Heartcode PALS
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1. What should the first rescuer arriving on the scene of a unresponsive infant
or child do?: 1. Verify scene safety
2. Check for responsiveness
3. Shout for help
4. Activate the emergency response system
2. How long should assessing for breathing and a pulse take?: No longer than
10 seconds
3. What should you do to check for breathing?: Look for chest rise and fall
4. Where can you check a pulse on an infant and a child?: Infant = Brachial
Child = Femoral
5. If the child does not have normal breathing and a pulse of 64/min is present,
you will need to:
A) begin CPR
B) monitor
C) provide rescue breathing: Provide rescue breathing
6. For an unwitnessed cardiac arrest, what should you do after determining
unresponsiveness and there is no breathing and no pulse?
A) shout for help
B) perform high quality CPR for 2 minutes
C) provide rescue breaths
D) activate the emergency response system: Perform high quality CPR for 2
minutes
7. The appropriate rate for compressions for children is 100-120/min. What is
the correct depth for children?
A) approximately 2 inches (one third the AP diameter)
B) approximately 3 inches (one half AP diameter)
C) approximately 4 inches (two thirds AP diameter): Approximately 2 inches (one
third the AP diameter)
8. What is the compression to ventilation ratio for 1- and 2-rescuer CPR for
children and infants?
A) 15:2 for both
B) 30:2 for both
C) single rescuer 15:2, 2 rescuers 30:2
D) single rescuer 30:2, 2 rescuers 15:2: Single rescuer 30:2, 2 rescuers 15:2
9. How should 1-rescuer infant compressions be delivered?
A) with 2 fingers or 2 thumbs
B) with 1 finger or 2 thumbs
C) with 2 hands or 2 fingers
D) with 1 hand or 2 fingers: With 2 fingers or 2 thumbs
, Heartcode PALS
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10. What is the preferred technique for infant compressions when there are 2
or more rescuers present?
A) 1 finger technique
B) 1 thumb encircling hands technique
C) 2 thumb encircling hands technique
D) 2 finger technique: 2 thumb encircling hands technique
11. What are the 4 universal steps for operation of an AED?: 1. Turn on the AED
2. Attach pads to the patient
3. Analyze the heart rhythm
4. Deliver indicated shock
12. If the AED indicates no shock advised, what should be the next action?
A) start chest compressions
B) call for help
C) remove AED pads
D) give 2 rescue breaths: Start chest compressions
13. What does A-B-C in the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) stand for?: A
- Appearance
B - Work of Breathing
C - Circulation
14. When is the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) performed to make an
initial assessment?
A) during the "from the doorway" observation
B) during the primary assessment
C) during the transfer of care
D) during the secondary assessment: During the "from the doorway" observation
15. What sequence is used when caring for a seriously ill or injured child to
help determine the best treatment or intervention?: Evaluate Identify Intervene
sequence
16. The evaluate-identify-intervene sequence should be continued until:
A) the child is stable
B) the child is ready for transport
C) the child is ready for discharge
D) interventions are provided for the child: The child is stable
17. The primary assessment includes the ABCDE approach. What does it
assess?: Airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure
18. How is the airway assessed?: Determining if the airway is open/patent
19. In the primary assessment, how should you open the airway of a child who
is not suspected of having a cervical spine injury?
A) with ET intubation
, Heartcode PALS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dxxc8z
B) with a jaw thrust
C) by flexing the neck
D) with a head tilt-chin lift: With a head tilt-chin lift
20. In infants, the abdomen may move______the chest: more than
21. What is a characteristic of normal chest rise?: Symmetrical during inspiration
22. ________ is usually high-pitched breathing during inspiration, whereas
_________ is usually during expiration: Stridor, wheezing
23. Snoring and gurgling are a result of _____ airway obstruction.: Upper
24. Crackles happen during ______, and grunting happens during ____.: Inspi-
ration, expiration
25. Oxygen saturation less than __ indicates low oxygen saturation, which is
known as hypoxemia.: 94%
26. Pulse oximetry indicates oxygen __________, but not oxygen delivery.: -
Saturation
27. Conditions that ________ air resistance lead to increased respiratory
______.: Increase, effort
28. What are signs of increased respiratory effort that can lead to fatigue and
respiratory failure?: - Nasal flaring
- Retractions
- Head bobbing
- Seesaw respirations
29. Determine the respiratory rate by counting the number of times the chest
rises in __ seconds and multiplying by __.: 30, 2
30. Tachypnea is often the first sign of respiratory _________ in infants.: Dis-
tress
31. Hypotension for children 1 to 10 years of age is a systolic blood pressure
of less than:
A) 50 + (2 x age in years)
B) 40 + (2 x age in years)
C) 70 + (2 x age in years)
D) 60 + (2 x age in years): 70 + (2 x age in years)
32. Automated blood pressure cuffs may provide _______ ____ readings when
the child is in shock.: Inaccurately high
33. What does a prolonged capillary refill time indicate?
A) low cardiac rate
B) increased stroke volume
C) increased cardiac output
D) low cardiac output: Low cardiac output
34. Normal capillary refill time is _ second(s) or less.: 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dxxc8z
1. What should the first rescuer arriving on the scene of a unresponsive infant
or child do?: 1. Verify scene safety
2. Check for responsiveness
3. Shout for help
4. Activate the emergency response system
2. How long should assessing for breathing and a pulse take?: No longer than
10 seconds
3. What should you do to check for breathing?: Look for chest rise and fall
4. Where can you check a pulse on an infant and a child?: Infant = Brachial
Child = Femoral
5. If the child does not have normal breathing and a pulse of 64/min is present,
you will need to:
A) begin CPR
B) monitor
C) provide rescue breathing: Provide rescue breathing
6. For an unwitnessed cardiac arrest, what should you do after determining
unresponsiveness and there is no breathing and no pulse?
