NURS 280 Final Questions & Answers With Complete
Solutions
A nurse admits a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage and
increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following
medications should the nurse expect to administer to decrease
ICP?
A. Dopamine
B. Mannitol
C. Nicardipine
D. Phenytoin Correct Answers Mannitol: Mannitol is an
osmotic diuretic commonly used to reduce intracranial pressure
in clients with conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage,
traumatic brain injury, or cerebral edema. It works by drawing
fluid from brain tissue into the bloodstream, thereby reducing
cerebral edema and ICP.
A nurse at a rehabilitation center is planning care for a client
who had a left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 3
weeks ago. Which of the following goals should the nurse
include in the client's rehabilitation program?
A. Improve left side motor function.
B. Compensate for loss of depth perception.
C. Establish the ability to communicate effectively.
D. Learn to control impulsive behavior. Correct Answers C
A nurse caring for a client who has hypertension and asks the
nurse about a prescription for propranolol. The nurse should
inform the client that this medication is contraindicated in
clients who have a history of which of the following conditions?
Correct Answers Asthma
,Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is contraindicated in clients who
have asthma because it can cause bronchospasms. Propranolol
blocks the sympathetic stimulation, which prevents smooth
muscle relaxation.
Beta-blockers are contraindicated in clients who have
cardiogenic shock, and AV heart block.
A nurse has received report on a client who has a basilar skull
fracture. Which of the following findings should the nurse
anticipate with this client?
A. Pooling of blood and edema around the eyes
B. Ability to recall how the injury occurred
C. Bruising over the mastoid process
D. Chvostek's sign Correct Answers A. Pooling of blood and
edema around the eyes: Basilar skull fractures can lead to
leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the surrounding
tissues, resulting in periorbital ecchymosis, also known as
raccoon eyes, due to pooling of blood and edema around the
eyes. This finding is characteristic of basilar skull fractures and
is caused by disruption of the meninges and subsequent CSF
leakage into the soft tissues of the face.
Bruising over the mastoid process: Bruising over the mastoid
process, known as Battle sign, is associated with basilar skull
fractures. Battle sign results from blood accumulation
(hematoma) in the mastoid region behind the ear due to fracture-
related injury to the middle meningeal artery or other blood
vessels. This finding typically develops 24-48 hours after the
injury.
, A nurse is analyzing a client's electrocardiogram (ECG) strip
and identifies the following information:
Heart rate: 92/min
Rhythm: Irregular
P wave: Unable to identify
PR interval: Unable to measure
QRS duration: 0.10 seconds Correct Answers A fib
Atrial fibrillation is indicated in ECG analysis by an irregular
rhythm, the absence of identifiable P waves, and the inability to
measure PR interval.
A nurse is assessing a client who has acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the
nurse expect? Correct Answers Decreased pulmonary
compliance due to stiffness.
A hallmark manifestation of ARDS is decreased pulmonary
compliance due to the stiffness of a poorly aerated lung.
A nurse is assessing a client who has suspected acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify that which
of the following is the most common presenting manifestation of
ARDS?
Dyspnea
Cyanosis
Diaphoresis
Somnolence Correct Answers Dyspnea that worsens within 6
to 72 hr of the inciting event is the most common presenting
manifestation of ARDS.
Solutions
A nurse admits a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage and
increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following
medications should the nurse expect to administer to decrease
ICP?
A. Dopamine
B. Mannitol
C. Nicardipine
D. Phenytoin Correct Answers Mannitol: Mannitol is an
osmotic diuretic commonly used to reduce intracranial pressure
in clients with conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage,
traumatic brain injury, or cerebral edema. It works by drawing
fluid from brain tissue into the bloodstream, thereby reducing
cerebral edema and ICP.
A nurse at a rehabilitation center is planning care for a client
who had a left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 3
weeks ago. Which of the following goals should the nurse
include in the client's rehabilitation program?
A. Improve left side motor function.
B. Compensate for loss of depth perception.
C. Establish the ability to communicate effectively.
D. Learn to control impulsive behavior. Correct Answers C
A nurse caring for a client who has hypertension and asks the
nurse about a prescription for propranolol. The nurse should
inform the client that this medication is contraindicated in
clients who have a history of which of the following conditions?
Correct Answers Asthma
,Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is contraindicated in clients who
have asthma because it can cause bronchospasms. Propranolol
blocks the sympathetic stimulation, which prevents smooth
muscle relaxation.
Beta-blockers are contraindicated in clients who have
cardiogenic shock, and AV heart block.
A nurse has received report on a client who has a basilar skull
fracture. Which of the following findings should the nurse
anticipate with this client?
A. Pooling of blood and edema around the eyes
B. Ability to recall how the injury occurred
C. Bruising over the mastoid process
D. Chvostek's sign Correct Answers A. Pooling of blood and
edema around the eyes: Basilar skull fractures can lead to
leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the surrounding
tissues, resulting in periorbital ecchymosis, also known as
raccoon eyes, due to pooling of blood and edema around the
eyes. This finding is characteristic of basilar skull fractures and
is caused by disruption of the meninges and subsequent CSF
leakage into the soft tissues of the face.
Bruising over the mastoid process: Bruising over the mastoid
process, known as Battle sign, is associated with basilar skull
fractures. Battle sign results from blood accumulation
(hematoma) in the mastoid region behind the ear due to fracture-
related injury to the middle meningeal artery or other blood
vessels. This finding typically develops 24-48 hours after the
injury.
, A nurse is analyzing a client's electrocardiogram (ECG) strip
and identifies the following information:
Heart rate: 92/min
Rhythm: Irregular
P wave: Unable to identify
PR interval: Unable to measure
QRS duration: 0.10 seconds Correct Answers A fib
Atrial fibrillation is indicated in ECG analysis by an irregular
rhythm, the absence of identifiable P waves, and the inability to
measure PR interval.
A nurse is assessing a client who has acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the
nurse expect? Correct Answers Decreased pulmonary
compliance due to stiffness.
A hallmark manifestation of ARDS is decreased pulmonary
compliance due to the stiffness of a poorly aerated lung.
A nurse is assessing a client who has suspected acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify that which
of the following is the most common presenting manifestation of
ARDS?
Dyspnea
Cyanosis
Diaphoresis
Somnolence Correct Answers Dyspnea that worsens within 6
to 72 hr of the inciting event is the most common presenting
manifestation of ARDS.
