Timeline:
1912 - ANC formed
1924 - NUSAS formed
1956 - Black Sash formed
1959 - PAC formed
Homelands formed
1960 - Sharpeville massacre → organisations banned
1973 - Oil crisis (economic recession followed)
1975 - Inkata formed
1976 - Soweto uprising
Transkei made independent
1977 - Hundred+ black activists arrested → Steve Biko murder in detention
Bophuthatswana made independent
1978 - P.W Botha becomes prime minister → B.J Vorster resigned (corruption)
International apartheid sanctions (growing isolation for SA)
- sports, cultural and arms boycotts
1979 - Carlton centre meeting of Sanlam, Volkskas, Rembrandt group encouraged reforms
Black trade unions were legalised
1981 - Ciskei made independent
(TBVC states)
1982 - Black Local Authorities act (town councillors, local power/authority)
Internal security act
1983 - Republic of South Africa Constitution act (Sep)
White referendum
Tricameral parliament (2 Nov)
UDF formed against tricameral parliament
The National Forum formed
Venda made independent
ECC formed
1984 - Tricameral constitution came into effect
1985 - COSATU formed → politicised trade union
Partial state of emergency
Botha offered to released Mandela under conditions → secret talks w/ ANC
First appearance of vigilanties
Kairos document
1986 - Full state of emergency
National Education Crisis Committee
1988 - UDF and COSATU banned
1989 - UDF and COSATU became the Mass Democratic Movement (MDM)
Botha suffered a stroke
F.W De Klerk became president
1990 - Social segregation ended
Stalemate was reached between government and the resistance movement towards the end
of the 1980’s which meant neither could move forward → a compromise was necessary
1
1912 - ANC formed
1924 - NUSAS formed
1956 - Black Sash formed
1959 - PAC formed
Homelands formed
1960 - Sharpeville massacre → organisations banned
1973 - Oil crisis (economic recession followed)
1975 - Inkata formed
1976 - Soweto uprising
Transkei made independent
1977 - Hundred+ black activists arrested → Steve Biko murder in detention
Bophuthatswana made independent
1978 - P.W Botha becomes prime minister → B.J Vorster resigned (corruption)
International apartheid sanctions (growing isolation for SA)
- sports, cultural and arms boycotts
1979 - Carlton centre meeting of Sanlam, Volkskas, Rembrandt group encouraged reforms
Black trade unions were legalised
1981 - Ciskei made independent
(TBVC states)
1982 - Black Local Authorities act (town councillors, local power/authority)
Internal security act
1983 - Republic of South Africa Constitution act (Sep)
White referendum
Tricameral parliament (2 Nov)
UDF formed against tricameral parliament
The National Forum formed
Venda made independent
ECC formed
1984 - Tricameral constitution came into effect
1985 - COSATU formed → politicised trade union
Partial state of emergency
Botha offered to released Mandela under conditions → secret talks w/ ANC
First appearance of vigilanties
Kairos document
1986 - Full state of emergency
National Education Crisis Committee
1988 - UDF and COSATU banned
1989 - UDF and COSATU became the Mass Democratic Movement (MDM)
Botha suffered a stroke
F.W De Klerk became president
1990 - Social segregation ended
Stalemate was reached between government and the resistance movement towards the end
of the 1980’s which meant neither could move forward → a compromise was necessary
1