A) shout for help
B) perform high quality CPR for 2 minutes
C) provide rescue breaths
D) activate the emergency response system: Perform high quality CPR for 2
minutes
7. The appropriate rate for compressions for children is 100-120/min. What is
the correct depth for children?
A) approximately 2 inches (one third the AP diameter)
B) approximately 3 inches (one half AP diameter)
C) approximately 4 inches (two thirds AP diameter): Approximately 2 inches (one
third the AP diameter)
8. What is the compression to ventilation ratio for 1- and 2-rescuer CPR for
children and infants?
A) 15:2 for both
B) 30:2 for both
C) single rescuer 15:2, 2 rescuers 30:2
D) single rescuer 30:2, 2 rescuers 15:2: Single rescuer 30:2, 2 rescuers 15:2
9. How should 1-rescuer infant compressions be delivered?
A) with 2 fingers or 2 thumbs
B) with 1 finger or 2 thumbs
C) with 2 hands or 2 fingers
D) with 1 hand or 2 fingers: With 2 fingers or 2 thumbs
, Heartcode PALS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dxxc8z
10. What is the preferred technique for infant compressions when there are 2
or more rescuers present?
A) 1 finger technique
B) 1 thumb encircling hands technique
C) 2 thumb encircling hands technique
D) 2 finger technique: 2 thumb encircling hands technique
11. What are the 4 universal steps for operation of an AED?: 1. Turn on the AED
2. Attach pads to the patient
3. Analyze the heart rhythm
4. Deliver indicated shock
12. If the AED indicates no shock advised, what should be the next action?
A) start chest compressions
B) call for help
C) remove AED pads
D) give 2 rescue breaths: Start chest compressions
13. What does A-B-C in the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) stand for?: A
- Appearance
B - Work of Breathing
C - Circulation
14. When is the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) performed to make an
initial assessment?
A) during the "from the doorway" observation
B) during the primary assessment
C) during the transfer of care
D) during the secondary assessment: During the "from the doorway" observation
15. What sequence is used when caring for a seriously ill or injured child to
help determine the best treatment or intervention?: Evaluate Identify Intervene
sequence
16. The evaluate-identify-intervene sequence should be continued until:
A) the child is stable
B) the child is ready for transport
C) the child is ready for discharge
D) interventions are provided for the child: The child is stable
17. The primary assessment includes the ABCDE approach. What does it
assess?: Airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure
18. How is the airway assessed?: Determining if the airway is open/patent
19. In the primary assessment, how should you open the airway of a child who
is not suspected of having a cervical spine injury?
A) with ET intubation
, Heartcode PALS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dxxc8z
B) with a jaw thrust
C) by flexing the neck
D) with a head tilt-chin lift: With a head tilt-chin lift
20. In infants, the abdomen may move______the chest: more than
21. What is a characteristic of normal chest rise?: Symmetrical during inspiration
22. ________ is usually high-pitched breathing during inspiration, whereas
_________ is usually during expiration: Stridor, wheezing
23. Snoring and gurgling are a result of _____ airway obstruction.: Upper
24. Crackles happen during ______, and grunting happens during ____.: Inspi-
ration, expiration
25. Oxygen saturation less than __ indicates low oxygen saturation, which is
known as hypoxemia.: 94%
26. Pulse oximetry indicates oxygen __________, but not oxygen delivery.: -
Saturation
27. Conditions that ________ air resistance lead to increased respiratory
______.: Increase, effort
28. What are signs of increased respiratory effort that can lead to fatigue and
respiratory failure?: - Nasal flaring
- Retractions
- Head bobbing
- Seesaw respirations
29. Determine the respiratory rate by counting the number of times the chest
rises in __ seconds and multiplying by __.: 30, 2
30. Tachypnea is often the first sign of respiratory _________ in infants.: Dis-
tress
31. Hypotension for children 1 to 10 years of age is a systolic blood pressure
of less than:
A) 50 + (2 x age in years)
B) 40 + (2 x age in years)
C) 70 + (2 x age in years)
D) 60 + (2 x age in years): 70 + (2 x age in years)
32. Automated blood pressure cuffs may provide _______ ____ readings when
the child is in shock.: Inaccurately high
33. What does a prolonged capillary refill time indicate?
A) low cardiac rate
B) increased stroke volume
C) increased cardiac output
D) low cardiac output: Low cardiac output
34. Normal capillary refill time is _ second(s) or less.: 2
