Pediatric Hesi Case Study:
Dehydration Questions and Answers |
Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct &
Verified
Which sign is the earliest indicator of dehydration in infants?
A. Sunken eyes
✔✔B. Tachycardia
C. Dry lips
D. Decreased urine output
Which type of dehydration occurs when water and sodium are lost in equal amounts?
A. Hypotonic
B. Hypertonic
✔✔C. Isotonic
D. Mixed
Which laboratory finding is expected in severe dehydration?
A. Low urine specific gravity
1
,✔✔B. Elevated hematocrit
C. Decreased serum sodium
D. Normal BUN
Which IV fluid is most appropriate for initial rehydration in severe pediatric dehydration?
A. 0.45% saline
✔✔B. 0.9% normal saline
C. Dextrose 5% in water
D. Fruit juice
Which urine specific gravity suggests dehydration in children?
A. 1.005
B. 1.010
✔✔C. 1.030
D. 1.000
Which is the best method to assess hydration status in infants?
A. Bowel sounds
2
,B. Capillary refill alone
✔✔C. Daily weight
D. Temperature
Which skin assessment finding is common in severe dehydration?
A. Normal elasticity
✔✔B. Slow skin turgor return
C. Warm moist skin
D. Immediate recoil
Which electrolyte imbalance is common in hypertonic dehydration?
A. Hypokalemia
✔✔B. Hypernatremia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hyperkalemia
Which symptom suggests severe dehydration in a 2-year-old?
A. Mild thirst
3
, B. Irritability
✔✔C. Lethargy
D. Moist mucous membranes
Which vital sign change is most consistent with dehydration?
A. Bradycardia
✔✔B. Tachycardia
C. Hypertension
D. Bradypnea
Which finding best indicates improvement after IV rehydration?
A. Dry lips
✔✔B. Urine output greater than 1 mL/kg/hr
C. Sunken fontanel
D. Continued irritability
Which stool pattern places a child at greatest risk for dehydration?
A. One soft stool daily
4
Dehydration Questions and Answers |
Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct &
Verified
Which sign is the earliest indicator of dehydration in infants?
A. Sunken eyes
✔✔B. Tachycardia
C. Dry lips
D. Decreased urine output
Which type of dehydration occurs when water and sodium are lost in equal amounts?
A. Hypotonic
B. Hypertonic
✔✔C. Isotonic
D. Mixed
Which laboratory finding is expected in severe dehydration?
A. Low urine specific gravity
1
,✔✔B. Elevated hematocrit
C. Decreased serum sodium
D. Normal BUN
Which IV fluid is most appropriate for initial rehydration in severe pediatric dehydration?
A. 0.45% saline
✔✔B. 0.9% normal saline
C. Dextrose 5% in water
D. Fruit juice
Which urine specific gravity suggests dehydration in children?
A. 1.005
B. 1.010
✔✔C. 1.030
D. 1.000
Which is the best method to assess hydration status in infants?
A. Bowel sounds
2
,B. Capillary refill alone
✔✔C. Daily weight
D. Temperature
Which skin assessment finding is common in severe dehydration?
A. Normal elasticity
✔✔B. Slow skin turgor return
C. Warm moist skin
D. Immediate recoil
Which electrolyte imbalance is common in hypertonic dehydration?
A. Hypokalemia
✔✔B. Hypernatremia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hyperkalemia
Which symptom suggests severe dehydration in a 2-year-old?
A. Mild thirst
3
, B. Irritability
✔✔C. Lethargy
D. Moist mucous membranes
Which vital sign change is most consistent with dehydration?
A. Bradycardia
✔✔B. Tachycardia
C. Hypertension
D. Bradypnea
Which finding best indicates improvement after IV rehydration?
A. Dry lips
✔✔B. Urine output greater than 1 mL/kg/hr
C. Sunken fontanel
D. Continued irritability
Which stool pattern places a child at greatest risk for dehydration?
A. One soft stool daily
4
