1 || |P |a |g |e
PC707-MODULE 2 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025
What is natural immunity? - correct-answer--"innate"
| | | | |
-physical barriers, natural killers cells, phagocytes
| | | | |
-non-specific
What is acquired immunity? - correct-answer--acquired
| | | | |
-specific
-after exposure to an antigen
| | | |
-T cells & B cells are involved
| | | | | |
What is cell-mediated immunity? - correct-answer--does not involve antibodies
| | | | | | | |
-activation of antigen-specific cytotoxic t cells (these help the infected cells cause
| | | | | | | | | | |
|apoptosis "cell death") | |
-release of various cytokines
| | |
What is humoral immunity? - correct-answer--b cells, helper t cells, macrophages,
| | | | | | | | | |
dendritic cells all help faciliate the production of antibodies
| | | | | | | | |
What cells does HIV attack? - correct-answer--helper t-cells
| | | | | | |
-these cells are vital to producing a humoral response--which is why people
| | | | | | | | | | |
|infected with HIV become severely immunocompromised
| | | | |
,2 || |P |a |g |e
What is a live or attenuated vaccine? - correct-answer--contains a "live" form of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the organism but is NON-infective
| | | | |
-altered to produce a low chance of causing the disease
| | | | | | | | |
-increased chance for long-term immunity | | | |
-MAY cause the disease
| | |
What is a killed or in-attenuated vaccine? - correct-answer--contains dead
| | | | | | | | |
portions of the organism but is antigenically active
| | | | | | | |
-WON'T cause the disease | | |
-protection is more short term | | | |
-will need more boosters
| | |
What are precautions with vaccinations? - correct-answer--temp greater than 105
| | | | | | | | |
within 48 hours of a vaccine
| | | | | |
-continuous crying greater than 3 hours | | | | |
-convulsions
What are the contraindications for giving vaccinations? - correct-answer--true egg
| | | | | | | | |
allergy-- "anaphylactic reactions" (those with mild egg reactions are ok)
| | | | | | | | | |
-no "live" vaccines in pregnancy
| | | |
-encephalopathy
-experienced GBS (guillain barre syndrome) | | | |
,3 || |P |a |g |e
When is TDAP given in pregnancy? Why is this timing important? - correct-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
answer--27-36 weeks gestation
| | |
-this is to ensure the mother has adequate time to develop antibodies in order to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|pass them on to the fetus AND for there to be adequate protection to the infant
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|until they can get their routine DTaP vaccination
| | | | | | |
-it is safe to be given sooner for extenuative circumstances such as a "whooping
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|cough outbreak" or potential tetanus exposure
| | | | |
Who should we consult for up-to-date evidence-based prescribing practices
| | | | | | | |
regarding flu vaccinations? - correct-answer--the CDC
| | | | | |
-local health department
| |
Is acyclovir okay to give in pregnancy? What would it be used for? - correct-
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|answer--Yes it is safe | | |
-It can be used as "suppressive" therapy during pregnancy to help prevent vertical
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|transmission of herpes simplex virus to the infant during vaginal delivery
| | | | | | | | | |
What are the two FDA approved medications approved antivirals used for
| | | | | | | | | |
influenza? - correct-answer--oseltamivir (Tamiflu)--oral form
| | | | |
-zanamivir (Relenza)--inhaled form | |
-these inhibit neuraminidase--a viral enzyme required for viral replication
| | | | | | | |
-these both have activity against influenza A & B
| | | | | | | |
-only effective if given within 48 hours of onset of symptoms
| | | | | | | | | |
, 4 || |P |a |g |e
Are tetracyclines safe during breastfeeding? - correct-answer--Should be avoided
| | | | | | | |
because it has the potential to harm the teeth and bones
| | | | | | | | | | |
Which cephlasporins are safe during pregnancy? - correct-answer--1st generation-
| | | | | | | |
-mostly active against gram + & minimal gram - "cephalexin"
| | | | | | | | |
-2nd generation--active against gram + & a little more gram - as well as some
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|atypical anaerobes "cefoxitin" | |
Are fluoroquinolones safe during pregnancy and lactation? - correct-answer--No
| | | | | | | |
they should be avoided
| | | |
If a patient has a true PCN allergy--what generation of cephlasporins are they
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|more likely to react to? - correct-answer--1st generation
| | | | | | |
Bacterial cell walls are made up of what? - correct-answer--peptidoglycans
| | | | | | | | |
-this is what the beta-lactam ring antibiotics target
| | | | | | |
Why should a bacteriostatic antibiotic be avoided when taking a PCN or PCN
| | | | | | | | | | | |
related antibiotic? - correct-answer--these only work when bacteria are actively
| | | | | | | | | |
growing
|
-a bacteriostatic antibiotic will stop the bacteria from growing--thus rendering the
| | | | | | | | | |
|PCN ineffective |
What are contraindications for PCN drugs? - correct-answer--type one allergic
| | | | | | | | |
reaction
|
-cautions in patients with allergy to a cephalsporin
