Timeline:
1912 - ANC formed
1913 - forced land removal started
1924 - NUSAS formed
1956 - Black Sash formed
1959 - PAC formed
1975 - Inkata formed
1980’s - Stalemate
1985 - Secret talks w ANC
1989 - Botha had stroke
F.W De Klerk became president
1990 - Social segregation ended
State of nation address
Collapse of Soviet Union & end of Cold war
Groote Schuur talks
Pretoria talks
1991 - Population registration act repealed
Group areas act repealed
CODESA 1
1992 - White-only referendum
CODESA 2
Boipatong & Bisho massacres
1993 - St James church massacre
Heidelberg tavern
Chris Hani assassinated
AWB stormed world trade centre
1994 - Shell house massacre
Bomb blasts
First democratic elections (27 April)
1995 - TRC formed
Labour tenants act
1996 - New constitution adopted, new flag
1997 - RDP replaced by GEAR
1998 - TRC completed its report
Context
Late 1980’s
- A stalemate was reached between govt & opponents
- Neither side could move forward or change the situation alone
- Govt kept repression but ppl kept fighting back
- Govt still in power & resistance could not overthrow
- Both sides realised the need for compromise
Botha suffered a stroke in 1989 → couldn’t lead anymore
In September 1989, F.W. De Klerk became president → immediately introduced changes
1
1912 - ANC formed
1913 - forced land removal started
1924 - NUSAS formed
1956 - Black Sash formed
1959 - PAC formed
1975 - Inkata formed
1980’s - Stalemate
1985 - Secret talks w ANC
1989 - Botha had stroke
F.W De Klerk became president
1990 - Social segregation ended
State of nation address
Collapse of Soviet Union & end of Cold war
Groote Schuur talks
Pretoria talks
1991 - Population registration act repealed
Group areas act repealed
CODESA 1
1992 - White-only referendum
CODESA 2
Boipatong & Bisho massacres
1993 - St James church massacre
Heidelberg tavern
Chris Hani assassinated
AWB stormed world trade centre
1994 - Shell house massacre
Bomb blasts
First democratic elections (27 April)
1995 - TRC formed
Labour tenants act
1996 - New constitution adopted, new flag
1997 - RDP replaced by GEAR
1998 - TRC completed its report
Context
Late 1980’s
- A stalemate was reached between govt & opponents
- Neither side could move forward or change the situation alone
- Govt kept repression but ppl kept fighting back
- Govt still in power & resistance could not overthrow
- Both sides realised the need for compromise
Botha suffered a stroke in 1989 → couldn’t lead anymore
In September 1989, F.W. De Klerk became president → immediately introduced changes
1
