissues involved
EX: kidneys maintain ion concentrations,
respiratory-- O2 and excretion of CO2
-Control systems control ICF and ECF functions
EX: regulation of O2 and CO2
Negative Feedback - CORRECT-ANSWERS********promotes stability; most of the time it's a
good thing. Promotes homeostasis. End result is different than initiating stimulus
EX: hyperglycemia- pancreas will release insulin---> takes glucose back into the cells--->
decreases blood glucose level
*started with elevated BGL, ended with decrease BGL
PHYSIOLOGY AND
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM WITH
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
Electrolytes - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-Inorganic ions in the protoplasm are electrolytes
-Most common electrolytes in the body are Na+, K+, and Cl-
Internal Environment - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-60% of the body is fluid
-Mostly inside the cells (ICF)
-Contains ions and nutrients to sustain life
-inorganic: ions: Na+, K+, Cl-
-organic: proteins, lipids, carbs
-Proper concentrations of O2, glucose, different ions, AA, fatty substances, and other
constituents in this environment essential to cell viability
ECF - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-Na+, Cl-, HCO3-
-Nutrients = O2, glucose, fatty acids, and AA
, -Waste products for excretion (CO2)
-Membranes maintain concentration balance (Na+ on the outside, K+ on inside)
ICF - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-K+, Mag, Phosphate ions
Homeostasis - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-"Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the
internal environment"
-All organs and tissues involved
EX: kidneys maintain ion concentrations,
respiratory-- O2 and excretion of CO2
-Control systems control ICF and ECF functions
EX: regulation of O2 and CO2
Negative Feedback - CORRECT-ANSWERS********promotes stability; most of the time it's a
good thing. Promotes homeostasis. End result is different than initiating stimulus
EX: hyperglycemia- pancreas will release insulin---> takes glucose back into the cells--->
decreases blood glucose level
*started with elevated BGL, ended with decrease BGL