| | | | | | |
PC707-MODULE 2 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025
What is natural immunity? - correct-answer--"innate"
| | | | |
-physical barriers, natural killers cells, phagocytes
| | | | |
-non-specific
What is acquired immunity? - correct-answer--acquired
| | | | |
-specific
-after exposure to an antigen
| | | |
-T cells & B cells are involved
| | | | | |
What is cell-mediated immunity? - correct-answer--does not involve antibodies
| | | | | | | |
-activation of antigen-specific cytotoxic t cells (these help the infected cells cause
| | | | | | | | | | |
|apoptosis "cell death") | |
-release of various cytokines
| | |
What is humoral immunity? - correct-answer--b cells, helper t cells, macrophages,
| | | | | | | | | |
dendritic cells all help faciliate the production of antibodies
| | | | | | | | |
What cells does HIV attack? - correct-answer--helper t-cells
| | | | | | |
-these cells are vital to producing a humoral response--which is why people
| | | | | | | | | | |
|infected with HIV become severely immunocompromised
| | | | |
,2 || |P |a |g |e
What is a live or attenuated vaccine? - correct-answer--contains a "live" form of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the organism but is NON-infective
| | | | |
-altered to produce a low chance of causing the disease
| | | | | | | | |
-increased chance for long-term immunity | | | |
-MAY cause the disease
| | |
What is a killed or in-attenuated vaccine? - correct-answer--contains dead
| | | | | | | | |
portions of the organism but is antigenically active
| | | | | | | |
-WON'T cause the disease | | |
-protection is more short term | | | |
-will need more boosters
| | |
What are precautions with vaccinations? - correct-answer--temp greater than 105
| | | | | | | | |
within 48 hours of a vaccine
| | | | | |
-continuous crying greater than 3 hours | | | | |
-convulsions
What are the contraindications for giving vaccinations? - correct-answer--true egg
| | | | | | | | |
allergy-- "anaphylactic reactions" (those with mild egg reactions are ok)
| | | | | | | | | |
-no "live" vaccines in pregnancy
| | | |
-encephalopathy
-experienced GBS (guillain barre syndrome) | | | |
,3 || |P |a |g |e
When is TDAP given in pregnancy? Why is this timing important? - correct-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
answer--27-36 weeks gestation
| | |
-this is to ensure the mother has adequate time to develop antibodies in order to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|pass them on to the fetus AND for there to be adequate protection to the infant
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|until they can get their routine DTaP vaccination
| | | | | | |
-it is safe to be given sooner for extenuative circumstances such as a "whooping
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|cough outbreak" or potential tetanus exposure
| | | | |
Who should we consult for up-to-date evidence-based prescribing practices
| | | | | | | |
regarding flu vaccinations? - correct-answer--the CDC
| | | | | |
-local health department
| |
Is acyclovir okay to give in pregnancy? What would it be used for? - correct-
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|answer--Yes it is safe | | |
-It can be used as "suppressive" therapy during pregnancy to help prevent vertical
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|transmission of herpes simplex virus to the infant during vaginal delivery
| | | | | | | | | |
What are the two FDA approved medications approved antivirals used for
| | | | | | | | | |
influenza? - correct-answer--oseltamivir (Tamiflu)--oral form
| | | | |
-zanamivir (Relenza)--inhaled form | |
-these inhibit neuraminidase--a viral enzyme required for viral replication
| | | | | | | |
-these both have activity against influenza A & B
| | | | | | | |
-only effective if given within 48 hours of onset of symptoms
| | | | | | | | | |
, 4 || |P |a |g |e
Are tetracyclines safe during breastfeeding? - correct-answer--Should be avoided
| | | | | | | |
because it has the potential to harm the teeth and bones
| | | | | | | | | | |
Which cephlasporins are safe during pregnancy? - correct-answer--1st generation-
| | | | | | | |
-mostly active against gram + & minimal gram - "cephalexin"
| | | | | | | | |
-2nd generation--active against gram + & a little more gram - as well as some
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|atypical anaerobes "cefoxitin" | |
Are fluoroquinolones safe during pregnancy and lactation? - correct-answer--No
| | | | | | | |
they should be avoided
| | | |
If a patient has a true PCN allergy--what generation of cephlasporins are they
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|more likely to react to? - correct-answer--1st generation
| | | | | | |
Bacterial cell walls are made up of what? - correct-answer--peptidoglycans
| | | | | | | | |
-this is what the beta-lactam ring antibiotics target
| | | | | | |
Why should a bacteriostatic antibiotic be avoided when taking a PCN or PCN
| | | | | | | | | | | |
related antibiotic? - correct-answer--these only work when bacteria are actively
| | | | | | | | | |
growing
|
-a bacteriostatic antibiotic will stop the bacteria from growing--thus rendering the
| | | | | | | | | |
|PCN ineffective |
What are contraindications for PCN drugs? - correct-answer--type one allergic
| | | | | | | | |
reaction
|
-cautions in patients with allergy to a cephalsporin
| | | | | | |
